Venomous Species List

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1 The following is a work in progress and is intended to be a printable quick reference for the venomous snakes of the world. There are a few areas in which common names are needed and various disputes occur due to the nature of such a list, and it will of course be continually changing and updated. And nearly all species have many common names, but tried it simple and hopefully one for each will suffice. I also did not include snakes such as Heterodon ( Hognoses), mostly because I have to draw the line somewhere. Disclaimer: I am not a taxonomist, that being said, I did my best to try and put together an accurate list using every available resource. However, it must be made very clear that a list of this nature will always have disputes within, and THIS particular list is meant to reflect common usage instead of pioneering the field. I put this together at the request of several individuals new to the venomous endeavor, and after seeing some very blatant mislabels in the classifieds…I do hope it will be of some use, it prints out beautifully and I keep my personal copy in a three ring binder for quick access…I honestly thought I knew more than I did…LOL… to my surprise, I learned a lot while compiling this list and I hope you will as well when you use it…I also would like to thank the following people for their suggestions and much needed help: Dr.Wolfgang Wuster , Mark Oshea, and Dr. Brian Greg Fry. Best wishes Sierra VENOMOUS SPECIES OF THE WORLD COMPILED BY SIERRA Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Reptilia Order: Squamata Suborder: Serpentes Superfamily: Xenophidia Families: Atracaspididae Subfamily: Atractaspidinae Aparallactinae Colubridae Elapidae

description

i did not write this but thought it is useful information to all your reptile hobbyists out there

Transcript of Venomous Species List

  • 1The following is a work in progress and is intended to be a printable quick reference for thevenomous snakes of the world. There are a few areas in which common names are needed andvarious disputes occur due to the nature of such a list, and it will of course be continuallychanging and updated. And nearly all species have many common names, but tried it simple andhopefully one for each will suffice. I also did not include snakes such as Heterodon ( Hognoses),mostly because I have to draw the line somewhere.

    Disclaimer: I am not a taxonomist, that being said, I did my best to try and put together anaccurate list using every available resource. However, it must be made very clear that a list ofthis nature will always have disputes within, and THIS particular list is meant to reflectcommon usage instead of pioneering the field. I put this together at the request of severalindividuals new to the venomous endeavor, and after seeing some very blatant mislabels inthe classifiedsI do hope it will be of some use, it prints out beautifully and I keep mypersonal copy in a three ring binder for quick accessI honestly thought I knew more than IdidLOL to my surprise, I learned a lot while compiling this list and I hope you will aswell when you use itI also would like to thank the following people for their suggestionsand much needed help: Dr.Wolfgang Wuster , Mark Oshea, and Dr. Brian Greg Fry.

    Best wishes Sierra

    VENOMOUS SPECIES OF THE WORLDCOMPILED BY SIERRA

    Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataSubphylum: Vertebrata

    Class: Reptilia

    Order: Squamata

    Suborder: Serpentes

    Superfamily: Xenophidia

    Families: Atracaspididae Subfamily: Atractaspidinae Aparallactinae

    Colubridae Elapidae

  • 2 Subfamily: Hydrophiidae

    Viperidae Subfamily:Azemiopinae

    Subfamily:Crotalinae Subfamily: Viperinae

    Subfamily: Causiae

    Family Viperidae (Vipers and Pit Vipers)Subfamily Azemiopinae

    Azemiops

    SubfamilyCausinaeCausus

    Subfamily Crotalinae (Pit Vipers)AgkistrodonAtropoidesBothriechisBothriopsisBothrocophiasBothrops

    CalloselasmaCerrophidionCrotalusDeinagkistrodonErmia

    GloydiusHypnaleLachesisOphryacusOvophis

    PorthidiumProtobothropsSistrurusTrimeresurusTropidolaemus

    Subfamily Viperinae (Pitless Vipers)AdenorhinosAtherisBitisCerastes

    DaboiaEchisEristicophis

    MacroviperaMontatherisProatheris

    PseudocerastesVipera

  • 3Family Elapidae (cobras, coral snakes etc.)

    AspidelapsBoulengerinaBungarusCalliophisDendroaspis

    ElapsoideaHemachatusHemibungarusHomoroselapsMaticora

    MicruroidesMicrurusNajaOphiophagusParanaja

    PseudohajeWalterinnesia

    Subfamily Hydrophiinae(Australasian and marine Elapids)

    AcalyptophisAcanthophisAipysurusAspidomorphusAstrotiaAustrelapsCacophisDemansiaDenisoniaDisteiraDrysdaliaEchiopsis

    ElapognathusEmydocephalusEnhydrinaEphalophisFurinaHemiaspisHoplocephalusHydrelapsHydrophisKeriliaKolpophisLapemis

    LaticaudaLoveridgelapsMicropechisNotechisOgmodonOxyuranusPailsusParahydrophisParapistocalamusPelamisPraescutata

    Pseudechis PseudonajaRhinoplocephalusSalomonelapsSimoselapsSutaThalassophinaThalassophisToxicocalamusTropidechisVermicella

    Family Atracaspididae(Mole vipers/Stiletto Snakes)

    Subfamily AtractaspidinaeAtractaspis

    Subfamily AparallactinaeAmblyodipsasAparallactusBrachyophisChilorhinophis

    MacrelapsPolemonXenocalamus

    HypoptophisMicrelapsElapotinus

  • 4Family Colubridae(listing only the rear-fanged venomous snakes)

    (The arrangement of Colubridae is currently suited to common usage, however, changes in the entire Family andsubfamilies are inevitable in the future, thus changing this arrangement)

    Subfamily CloubrinaeBoigaDispholidusThelotornisSubfamily NatricinaeRhabdophisSubfamily PsammophiinaeMalpolonSubfamily XenodontinaeHydrodynastesPhilodryasTachymenis

    Family Viperidae (pit vipers and vipers)Subfamily Azemiopinae

    Azemiops

    Azimiops fea common name: Feas viper Subspecies: none

    Subfamily Crotalinae(pit vipers)AgkistrodonAgkistrodon bilineatus Common name: Cantils Subspecies:Agkistrodon bilineatus bilineatus Common name: Mexican CantilAgkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi Common name: Costa Rican CantilAgkistrodon bilineatus lemosespinali Common name:Agkistrodon bilineatus russeolus Common name: Yucatan Cantil

  • 5Agkistrodon contortrix Subspecies:Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix Common name: Southern copperheadAgkistrodon contortrix mokasen Common name: Northern copperheadAgkistrodon contortrix laticinctus Common name: Broad-banded copperheadAgkistrodon contortrix phaeogaster Common name: Osage copperheadAgkistrodon contortrix pictigaster Common name: Transpecos copperheadAgkistrodon piscivorusSubspecies:Agkistrodon piscivorus conanti Common name: Florida cottonmouthAgkistrodon piscivorus leucostoma Common name: Western cotonmouthAgkistrodon piscivorus piscivorus Common name: Eastern cottonmouthAgkistrodon taylori Common name: Taylors cantil/Ornate Cantil

    AtropoidesAtropoides nummifer Common name:Jumping Pit ViperSubspecies:Atropoides nummifer mexicanus Common name:Mexican Jumping Pit ViperAtropoides nummifer nummifer Common name:Jumping Pit ViperAtropoides nummifer occiduus Common name:Western Jumping Pit ViperAtropoides olmec Common name -Olmecan Pit Viper- Subspecies:noneAtropoides picadoi Common name Picado's Pit Viper Subspecies:none

    BothriechisBothriechis aurifer Common name: Yellow-blotched Palm Pit Viper Subspecies: noneBothriechis bicolor Common name: Guatemala Palm Pit Viper Subspecies: noneBothriechis lateralisCommon name: Coffee Palm Viper Subspecies: noneBothriechis marchi Common name: March's Palm Pit Viper Subspecies: none

    Bothriechis nigroviridis Common name: Black-speckled Palm Pit Viper Subspecies: noneBothriechis rowleyi Common name: Rowley's Palm Pit Viper Subspecies: noneBothriechis schlegelii Common name: Eyelash Viper Subspecies: noneBothriechis supraciliaris- Common name: Subspecies: noneBothriechis thalassinus- Common name: Subspecies: none

    Bothriopsis( Many authors reguard species of this group as part of Bothrops)Bothriopsis bilineata Common name:Green Jararaca/Two striped Forest Pit viperSubspecies:

    Bothriopsis bilineata bilineata Common name:

    Bothriopsis bilineata smaragdina Common name:

    Bothriopsis medusa Common name: Venezuela Forest Pit Viper Subspecies: noneBothriopsis oligolepis Common name: Inca Forest Pit Viper Subspecies: noneBothriopsis peruviana Common name: Peru Forest Pit Viper Subspecies: none

  • 6Bothriopsis pulchra Common name:Ecuadorian/Andean Forest Pit Viper Subspecies: noneBothriopsis punctata Common name: Chocoan Forest Pit Viper Subspecies: noneBothriopsis taeniata Common name: Speckled Forest Pit ViperSubspecies:Bothriopsis taeniata taeniata Common name:Bothriopsis taeniata lichenosa Common name:

    BothrocophiasBothrocophias campbelli Common name-Dusky Lancehead :Subspecies: noneBothrocophias hyoprora Common name-Amazonian Hog-nosed pit viper Subspecies: noneBothrocophias microphthalmus Common name: Small-eyed Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrocophias myersi Common name: Myers Lancehead Subspecies: none

    BothropsBothrops alcatraz Common name:Alcatrazes Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops alternatus Common name: Urutu Subspecies: noneBothrops ammodytoides Common name: Longnose Lancehead, Patagonian Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops andianus - Common name: Andean Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops asper Common name: Terciopelo, Barba Amarilla Subspecies: noneBothrops atrox - Common name: Common Lancehead, Fer-de-Lance Subspecies: noneBothrops barnetti - Common name: Barnett's Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops brazili -Common name: Brazil's Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops cambelli-Common name: Subspecies: noneBothrops caribbaeus-Common name: Saint Lucia Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops colombianus- Common name: Colombian Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops colombiensis- Common name: Wolfgangs Lancehead :0) Subspecies: noneBothrops cotiara - Common name: Cotiara Subspecies: noneBothrops erythromelas - Common name: Caatinga Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops fonsecai - Common name: Fonseca's Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops iglesiasi -Common name: Sertao Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops insularis - Common name: Golden Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops itapetiningae -Common name: Sao Paulo Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops jararaca - Common name: Jararaca Subspecies: noneBothrops jararacussu -Common name: JararacussuSubspecies: noneBothrops jonathani - Common name: Jonathan's Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops lanceolatus - Common name: Martinique Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops leucurus Common name: Whitetail Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops lojanus -Common name: Lojan Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops marajoensis -Common name: Maraj Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops moojeni -Common name: Brazilian Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops muriciensis- Common name: Bothrops neuwiedi - Common name: Jararaca Pintada, Neuwieds Lancehead

  • 7Subspecies:Bothrops neuwiedi bolivianusBothrops neuwiedi diporusBothrops neuwiedi goyazensisBothrops neuwiedi lutzi-Common name: Lutz LanceheadBothrops neuwiedi matogrossensisBothrops neuwiedi meridionalisBothrops neuwiedi neuwiedi Common name: Neuwieds LanceheadBothrops neuwiedi paranaensisBothrops neuwiedi pauloensisBothrops neuwiedi piauhyensisBothrops neuwiedi pubescensBothrops neuwiedi urutuBothrops pictus - Common name: Desert Lancehead- Subspecies: noneBothrops pirajai -Common name: Piraja's Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops roedingeri-Common name: Roedingers Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops sanctaecrucis Common name: Bolivian Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops venezuelensis -Common name: Venezuela Lancehead Subspecies: noneBothrops xanthogrammus-Common name: Copes Lancehead(may be syn. with B. asper) Subspecies:none

    CalloselasmaCalloselasma rhodostoma -Common name: Malayan Pit Viper Subspecies:none

    CerrophidionCerrophidion barbouri -Common name: Barbour's Montane Pit Viper Subspecies: noneCerrophidion godmani - Common name: Godman's Montane Pit Viper Subspecies: noneCerrophidion petlalcalensis-Common name: Subspecies: noneCerrophidion tzotzilorum -Common name: Tzotzil Montane Pit Viper Subspecies: none

    Crotalus

    Crotalus adamanteus Common name: Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake Subspecies: noneCrotalus aquilus - Common name: Queretaran Dusky/ Blotched Rattlesnake Subspecies: noneCrotalus atrox Common name: Western Diamondback Rattlesnake Subspecies: noneCrotalus basiliscus - Common name: Basilisk Rattlesnake/ Mexican West Coast Rattlesnake Subspecies:none

    Crotalus catalinensis -Common name: Catalina Island Rattlesnake Subspecies: noneCrotalus cerastes - Common name: SidewinderSubspecies:

    Crotalus cerastes cerastes Common name: Mojave Desert sidewinderCrotalus cerastes cercobombus Common name: Sonoran Desert sidewinder

  • 8Crotalus cerastes laterorepens Common name: Colorado Desert sidewinderCrotalus durissus Common name: Cascabel RattlesnakeSubspecies:

    Crotalus durissus cascavella Common name: Northeastern Brazilian rattlesnakeCrotalus durissus collilineatus Common name: Central Brazilian rattlesnakeCrotalus durissus culminatus Common name: Northwestern Neotropical rattlesnake

    Crotalus durissus cumanensis Common name: Venezuelan rattlesnakeCrotalus durissus dryinas Common name: Guianian rattlesnakeCrotalus durissus durissus Common name: Neotropical rattlesnakeCrotalus durissus marajoensis Common name: Marajoan rattlesnake Crotalus durissus ruruima Common name: Mt. Roriama rattlesnakeCrotalus durissus terrificus Common name: South American rattlesnakeCrotalus durissus totonacus Common name: Totonacan rattlesnakeCrotalus durissus trigonicus Common name: Rupunini rattlesnakeCrotalus durissus tzabcan Common name: Yucatan Neotropical rattlesnake

    Crotalus enyo - Common name: Lower California RattlesnakeSubspecies:

    Crotalus enyo cerralvensis Common name: Cerralvo Island Diamond rattlesnakeCrotalus enyo enyo Common name: Baja California rattlesnakeCrotalus enyo furvus Common name: Rosario rattlesnake

    Crotalus horridus atricaudatus Common name: Canebrake rattlesnake Subspecies: noneCrotalus horridus horridus Common name: Canebrake rattlesnake, Timber rattlesnake Subspecies:none (southern populations sometimes referred to as a separate subspecies, C.h. atricaudatus.)Crotalus intermedius Common name: Mexican Smallhead RattlesnakeSubspecies:

    Crotalus intermedius gloydi Common name: Oaxacan Small Headed rattlesnake

    Crotalus intermedius intermedius Common name: Totalcan Small Headed rattlesnake

    Crotalus intermedius omiltemanus Common name: Omilteman Small Headed rattlesnake

    Crotalus lannomi -Common name: Autlan Rattlesnake Subspecies: noneCrotalus lepidus common name: Rock rattlesnake-Subspecies:

    Crotalus lepidus klauberi Common name: Banded Rock rattlesnakeCrotalus lepidus lepidus Common name: Mottled Rock rattlesnakeCrotalus lepidus maculosus Common name: Durango Rock rattlesnakeCrotalus lepidus morulus Common name: Tamaulipan Rock rattlesnake

    Crotalus mitchelli Common name: speckled rattlesnakeSubspecies:Crotalus mitchellii angelensis Common name: Angel de la Guarda Island Speckled rattlesnake-Sometimesrecognised as a separate species(highly questionable in my view-WW)Crotalus mitchellii mitchellii Common name: San Lucan Speckled rattlesnake

  • 9Crotalus mitchellii muertensis Common name: El Muerto Island rattlesnake- Sometimes recognised as a separatespecies(highly questionable in my view-WW) Crotalus mitchellii pyrrhus Common name: Southwestern Speckled rattlesnakeCrotalus mitchellii stephensi Common name: Panamint rattlesnakeCrotalus molossus Common name: Black Tailed Rattlesnake Subspecies:Crotalus molossus estebanensis Common name: San Esteban Island Blacktail rattlesnake- Sometimes recognised asa separate species(highly questionable in my view-WW) Crotalus molossus molossus Common name: Northern Blacktail rattlesnakeCrotalus molossus nigrescens Common name: Mexican Blacktail rattlesnakeCrotalus molossus oaxacus Common name: Oaxacan Blacktail rattlesnakeCrotalus polystictus -Common name: Mexican Lancehead Rattlesnake Subspecies: noneCrotalus priceiSubspecies:

    Crotalus pricei pricei Common name: Western Twin Spotted rattlesnakeCrotalus pricei miquihuanus Common name: Eastern Twin Spotted rattlesnakeCrotalus pusillus -Common name: Tancitaran Dusky Rattlesnake Subspecies: noneCrotalus ruber Common name: Red RattlesnakeSubspecies:

    Crotalus ruber ruber Common name: Red Diamond rattlesnake

    Crotalus ruber lorenzoensis Common name: San Lorenzo Island Diamond rattlesnake- Sometimes recognised as aseparate species(highly questionable in my view-WW) Crotalus ruber lucasensis Common name: San Lucan Island Diamond rattlesnake

    Crotalus scutulatus Common name: Mojave (Green) RattlesnakeSubspecies:

    Crotalus scutulatus salvini Common name: Humantlan rattlesnakeCrotalus scutulatus scutulatus Common name: Mojave rattlesnakeCrotalus stejnegeri - Common name: Longtail Rattlesnake Subspecies: noneCrotalus tigris -Common name: Tiger Rattlesnake Subspecies: noneCrotalus tortugensis - Common name: Tortuga Island Rattlesnake Subspecies: noneCrotalus transversus - Common name: Cross-banded Mountain Rattlesnake Subspecies: noneCrotalus triseriatus Common name:

    Subspecies:

    Crotalus triseriatus armstrongi Common name: Mexican Dusky rattlesnakeCrotalus triseriatus triseriatus Common name: Central Plateau Dusky rattlesnake

    Crotalus unicolor Common name: Aruba Island Rattlesnake Subspecies: noneCrotalus vegrandis -Common name: Uracoan Rattlesnake Subspecies: none(ssp. Of durissus???)Crotalus viridis Common name: western rattlesnake(Taxonomy of C.viridis remains

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    unresolved???)Remains in a state of flux. Recognising oregamus(for the western forms) and viridis(for the easternforms) as separate species is probably above debate by now.

    Subspecies:

    Crotalus viridis abyssus Common name: Grand canyon rattlesnake probably syn. of C. oreganus lutosusCrotalus viridis caliginis Common name: Coronado Island rattlesnakesyn. of C.organus helleriCrotalus viridis cerberus Common name: Aizona black rattlesnakefull species status????Crotalus viridis concolor Common name: Midget faded rattlesnakefull species status???Crotalus viridis helleri Common name: South pacific rattlesnake----full species status???Crotalus viridis lutosus Common name: Great basin rattlesnakeCrotalus viridis nuntius Common name: Hopi rattlesnake----syn. of C. v.viridisCrotalus viridis oreganus Common name: North pacific rattlesnake---full species status???Crotalus viridis viridis Common name: Praire rattlesnakeCrotalus willardi Common name: Ridgenose rattlesnakeSubspecies:Crotalus willardi amabilis Common name: Del Nido Ridgenose rattlesnakeCrotalus willardi meridionalis Common name: Southern Ridgenose rattlesnakeCrotalus willardi obscurus Common name: New Mexican Ridgenose rattlesnakeCrotalus willardi silus Common name: Western Chihuahuan Ridgenose rattlesnakeCrotalus willardi willardi Common name: Arizona Ridgenose rattlesnake

    DeinagkistrodonDeinagkistrodon acutus -Common name: Chinese Moccasin/Snorkel nose viper Subspecies: none

    ErmiaErmia mangshanensis-Common name:Mount Mang Pitviper, Iron-head snake :Subspecies: none

    GloydiusGloydius blomhoffi Common name: Mamushi

    Subspecies:

    Gloydius blomhoffii blomhoffii Common name: MamushiGloydius blomhoffi brevicaudusGloydius blomhoffii dubitatusGloydius blomhoffii siniticus Common name: Yangtze Mamushi

    Gloydius halys -Common name: Halys Pit Viper, Siberian Pit viperSubspecies:

    Gloydius halys affinisGloydius halys boehmeiGloydius halys caraganusGloydius halys caucasicusGloydius halys cognatusGloydius halys halys Common name: Siberian Pit ViperGloydius halys mogoiGloydius halys liupanensisGloydius halys intermedius

    Gloydius himalayanus-Common name: Himalayan pit viper: Subspecies: noneGloydius intermedius Common name: Central Asian Pit viper

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    Subspecies:Gloydius intermedius intermedius Common name: Asian Pit viperGloydius intermedius caucasicusGloydius intermedius stejnegeriGloydius monticola- Common name: Likiang Pit viper :Subspecies: noneGloydius saxatilis-Common name: Rock Mamushi, Sanganku Mamushi :Subspecies: noneGloydius shedaoensis-Common name:Snake Island Mamushi, Shedao Mamushi Subspecies: noneGloydius strauchi-Common name: Tibetan Mamushi Subspecies: noneGloydius tsushimaensis- Common name: Tsushima Mamushi Subspecies: noneGloydius ussuriensis-Common name: Ussuri Mamushi Subspecies: none

    HypnaleHypnale hypnale- Common name: Hump-nosed Moccasin Subspecies: noneHypnale nepa -Common name: Sri Lanka Humpnose Viper Subspecies: noneHypnale walli Common name: Wall's Humpnose Viper Subspecies: none

    LachesisLachesis melanocephala Common name: Costa Rican/Black-headed Bushmaster Subspecies: none Lachesis muta - Common name: South American Bushmaster, Amazonian BushmasterSubspecies:Lachesis muta muta Common name: South American Bushmaster, MatabueyLachesis muta rhombeata Common name: Atlantic Coastal BushmasterLachesis stenophrys Common name: Central American Bushmaster Subspecies: none

    OphryacusOphryacus melanurus-Common name: Black-tailed Montane PitViper Subspecies: noneOphryacus undulatus -Common name: Mexican Horned Pit Viper Subspecies: none

    OvophisOvophis chaseni - Common name: Mount Kinabalu Pit Viper Subspecies: none

    Ovophis monticola - Common name: Chinese Mountain Pit ViperSubspecies:Ovophis monticola convictusOvophis monticola monticola Common name: Mountain Pit ViperOvophis monticola makazayazayaOvophis monticola orientalisOvophis monticola zhaokentangiOvophis monticola zayuensis Common name: Tibetan Mountain Pit ViperOvophis okinavensis - Common name:Ryukyu Island Pit Viper Subspecies: noneOvophis tonkinensis-Common name: Tonking Pit Viper Subspecies: none

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    PorthidiumPorthidium dunni Common name: Dunn's Hognose Viper Subspecies: none

    Porthidium hespere - Common name: Western Hognose Viper Subspecies: nonePorthidium lansbergii Common name: Lansberg Hognose Pit ViperSubspecies:

    Porthidium lansbergii arcosaePorthidium lansbergii hutmanniPorthidium lansbergii lansbergii Common name: Lansbergs Hognose Pit ViperPorthidium lansbergii rozeiPorthidium nasutum -Common name: Hognosed Pit Viper Subspecies: nonePorthidium ophryomegas -Common name: Slender Hognose Viper Subspecies: nonePorthidium volcanicum- Common name: Subspecies: nonePorthidium yucatanicum Common name: Yucatn Hognose Viper Subspecies: none

    ProtobothropsProtobothrops elegans -Common name: Sakishima Habu Subspecies: none

    Protobothrops flavoviridis Common name:Subspecies:

    Protobothrops flavoviridis flavoviridis Common name: HabuProtobothrops flavoviridis tinkhamiProtobothrops jerdonii Common name: Jerdons pit viperSubspecies:Protobothrops jerdonii jerdoniiProtobothrops jerdonii meridionalisProtobothrops jerdonii xanthomelasVietnamese tree viperProtobothrops kaulbacki-Common name: Chinese habu, Taiwanese pit viper Subspecies: noneProtobothrops mucrosquamatus Common name: Chinese slender habu, Formosan Habu Subspecies:none

    Protobothrops strigatus -Common name: Horseshoe Pit viper Subspecies: noneProtobothrops tokarensis- Common name: Xiangcheng Pit viper, Xiangcheng Iron head snakeSubspecies: none

    SistrurusSistrurus catenatus Common name: Massasauga Subspecies:

    Sistrurus catenatus catenatus Common name: Eastern MassasaugaSistrurus catenatus edwardsi Common name: Desert MassasaugaSistrurus catenatus tergeminus Common name: Western Massasauga

    Sistrurus miliarius Common name: Pygmy rattlesnake

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    Subspecies:

    Sistrurus miliarius barbouri Common name: Dusky pygmy rattlesnakeSistrurus miliarius miliarius Common name: Carolina pygmy rattlesnakeSistrurus miliarius streckeri Common name: Western pygmy rattlesnakeSistrurus ravus - Common name: Mexican Massasauga Subspecies:

    Sistrurus ravus brunneus Common name: Oaxacan Pigmy rattlesnakeSistrurus ravus exiguus Common name: Guerreran Pigmy rattlesnakeSistrurus ravus lutescens Common name: Sistrurus ravus ravus Common name: Central Plateau Pigmy rattlesnake

    TriceratolepidophisTriceratolepidophis sieversorum Common name: ? Subspecies: none

    TrimeresurusTrimeresurus albolabris Common name: White-lipped Tree ViperSubspecies:

    Trimeresurus albolabris albolabris

    Trimeresurus andersonii -Common name: Subspecies: none Trimeresurus borneensis -Common name: Borneo Pit Viper Subspecies: noneTrimeresurus brongersmai - Common name: Brongersma's Pit Viper Subspecies: none

    Trimeresurus cantori Common name: Cantor's Pit Viper Subspecies: none

    Trimeresurus cornutus - Common name: Horned Pit Viper Subspecies: none

    Trimeresurus erythrurus - Common name: Redtail Pit Viper Subspecies: noneTrimeresurus fasciatus Common name: Banded Pit Viper Subspecies: noneTrimeresurus flavomaculatus Common name: HabuSubspecies:

    Trimeresurus flavomaculatus flavomaculatus Common name: Philippine Pit ViperTrimeresurus flavomaculatus halieusTrimeresurus flavomaculatus mcgregori Common name: McGregors Pit ViperTrimeresurus gracilis -Common name: Kikuchi Habu Subspecies: none

    Trimeresurus gramineus - Common name: Common Bamboo Viper Subspecies: none

    Trimeresurus gumprechti-Common name: Subspecies: noneTrimeresurus hageni Common name: Indonesian Pit Viper Subspecies: noneTrimeresurus insularis

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    Trimeresurus kanburiensis Common name: Kanburi Pit Viper Subspecies: none

    Trimeresurus karanshahi Common name: Subspecies: noneTrimeresurus labialis - Common name: Island Pit Viper Subspecies: noneTrimeresurus macgrefori Common name:Phillippine tree viper Subspecies: noneTrimeresurus macrolepis Common name: Large-scaled Pit Viper Subspecies: none

    Trimeresurus macrops Common name: Kramer's Pit Viper/Big eyed tree viper Subspecies: none

    Trimeresurus malabaricus Common name: Malabarian Pit Viper Subspecies: none

    Trimeresurus malcolmi-Common name: ? Subspecies: noneTrimeresurus medoensis Common name: Green Bamboo Leaf Pit Viper Subspecies: none

    Trimeresurus popeiorum - Common name: Popes Tree ViperSubspecies:

    Trimeresurus popeiorum baratiTrimeresurus popeiorum popeiorumTrimeresurus popeiorum sabahiTrimeresurus puniceus Common name: Ashy Pit Viper/Flat nose viper Subspecies: none

    Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus Common name: Mangrove Viper/purple spotted pitviperSubspecies: none

    Trimeresurus schultzei Common name: Schultze's Pit Viper Subspecies: noneTrimeresurus septentrionalis Subspecies: noneTrimeresurus stejnegeri Common name: Chinese Green Tree ViperSubspecies:

    Trimeresurus stejnegeri chenbihuiiTrimeresurus stejnegeri kodairaiTrimeresurus stejnegeri makiiTrimeresurus sumatranus Common name: Sumatra Pit Viper Subspecies: none

    Trimeresurus tibetanus - Common name: Tibetan Pit Viper Subspecies: none

    Trimeresurus trigonocephalus Common name: Ceylon Pit Viper/Sri Lanken palm viper Subspecies:none

    Trimeresurus venustus Common name:Kanburi pitviper Subspecies: noneTrimeresurus vogeli Common name: Vogels Green Pit Viper Subspecies: noneTrimeresurus xiangchengensis Common name: Szechwan Pit Viper Subspecies: noneTrimeresurus yunnanensis-Common name: Subspecies: none

    TropidolaemusTropidolaemus huttoni-Common name: Subspecies: none

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    Tropidolaemus wagleri common name: Waglers palm viperSubspecies: Tropidolaemus wagleri alboviridisTropidolaemus wagleri subannulatusTropidolaemus wagleri wagleri

    SubFamilyViperinae (pitless vipers)

    Adenorhinos

    AtherisAtheris acuminata common name: Acuminate Bush Viper Subspecies: none

    Atheris broadleyicommon name:Broadleys Bush Viper Subspecies: none

    Atheris barbouri Common name: Uzungwe Mountain Bush Viper Subspecies: noneAtheris ceratophoracommon name: Horned Bush viper Subspecies: noneAtheris chlorechiscommon name: Western Bush Viper Subspecies: noneAtheris desaixi common name: Mount Kenya Bush Viper Subspecies: noneAtheris hirsutacommon name:Bush Viper Subspecies: noneAtheris hispida common name: Hairy Bush Viper Subspecies: noneAtheris katangensis common name: Katanga mt. Bush Viper Subspecies: noneAtheris nitschei common name: Great Lakes Bush Viper(Sedge Viper) Subspecies: noneAtheris rungweensiscommon name:Rungwe Bush Viper Subspecies: noneAtheris squamigera common name:Variable Bush ViperSubspecies:Atheris squamiger squamiger common name:Green Bush ViperAtheris squamiger robustusAtheris subocularis Southwest Cameroon Bush Viper Subspecies: none

    BitisBitis albanica common name: Albany adder Subspecies: none

    Bitis arietans Common name: Cape Puff AdderSubspecies:

    Bitis arietans arietansBitis arietans somalica Common name: Somali Puff AdderBitis armata Common name: Southern Adder Subspecies: noneBitis atropos Common name: Berg Adder

  • 16

    Subspecies:

    Bitis atropos atroposBitis atropos unicolorBitis caudalis Common name: Horned Adder Subspecies: none

    Bitis cornuta Common name: Many-horned Adder Subspecies: none

    Bitis gabonica Common name: Gaboon Adder/ViperSubspecies:

    Bitis gabonica gabonica Common name: East African Gaboon Adder/ViperBitis gabonica rhinoceros Common name: West African Gaboon Adder/ViperBitis heraldica Common name: Bocage's Horned Adder Subspecies: none

    Bitis inornata Common name: Plain Mountain Adder Subspecies: none

    Bitis nasicornis - Common name: Rhinoceros Viper Subspecies: none

    Bitis parviocula Common name: Ethiopia Viper Subspecies: none

    Bitis peringueyi Common name: Peringuey's Adder, Dwarf Puff Adder Subspecies: none

    Bitis rubida Common name: Red Adder Subspecies: none

    Bitis schneideri Common name: Namaqua Dwarf Adder Subspecies: noneBitis worthingtoni Common name: Kenya Horned Viper Subspecies: noneBitis xeropaga Common name: Desert Mountain Adder Subspecies: none

    Subfamily Causinae

    CaususCausus bilineatus Common name: Two-lined Night Adder Subspecies: none

    Causus defilippii Common name: Snouted Night Adder Subspecies: noneCausus lichtensteinii-Common name: Subspecies: noneCausus maculatus Common name: Spotted Night Adder Subspecies: none

    Causus resimus - Common name: Green Night Adder Subspecies: none

    Causus rhombeatus - Common name: Common Or Rhombic Night Adder Subspecies: noneCerastesCerastes cerastes Common name: Desert Horned Viper/SidwinderSubspecies:

    Cerastes cerastes cerastes Common name: Sahara Horned Viper Cerastes cerastes hoofieni

  • 17

    Cerastes gasperettii Common name: Subspecies:

    Cerastes gasperetti mendelssohniCerastes gasperettii gasperettii Common name: Arabian Horned Viper

    Cerastes vipera Common name: Sahara Sand Viper Subspecies: none

    DaboiaDaboia deserti Common name: Subspecies: noneDaboia mauritanica-Common name: Subspecies: noneDaboia palaestinae Common name: Palestine Viper Subspecies: noneDaboia russelii -Common name: Russels ViperSubspecies:Daboia russellii russellii Daboia russellii siamensis

    EchisEchis carinatusCommon name: Saw-scaled Viper, African Carpet Viper/Israeli Saw-scaled ViperSubspecies:

    Echis carinatus astolaeEchis carinatus carinatusCommon name: Indian Carpet ViperEchis carinatus sinhaleyus Echis carinatus multisquamatus

    Echis coloratus Common name: Palestine Saw-scaled Viper Subspecies:nEchis hughesi Common name: Hughes' Saw-scaled Viper Subspecies: none

    Echis jogeri Common name: Joger's Saw-scaled Viper Subspecies: noneEchis leucogaster Common name: Roman's Saw-scaled Viper, White Bellied Carpet viper Subspecies: none

    Echis megalocephalus Common name: Cherlin's Saw-scaled Viper Subspecies: noneEchis multisquamatus- Common name: Central Asian Saw-scaled viper Subspecies: noneEchis ocellatus Common name: West African Saw-scaled Viper Subspecies: none

    Echis pyramidum Common name: Egyptian Saw-scaled Viper/Carpet viperSubspecies:Echis pyramidum pyramidum Common name: East African carpet viperEchis pyramidum aliaborri Common name: Red carpet viperEchis pyramidum leakeyiEchis pyramidum lucidusEchis sochurecki-Common name: Sochureks Saw scaled/carpet viper(may or may not have full speciesstatus) Subspecies: none

  • 18

    EristicophisEristicophis macmahoni Common name: McMahons Desert Viper Subspecies: none

    MacroviperaMacrovipera lebetina Common name: Levantine ViperSubspecies:Macrovipera lebetina lebetinaMacrovipera lebetina cernoviMacrovipera lebetina obtusaMacrovipera lebetina peilei [questionable subspecies]Macrovipera lebetina transmediterraneaMacrovipera lebetina turanica

    Macrovipera schweizeri-Common name: Subspecies: none

    MontatherisMontatheris hindii Common name: Montane Viper Subspecies: none

    ProatherisProatheris superciliaris common name: Lowland swamp viper Subspecies: none

    PseudocerastesPseudocerastes fieldi Common name: Field's Horned Viper Subspecies: nonePseudocerastes persicus Common name: Perisan Horned Viper Subspecies: none

    ViperaVipera albizona-Common name: Subspecies: none

    Vipera ammodytes Common name: Nose-horned ViperSubspecies:

    Vipera ammodytes ammodytesVipera ammodytes gregorwallneri (status questionable)Vipera ammodytes meridionalisVipera ammodytes montandoni European Longnose ViperVipera ammodytes ruffoiVipera aspis Common name: Asp ViperSubspecies:

    Vipera aspis aspisVipera aspis atra Common name: Black Blotched medow ViperVipera aspis francisciredi Common name: Italian adderVipera aspis hugyi

  • 19

    Vipera aspis zinnikeri Common name: Pyrenees mountain adderVipera barani Common name: Turkish Viper Subspecies: none

    Vipera berus Common name: Adder, Northern ViperSubspecies:

    Vipera berus berusVipera berus bosniensis

    Vipera bornmuelleri Common name: Lebanon Viper Subspecies: none

    Vipera darevskii Common name: Darevsky's Viper Subspecies: none

    Vipera dinniki Common name: Dinnik's Viper Subspecies: none

    Vipera eriwanensis-Common name: Subspecies: noneVipera kaznakovi Common name: Caucasus Viper Subspecies: none

    Vipera latastei Common name: Lataste's Viper Subspecies:

    Vipera latastei latasteiVipera latastei gaditana Heulva Sand AdderVipera latifii Common name: Latifi's Viper Subspecies: noneVipera lotievi Common name: Subspecies: noneVipera magnifica- Common name: Subspecies: noneVipera monticola Common name: Mountain Viper Subspecies: none

    Vipera nikolskii Common name: Nikolsky's Viper/Russian Black Viper Subspecies: none

    Vipera orlovi-Common name: Subspecies: none

    Vipera pontica Common name: Black Sea Viper Subspecies: none

    Vipera raddei Common name: Caucasus ViperSubspecies:

    Vipera raddei raddeiVipera raddei kurdistanicaVipera renardi Common name: Subspecies: noneVipera sachalinensis-Common name: Subspecies: noneVipera seoanei Common name: Portugese ViperSubspecies:

    Vipera seoanei seoaneiVipera seoanei cantabricaVipera transcaucasiana Common name: Subspecies: noneVipera ursinii Common name: Meadow Viper, Orsinis Viper

  • 20

    Subspecies:

    Vipera ursinii anatolica (status unclear)Vipera ursinii ebneri (status unclear)Vipera ursinii graeca (status unclear)Vipera ursinii macrops (status unclear)Vipera ursinii moldavicaVipera ursinii rakosiensisVipera ursinii ursiniiVipera ursinii wettsteiniVipera wagneri Common name: Wagner's Viper/Ocellated Mt. Vipers Subspecies: none

    Vipera xanthina Common name: Coastal/Ottoman Viper Subspecies: none

    Family Elapidae (cobras, coral snakes etc.)Aspidelaps-Aspidelaps lubricusSubspecies:

    Aspidelaps lubricus cowlesi Common name: Northern Coral CobraAspidelaps lubricus infuscatus Common name: Nambian Coral CobraAspidelaps lubricus lubricus Common name: Coral cobra

    Aspidelaps scutatus Common name: Sheild nosed Cobras Subspecies:Aspidelaps scutatus bachrani Common name: Sheild nosed CobrasAspidelaps scutatus fulafulus Common name: Eastern Sheild nosed CobrasAspidelaps scutatus intermedius Common name: Intermediate Sheild nosed CobrasAspidelaps scutatus scutatus Common name: Sheild nosed Cobras

    BoulengerinaBoulengerina annulata Common name: Ringed Water CobraSubspecies:

    Boulengerina annulata annulata Common name: Banded Water CobraBoulengerina annulata stormsi Common name: Storms Water Cobra

    Boulengerina christyi Common name: Christy's Water Cobra Subspecies: none

    BungarusBungarus andamanensis Common name: South Andaman Krait Subspecies: none

    Bungarus bungaroides Common name: Northeastern Hill Krait Subspecies: none

  • 21

    Bungarus caeruleus Common name: Indian Krait/Blue Krait Subspecies: none

    Bungarus candidus Common name: Blue Krait Subspecies: none

    Bungarus ceylonicus Common name: Ceylon KraitSubspecies:

    Bungarus ceylonicus karavalaBungarus ceylonicus ceylonicusBungarus fasciatus Common name: Banded Krait Subspecies: noneBungarus flaviceps Common name: Red-headed KraitSubspecies:

    Bungarus flaviceps flavicepsBungarus flaviceps baluensis

    Bungarus lividus Common name: Lesser Black Krait Subspecies: none

    Bungarus magnimaculatus Common name: Burmese Krait Subspecies: none

    Bungarus multicinctus Common name: Many-banded KraitSubspecies:

    Bungarus multicinctus multicinctusBungarus multicinctus wanghaotingi

    Bungarus niger Common name: Greater Black Krait Subspecies: none

    Bungarus sindanus Common name: Sind KraitSubspecies:Bungarus sindanus razaiBungarus sindanus walliBungarus sindanus sindanus

    CalliophisCalliophis beddomei-Common name: Beddomes Coral snake Subspecies: none

    Calliophis bibroni Common name: Bibron's Coral Snake Subspecies: none

    Calliophis calligaster Common name: Red bellied Coral snakeSubspecies:

    Calliophis calligaster calligasterCalliophis calligaster gemiannulisCalliophis calligaster mcclungi Calliophis gracilis Common name: Gray Coral Snake, Slender coral snake, Spotted Coral snake Subspecies:none

  • 22

    Calliophis kelloggi Common name: Kellogg's Coral Snake Subspecies: none

    Calliophis macclellandi Common name: Macclellands Coral snakeSubspecies:

    Calliophis macclellandi iwasakii Common name: Iwasakis Coral snake

    Calliophis macclellandi swinoei Common name: Taiwan Coral snakeCalliophis macclellandi swinhoei Common name: Red ringed snakeCalliophis macclellandi univirgatus Common name: Calliophis maculiceps Common name: Small-spotted Coral SnakeSubspecies:

    Calliophis maculiceps atrofrontalisCalliophis maculiceps hughiCalliophis maculiceps maculicepsCalliophis maculiceps michaelisCalliophis maculiceps smithi

    Calliophis melanurus Common name: Sri Lanken Coral snake, Black tailed coral snakeSubspecies:

    Calliophis melanurus sinhaleyusCalliophis melanurus nigrescensCalliophis nigrescens Common name: Indian Coral Snake,Striped Coral snake Subspecies: none

    DendroaspisDendroaspis angusticeps Common name: Eastern Green Mamba Subspecies: none

    Dendroaspis jamesoni Common name: Jamesons MambaSubspecies:

    Dendroaspis jamesoni jamesoni Common name: Jamesons MambaDendroaspis jamesoni kaimosae Common name: East African Jamesons Mamba

    Dendroaspis polylepis Common name: Black MambaSubspecies:Dendroaspis polylepis polylepisDendroaspis polylepis antinori

    Dendroaspis viridis Common name: Western Green Mamba Subspecies: none

    ElapsoideaElapsoidea broadleyi-Common name: Subspecies: noneElapsoidea chelazzii Common name: Somali Garter Snake Subspecies: none

    Elapsoidea guentherii-Common name: Subspecies: none

  • 23

    Elapsoidea laticincta Common name: Werner's Garter Snake Subspecies: noneElapsoidea loveridgei Common name: Loveridge's Garter SnakeSubspecies:

    Elapsoidea loveridgei colletiElapsoidea loveridgei loveridgeiElapsoidea loveridgei multicinctaElapsoidea nigra Common name: Black Garter Snake Subspecies: none

    Elapsoidea semiannulata Common name: Boulengeis Garter SnakeSubspecies:

    Elapsoidea semiannulata boulengeriElapsoidea semiannulata moebiusiElapsoidea semiannulata semiannulataElapsoidea sundevallii Common name: Sundervalls Garter snakeSubspecies:Elapsoidea sundevallii decosteri Common name: De Costers Garter snakeElapsoidea sundevallii fitzsimonsi Common name: Kallahari garter SnakeElapsoidea sundevallii longicauda Common name: Long tailed Garter SnakeElapsoidea sundevallii media Common name: Highveld Garter SnakeElapsoidea sundevallii sundevallii Common name: Natal Gater SnakeElapsoidea trapei Common name: Subspecies: none

    HemachatusHemachatus haemachatus common name: Rinkals cobra- Subspecies: none

    HemibungarusHemibungarus hatori-Common name: Taiwan Striped Coral snake Subspecies: noneHemibungarus japonicus common name:Japanese coral snakeSubspecies: Hemibungarus japonicus boettgeri common name:Okinawa coral snake Hemibungarus japonicus japonicus common name:Amami coral snake Hemibungarus japonicus takarai common name:Takaras coral snakeHemibungarus sauteri-Common name: Asian, Sauters, Striped coral snake Subspecies: none

    HomoroselapsHomoroselaps dorsalis Common name-Striped Harelquin snake Subspecies: noneHomoroselaps lacteus- Common name: Spotted Harelquin snake Subspecies: noneMaticora

    Maticora bivirgata Common name: Blue Malaysian Coral SnakeSubspecies:

    Maticora bivirgata flavicepsMaticora bivirgata bivirgataMaticora bivirgata tetrataenia

  • 24

    Maticora intestinalis Common name: Banded Malaysian Coral SnakeSubspecies:Maticora intestinalis intestinalisMaticora intestinalis lineataMaticora intestinalis bilineataMaticora intestinalis everettiMaticora intestinalis philippinaMaticora intestinalis suluensisMaticora intestinalis thepassi

    MicruroidesMicruroides euryxanthus Common name:

    Subspecies:Micruroides euryxanthus australisMicruroides euryxanthus euryxanthus Arizona Coral snakeMicruroides euryxanthus neglectus

    MicrurusMicrurus albicinctus- Common name: White-banded Coral Snake Subspecies: none

    Micrurus alleni Common name: Allen's Coral Snake, Costa Rican Coral snake, Arrowheaded CoralSubspecies:

    Micrurus alleni alleniMicrurus alleni richardiMicrurus alleni yatesiMicrurus altirostris-Common name: Short tailed coral snake,Many Banded Coral Subspecies: noneMicrurus ancoralis Common name: Regal Coral SnakeSubspecies:

    Micrurus ancoralis jani Common name: Jans/Choco Anchor Coral SnakeMicrurus ancoralis ancoralis Common name: Ecuadorian Anchor Coral SnakeMicrurus annellatus Common name: Annellated Coral SnakeSubspecies:

    Micrurus annellatus annellatus Common name: Common Annellated Coral SnakeMicrurus annellatus balzanii Common name: Balzans/Yungas Coral SnakeMicrurus annellatus bolivianus Common name: Bolivian Coral SnakeMicrurus averyi Common name: Black-headed Coral Snake/Averys Coral snake Subspecies: noneMicrurus baliocoryphus- Common name: Souther/Shortailed Coral Snake, Mesopotamian CoralSubspecies: none

    Micrurus bernadi-Common name: Blotched Coral snake, Bernards Coral snake, Saddled Coral snakeSubspecies: noneMicrurus bocourti Common name: Ecuador Coral Snake, Bocourts Coral snake, False Triad Coral snakeSubspecies: none

    Micrurus bogerti Common name: Bogert's Coral Snake, Coastal coral snake Subspecies: none

  • 25

    Micrurus brasiliensis Common name: Brazilian Short-tailed coral snake Subspecies: none

    Micrurus browni Common name: Brown's Coral Snake, Sierra Madre Coral snake Subspecies: noneSubspecies:

    Micrurus browni brown Common name: Common Sierra Madre Coral SnakeMicrurus browni importunus Common name: Antigua Basin Coral SnakeMicrurus browni taylori Common name: Taylors Coral Snake, Acapulco Coral SnakeMicrurus catamayensis Common name: Catamayo Coral Snake Subspecies: none

    Micrurus ccircinalis Common name: Circled Coral Snake, Small Coral Snake, Trinidad Northern CoralSnake

    Subspecies: none

    Micrurus clarki Common name: Clark's Coral SnakeSubspecies: noneMicrurus collaris Common name: Guyana Blackback Coral Snake (these may be placed in Leptomicurus,however the phylogenetic evidence to date suggests that they should be in Micrurus)

    Subspecies:

    Leptomicrurus collaris collarisLeptomicrurus collaris breviventrisMicrurus corallinus Common name: Painted Coral SnakeSubspecies: noneMicrurus decoratus Common name: Brazilian Coral Snake, Decorated Coral snakeSubspecies: noneMicrurus diana- Common name: Dianas Coral Snake Subspecies: noneMicrurus diastema Common name: Variable Coral Snake, Atlantic Coral snake, Diastema Coral SnakeSubspecies:

    Micrurus diastema diastema Common name: Veracruz Coral SnakeMicrurus diastema aglaeope Common name: Slpendid Coral SnakeMicrurus diastema alienus Common name: Yucatan Coral SnakeMicrurus diastema affinis Common name: Speckeled Coral Snake, Yucatecan Coral SnakeMicrurus diastema apiatus Common name: Spotted Nose Coral Snake, Ringed Coral SnakeMicrurus diastema macdougalli Common name: MacDougalls Coral SnakeMicrurus diastema sapperi Common name: Sappers Variable Coral Snake, Irregular Coral SnakeMicrurus dissoleucus Common name: Pigmy Coral Snake, CandelillaSubspecies:

    Micrurus dissoleucus Dissoleucus Common name: Venezuelan Pigmy Coral Snake

    Micrurus dissoleucus dunni Common name: Panama Pigmy Coral Snake, Dunns Pigmy Coral SnakeMicrurus dissoleucus melanogenys Common name: Santa Marta Pigmy Coral SnakeMicrurus dissoleucus meridensis Common name: Pigmy Coral SnakeMicrurus dissoleucus nigrirostris Common name: Barranquilla Pigmy Coral SnakeMicrurus distans Common name: West Mexican Coral Snake, Broad Banded Coral Snake, Clear BandedCoral Snake

    Subspecies:

  • 26

    Micrurus distans distans Common name: West Mexican Coral Snake, Common Clear Banded Coral Snake

    Micrurus distans michoacanensis Common name: Michoacan Coral Snake, Michoacan Clear Banded Coral Snake

    Micrurus distans oliveri Common name: Olivers Coral Snake, Colima Clear Banded Coral Snake

    Micrurus distans zweifeli Common name: Zweifelis Coral Snake,

    Micrurus dumerilii Common name: Dumeris Coral Snake, Capuchin Coral SnakeSubspecies:

    Micrurus dumerili antioquiensis Common name: Antioquain Coral SnakeMicrurus dumerili carinicaudusMicrurus carinicauda Common name: Common name: Rough tailed, Intermediate Capuchin Coral SnakeMicrurus dumerili colombianus Common name: Santa Marta Rough tailed Coral Snake , Santa Marta CapuchinCoral SnakeMicrurus dumerili dumerili Common name: Common Capuchin Coral Snake

    Micrurus dumerili transandinus Common name: Transandian Coral Snake , Transandean Capuchin Coral SnakeCoral SnakeMicrurus dumerili venezuelensis Common name:Micrurus elegans Common name: Elegant Coral SnakeSubspecies:

    Micrurus elegans elegans Common name: Western Elegant Coral SnakeMicrurus elegans veraepacis Common name: Guatemalan Elegant Coral Snake, Verapaz Elegant Coral SnakeMicrurus ephippifer Common name: Oaxacan Coral Snake, Double black coral snakeSubspecies:

    Micrurus ephippifer zapotecus Common name: Zapotec Coral SnakeMicrurus ephippifer ephippifer Common name: Tehuantepec Coral SnakeMicrurus filiformis Common name: Slender Coral Snake , Thread form Coral SnakeSubspecies:

    Micrurus filiformis filiformis Common name:Micrurus filiformis subtilis Common name:Micrurus frontalis Common name: Southern Coral Snake, Brazialian Giant Coral snake, Short tailed coralsnake

    Subspecies:

    Micrurus frontalis frontalis Common name:Micrurus frontalis brasiliensis Common name:Micrurus frontalis mesopotamicus Common name:Micrurus frontifasciatus Common name: Bolivian Coral Snake, Bolivian Triad Coral snake Subspecies:none

    Micrurus fulvius Common name: Eastern Coral Snake, Harlequin Coralsnake, North American coral snakeSubspecies: none

    Micrurus hemprichii Common name: Hemprich's Coral Snake, Worm eating coral snake, Coral LomriceraSubspecies:

  • 27

    Micrurus hemprichii hemprichii Common name: Eastern Worm eating coral snake, Lombricera OrientalMicrurus hemprichii ortoni Common name: Orton's Coral Snake, Western Worm eating coral snake, CoralLombricera OccidentalMicrurus hemprichii rondonianus Common name: Rondonian Coral Snake, Worm eating coral snakeMicrurus hippocrepis Common name: Mayan Coral Snake, Belize coral snake Subspecies: none

    Micrurus ibiboboca Common name: Caatinga Coral Snake, Ibiboboca Subspecies: none

    Micrurus isozonus Common name: Venezuelan Coral Snake, Equal banded Coral snake, Coral De FranjasIguales Subspecies: none

    Micrurus langsdorffi Common name: Langsdorff's Coral SnakeSubspecies:

    Micrurus langsdorffi langsdorffi Common name: Langsdorff's Coral Snake, Confused Coral snakeMicrurus langsdorffi ornatissimus Common name: Ornated Coral SnakeMicrurus laticollaris Common name: Balsan Coral Snake, Double Collar coral snakeSubspecies:

    Micrurus laticollaris laticollaris Common name: Eastern Double Collar coral snakeMicrurus laticollaris maculirostris Common name: Western Double Collar coral snake, Colima Coral snake

    Micrurus latifasciatus Common name: Broad-ringed Coral Snake, Long banded coral snake Subspecies:none

    Micrurus lemniscatus Common name: South American Coral Snake, Ribbon coral snake, Coral Acintada,Cobra Coral de Faixas

    Subspecies:

    Micrurus lemniscatus lemniscatus Common name: Guianas ribbon Coral Snake

    Micrurus lemniscatus carvalhoi Common name: Carvalhos Coral Snake,Brazilian ribon Coral SnakeMicrurus lemniscatus diutius Common name: Large Coral Snake,Trinidad ribbon Coral SnakeMicrurus lemniscatus frontifasciatus Common name:Micrurus lemniscatus helleri Common name: Hellers Coral Snake, Western ribbon Coral SnakeMicrurus limbatus Common name: Tuxtlan Coral SnakeSubspecies:

    Micrurus limbatus limbatus Common name: Tuxtlan BandedCoral SnakeMicrurus limbatus spilosomus Common name: Tuxtlan Spotted Coral SnakeMicrurus margaritiferus Common name: Speckled Coral Snake, Coral Salpicada Subspecies: noneMicrurus medemi-Common name: Subspecies: none

    Micrurus meridensis-Common name: Merida Pygmy coral snake, Candelilla Meridena Subspecies: noneMicrurus mertensi Common name: Mertens' Coral Snake, , Peruvian Desert coral snake, Villavicencio coralsnake Subspecies: none

    Micrurus mipartitus Common name: Redtail Coral Snake, Black-ringed coral snake, Rabo de CandelaSubspecies:

    Micrurus mipartitus mipartitus Common name: Pacific Redtail Coral SnakeMicrurus mipartitus anomalus Common name: Santa marta Redtail Coral SnakeMicrurus mipartitus decussatus Common name: Andean Redtail Coral Snake

  • 28

    Micrurus mipartitus poayanensiss Common name: Popayan Redtail Coral SnakeMicrurus mipartitus semipartitus Common name: Venezuelan Redtail Coral Snake

    Micrurus multifasciatus Common name: Many-banded Coral Snake, Garantilla Bicolor Coral snakeSubspecies:

    Micrurus multifasciatus multifasciatus Common name: Panama Garantilla, Panamanian GarantillaMicrurus multifasciatus hertwigi Common name: Hertwigs Coral Snake, Costa Rican Gargantilla

    Micrurus multiscutatus Common name: Cauca Coral Snake Subspecies: noneMicrurus narducciiCommon name: Andean Blackback Coral Snake

    Subspecies:

    Leptomicrurus narduccii narducciiLeptomicrurus narduccii melanotus

    Micrurus nebularis Common name: Cloud Forest Coral Snake, Nebina coral snake Subspecies: none

    Micrurus nigrocinctus Common name: Central American Coral Snake, Black banded coral snakeSubspecies:

    Micrurus nigrocinctus babaspul Common name: Babaspul Coral Snake, BabasulMicrurus nigrocinctus coibensis Common name: Coiban Coral SnakeMicrurus nigrocinctus divaricatus Common name: Honduras Coral SnakeMicrurus nigrocinctus mosquitensis Common name: Misquito Coral SnakeMicrurus nigrocinctus nigrocinctus Common name: Common Central American Coral Snake

    Micrurus nigrocinctus melanocephalus Common name: Black headed coral snakeMicrurus nigrocinctus ovandoensis Common name:Micrurus nigrocinctus ruatanus Common name:Micrurus nigrocinctus wagneri Common name:Micrurus nigrocinctus yatesi Common name:Micrurus nigrocinctus zunilensis Common name: Zunil Coral SnakeMicrurus pacaraimae-Common name: Subspecies: noneMicrurus pachecogili -Common name: Subspecies: noneMicrurus paraensis-Common name: Para coral snake Subspecies: noneMicrurus peruvianus Common name: Peruvian Coral Snake Subspecies: noneMicrurus petersi Common name: Peters' Coral Snake, Mountain coral snake Subspecies: noneMicrurus proximans Common name: Nayarit Coral Snake Subspecies: noneMicrurus psyches Common name: Carib Coral Snake, Northern coral snake, Coral Nortena, Cobra CoralSeptrional

    Subspecies:

    Micrurus psyches circinalis Common name:Micrurus psyches donosoi Common name: Micrurus psyches psyches Common name:Micrurus putumayensis Common name: Putumayo Coral Snake Subspecies: noneMicrurus pyrrhocryptus-Common name: Southern Coral Snake, Coral Surena, Cobra Coral Meridional,Argentinean Coral Snake Subspecies: none

  • 29

    Micrurus remotus-Common name: Remote Coral Snake Subspecies: noneMicrurus ruatanus Common name: Roatan Coral Snake Subspecies: noneMicrurus sangilensis Common name: Santander Coral Snake, San Gil Coral Snake, Coral SangilenseSubspecies: noneMicrurus scutiventris-Common name: Subspecies: noneMicrurus spixii Common name: Amazon Coral Snake, Spixs Coral SnakeSubspecies:

    Micrurus spixii spixii Common name: Central Amazon Coral SnakeMicrurus spixiii martiusi Common name: Black headed Amazonian Coral Snake, Martiuss Coral SnakeMicrurus spixii obscurus Common name: Black neck Amazonian Coral Snake, Micrurus spixii princeps Common name: Bolivian Amazonian Coral SnakeMicrurus spurelli -Common name: Colombian coral snake, Spurrells coral snake, Butterfly headed CoralSanke, Coral Cabeza Mariposa Subspecies: noneMicrurus steindachneri Common name: Steindachner's Coral Snake, Piedmont Coral snake, Coral deLaderas

    Micrurus steindachneri steindachneri Common name: Santiago Piedmont coral snake, Coral Santiaguena Montuna

    Micrurus steindachneri orcesi Common name: Pastaza Piedmont Coral Snake, Coral Montuna de PastazaMicrurus stewarti Common name: Panamenian Coral Snake Subspecies: noneMicrurus stuarti Common name: Stuart's Coral Snake, Volcano coral snake Subspecies: noneMicrurus surinamensis Common name: Aquatic Coral SnakeSubspecies:

    Micrurus surinamensis surinamensis Common name: Suriname coral snake, Amazonian Aquatic Coral SnakeMicrurus surinamensis nattereri Common name: Natterers Coral Snake, Venezuelan Aquatic Coral SnakeMicrurus tener Common name: Texas Coral Snake, Harlequin Coral snake, North American Coral SnakeSubspecies:

    Micrurus tener fitzingeri Common name: Fitzingers Coral Snake, Guanajuanto Coral snakeMicrurus tener maculatus Common name: Tampico Coral Snake,Micrurus tener microgalbineus Common name: Potosi Coral Snake, Spotted Coral snake,Micrurus tener tener Common name: Texas Coral SnakeMicrurus tricolor-Common name: Argentinean Coral Snake Subspecies: noneMicrurus tschudii Common name: Desert Coral SnakeSubspecies:Micrurus tschudii olssoni Common name: Northern Desert Coral Snake, Olssons Coral SnakeMicrurus tschudii tschudii Common name: Tschudis Coral Snake, Southern Desert Coral Snake

    Naja-African and asian cobrasNaja annulifera Common name: -Banded Egyptian cobraSubspecies:

    Naja annulifera annulifera

    Naja atra - Common name: Chinese Cobra Subspecies: noneNaja haje Common name: Egyptian Cobra

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    Subspecies:

    Naja haje hajeNaja haje anchietaeNaja haje arabicaNaja haje legionis(questionable subspecies)

    Naja kaouthia Common name: Monocled Cobra Subspecies: noneNaja katiensis - Common name: Mali Cobra Subspecies: noneNaja mandalayensis-Common name: Subspecies: noneNaja melanoleuca - Common name: Black and White Forest Cobra Subspecies: noneNaja mozambique Common name: Mozambique Spitting Cobra Subspecies: noneNaja naja Common name: Indian Cobra(Spectacled) Subspecies: noneNaja nigricollis Common name: Subspecies:

    Naja nigricollis nigricollis Common name: Black Necked Spitting Cobra Naja nigricollis nigricinctaNaja nigricollis woodiNaja nivea Common name: Cape Cobra Subspecies: noneNaja nubiae-Common name: Nubian Spitting Cobra Subspecies: noneNaja oxiana Common name: Central Asian Cobra Subspecies: noneNaja pallida Common name: Red Spitting Cobra Subspecies: noneNaja philippinensis Common name: Philippine Cobra Subspecies: noneNaja sagittifera-Common name: Subspecies: noneNaja samarensis- Common name: peters cobra, Samar Cobra, Visayan Cobra Subspecies: noneNaja siamensis- Common name: Indochinese spitting Cobra Subspecies: noneNaja sputatrix Common name: Indonesian Cobra Subspecies: noneNaja sumatrana Common name: Equatorial Spitting Cobra Subspecies: noneOphiophagusOphiophagus hannah-Common name-King Cobra, Hamadryad- Subspecies: noneParanajaParanaja multifasciata Common name: Many-banded Snake, Burrowing CobraSubspecies Paranaja multifasciata anomalaParanaja multifasciata duttoniParanaja multifasciata multifasciataPseudohajePseudohaje goldii Common name-Golds forest cobra- Subspecies: none

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    Pseudohaje nigra Common name-Hoodless cobra- Subspecies: none

    WalterinnesiaWalterinnesia aegyptia Common name-Desert cobra/Middle East Desert Black Snake- Subspecies: none

    Subfamily Hydrophiinae (Australasian and marine Elapids)

    AcalyptophisAcalyptophis peronii Common name: Spiny-headed seasnake Subspecies:none

    Acanthophis The taxonomy of Acanthophis remains largely unresolvedAcanthophis antarcticus Common name: Common death adderSubspecies: none widely recognised

    Acanthophis barnetti Common name: Subspecies: none Comment: Questionable species. Probablysynonymous to Acanthophis praelongus

    Acanthophis crotalusei Common name: Subspecies: none Comment: Questionable species. Thetaxonomy of Acanthophis remains largely unresolved

    Acanthophis cummingi Common name: Subspecies: none Questionable species. The taxonomy ofAcanthophis remains largely unresolved Acanthophis hawkei Common name: Subspecies: none Questionable species. The taxonomy ofAcanthophis remains largely unresolved

    Acanthophis praelongus Common name: Northern death adder Subspecies: none

    Acanthophis pyrrhus Common name: Desert Death Adder Subspecies: noneAcanthophis wellsei Common name: Pilbara Death Adder Subspecies: noneAcanthophis woolfi Common name: Subspecies: none Questionable species. The taxonomy of Acanthophisremains largely unresolved

    AipysurusAipysurus apraefrontalis Common name: Short-nosed Seasnake Subspecies: noneAipysurus duboisii Common name: Reef shallows seasnake Subspecies: noneAipysurus eydouxii Common name: Spine-tailed seasnake Subspecies: noneAipysurus foliosquama Common name: Leaf-scaled Seasnake Subspecies: noneAipysurus fuscus Common name: Dusky Seasnake Subspecies: noneAipysurus laevis Common name: Olive-brown seasnake Subspecies: noneAipysurus pooleorum Common name: Shark Bay Seasnake Subspecies: none

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    Aipysurus tenuis Common name: Arafura Sea Snake Subspecies: none

    Aspidomorphus lineaticollisAspidomorphus lineaticollis Common name: Striped crown snake Subspecies: noneAspidomorphus muelleri Common name: Mller's crown snakeSubspecies:

    Aspidomorphus muelleri interruptusAspidomorphus muelleri lineaticollisAspidomorphus muelleri lineatusAspidomorphus muelleri muelleri

    Aspidomorphus schlegeli Common name: Schlegel's crown snake Subspecies: none

    AstrotiaAstrotia stokesii Common name: Stoke's seasnake Subspecies: none

    AustrelapsAustrelaps labialis Common name: Pygmy Copperhead Subspecies: none

    Austrelaps ramsayi Common name: Highlands Copperhead Subspecies: none

    Austrelaps superbus Common name: Lowlands Copperhead, Copperhead Snake Subspecies:none

    CacophisCacophis churchilli Subspecies: noneCacophis harriettae Common name: White-crowned Snake, White-naped Snake Subspecies: noneCacophis krefftii Common name: Dwarf Crowned Snake, Krefft's Dwarf Snake Subspecies: noneCacophis squamulosus Common name: Golden Crowned Snake Subspecies: noneDemansiaDemansia atra Common name: Black whip snake Subspecies: noneDemansia calodera Common name: Black-necked Whipsnake Subspecies: noneDemansia olivacea Common name: Olive Whipsnake, Marble-headed Whip Snake Subspecies: noneDemansia papuensis Common name: Papuan whip snake Subspecies:

    Demansia papuensis melaenaDemansia papuensis papuensis

    Demansia psammophis Common name: Yellow-faced Whipsnake, Yellow-Faced Whip SnakeSubspecies:

    Demansia psammophis cupreicepsDemansia psammophis psammophisDemansia psammophis reticulata

    Demansia rufescens Common name: Rufous Whipsnake Subspecies: none

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    Demansia simplex Common name: Grey Whipsnake Subspecies: noneDemansia torquata Common name: Collared Whipsnake, Collared Whip Snake Subspecies: noneDemansia vestigiata Common name: Black Whipsnake Subspecies: noneDenisoniaDenisonia devisi Common name: De Vis's Banded Snake, De Vis Banded Snake Subspecies: none Denisonia maculata Common name: Ornamental Snake Subspecies: noneDisteiraDisteira kingii Common name: Spectacled or King's seasnake Subspecies: noneDisteira major Common name: Olive-headed or greater seasnake Subspecies: none Disteira nigrocincta Subspecies: noneDisteira walli Common name: Wall's Sea Snake Subspecies: noneDrysdaliaDrysdalia coronoides Common name: White-lipped Snake Subspecies: none

    Drysdalia mastersii Common name: Masters' Snake Subspecies: noneDrysdalia rhodogaster Common name: Mustard-bellied Snake Subspecies: noneEchiopsisEchiopsis curta Common name: Bardick Subspecies: noneElapognathusElapognathus coronata Common name: Crowned Snake Subspecies: noneElapognathus minor Common name: Short-nosed Snake, Little Brown Snake Subspecies: noneEmydocephalusEmydocephalus annulatus Common name: Turtle-headed seasnake Subspecies: noneEmydocephalus ijimae Common name: Turtlehead Sea Snake Subspecies: noneEnhydrinaEnhydrina schistosa Common name: Common or beaked seasnake Subspecies: noneEnhydrina zweifeli Common name: Sepik or Zweifel's beaked seasnake Subspecies: noneEphalophisEphalophis greyae Common name: North-western Mangrove Seasnake Subspecies: noneFurinaFurina barnardi Common name: Yellow-naped Snake Subspecies: noneFurina diadema Common name: Red-naped Snake Subspecies: noneFurina dunmalli Common name: Dunmall's Snake Subspecies: noneFurina ornata Common name: Orange-naped Snake Subspecies: noneFurina tristis Common name: Brown-headed or grey-naped snake Subspecies: none

  • 34

    HemiaspisHemiaspis damelii Common name: Grey Snake Subspecies: noneHemiaspis signata Common name: Marsh Snake, Swamp Snake, Black-bellied Swamp Snake Subspecies:none

    Hoplocephalus Common name: Australian Broad headed snakesHoplocephalus bitorquatus Common name: Pale-headed Snake Subspecies: noneHoplocephalus bungaroides Common name: Broad-headed Snake Subspecies: noneHoplocephalus stephensii Common name: Stephens's Banded Snake Subspecies: none

    HydrelapsHydrelaps darwiniensis Common name: Port Darwin seasnake Subspecies: none

    HydrophisHydrophis atriceps Common name: Black-headed seasnake Subspecies: noneHydrophis belcheri Common name: Faint-banded Seasnake Subspecies: noneHydrophis bituberculatus Common name: Peters' Sea Snake Subspecies: noneHydrophis brooki Subspecies noneHydrophis caerulescens Common name: Dwarf Seasnake Subspecies: noneHydrophis coggeri Common name: Slender-necked Seasnake Subspecies: noneHydrophis cyanocinctus Common name: Annulated Sea Snake Subspecies: noneHydrophis czeblukovi Common name: Fine-spined Seasnake Subspecies: noneHydrophis elegans Common name: Elegant or bar-bellied seasnake Subspecies: noneHydrophis fasciatus Common name: Striped Sea Snake Subspecies: noneHydrophis inornatus Common name: Plain Seasnake Subspecies: noneHydrophis klossi Common name: Kloss' Sea Snake Subspecies: noneHydrophis laboutei Subspecies: none Hydrophis lamberti Common name: Lambert's Sea Snake Subspecies: noneHydrophis lapemoides Common name: Persian Gulf Sea Snake Subspecies: noneHydrophis mamillaris Common name: Bombay Sea Snake Subspecies: noneHydrophis mcdowelli Common name: Small-headed or McDowell's seasnake Subspecies: noneHydrophis melanocephalus Common name: Slender-necked Seasnake Subspecies: noneHydrophis melanosoma Common name: Black-banded or robust seasnake Subspecies: noneHydrophis obscurus Common name: Russel's Sea Snake Subspecies: noneHydrophis ornatus Common name: Ornate Reef seasnakeSubspecies:

    Hydrophis ornatus godeffroyiHydrophis ornatus maresianusHydrophis ornatus ocellatusHydrophis ornatus ornatus

    Hydrophis pacificus Common name: Pacific seasnake Subspecies: none

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    Hydrophis parviceps Subspecies: noneHydrophis semperi Common name: Lake Taal Snake Subspecies: noneHydrophis sibauensis Subspecies: noneHydrophis spiralis Common name: Yellow Sea Snake Subspecies: none

    Hydrophis stricticollis Common name: Collared Sea Snake Subspecies: noneHydrophis torquatus Common name: West Coast Black-headed Sea SnakeSubspecies:

    Hydrophis torquatus aagaardiHydrophis torquatus diademaHydrophis torquatus torquatus

    Hydrophis vorisi Common name: Estuarine seasnake Subspecies: noneKeriliaKerilia jerdonii Common name: Jerdon's Sea SnakeSubspecies:

    Kerilia jerdonii jerdoniiKerilia jerdonii siamensis

    KolpophisKolpophis annandalei Common name: Bighead Sea Snake Subspecies: none

    LapemisLapemis curtus Common name: Shaw's Sea Snake Subspecies: noneLapemis hardwickii Common name: Hardwicke's spine-bellied seasnake Subspecies: noneLaticaudaLaticauda colubrina Common name: Yellow-lipped sea krait Subspecies: noneLaticauda crockeri Common name: Crocker's Sea Snake Subspecies: noneLaticauda laticaudata Common name: Common or blue-lipped sea kraitSubspecies:

    Laticauda laticaudata affinisLaticauda laticaudata laticaudataLaticauda laticaudata wolffi

    Laticauda schistorhynchus Common name: Flat-tail Sea Snake Subspecies: noneLaticauda semifasciata Common name: Chinese Sea Snake Subspecies: noneLoveridgelapsLoveridgelaps elapoides Common name: Solomon's small-eyed snake Subspecies: none

    Micropechis

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    Micropechis ikaheka Common name: New Guinea small-eyed or Ikaheka snake Subspecies: none

    NotechisNotechis ater Common name: Tiger snakes

    Subspecies:Notechis ater ater Common name: Finders black tiger snakeNotechis ater humphreysi Common name: King Island black tiger snakeNotechis ater niger Common name: Reevsby black tiger snake Notechis ater serventy Common name: Chappell Island tiger snake

    Notechis scutatus Subspecies:

    Notechis scutatus scutatus Common name: Eastern tiger snakeNotechis scutatus occidentalis Common name:Western tiger snake

    OgmodonOgmodon vitianus Common name: Fiji Cobra Subspecies: none

    OxyuranusOxyuranus microlepidotus Common name: Fierce Snake, Inland Taipan Subspecies: none

    Oxyuranus scutellatus Common name: Common Taipan Subspecies:Oxyuranus scutellatus scutellatus Common name:Eastern/Coastal TaipanOxyuranus scutellatus canni Common name:Papuan/New Guinea Taipan

    ParahydrophisParahydrophis mertoni Common name: Arafura smooth or northern mangrove seasnake Subspecies:none

    ParapistocalamusParapistocalamus hedigeri Common name: Bougainville or Hediger's coral snake Subspecies: noneParoplocephalusParoplocephalus atriceps Common name: Lake Cronin Snake Supspecies: nonePelamisPelamis platurus Common name: Yellowbelly Sea Snake Subspecies: none

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    PseudechisPseudechis australis Common name: King brown or mulga snake Subspecies: none(Pailsus pailsei may bea syn.)

    Pseudechis butleri Common name: Spotted Mulga Snake, Butler's Snake Subspecies: none

    Pseudechis colletti Common name: Collett's Snake Subspecies: none

    Pseudechis guttatus Common name: Spotted Black Snake, Blue-bellied Black Snake Subspecies: none

    Pseudechis papuanus Common name: Papuan blacksnake Subspecies: nonePseudechis porphyriacus Common name: Red-bellied Black Snake Subspecies: none

    Pseudonaja Brown snakesPseudonaja affinis Common name: DugiteSubspecies:

    Pseudonaja affinis affinis Common name:Pseudonaja affinis exilis Common name:Pseudonaja affinis tanneri Common name:

    Pseudonaja guttata Common name: Speckled Brown Snake Subspecies: nonePseudonaja inframacula Common name: Peninsula Brown Snake Subspecies:nonePseudonaja ingrami Common name: Ingram's Brown Snake Subspecies:nonePseudonaja modesta Common name: Ringed Brown Snake Subspecies:nonePseudonaja nuchalis Common name: Gwardar, Western Brown Snake Subspecies: nonePseudonaja textilis Common name: Eastern Brown snake Subspecies:none

    RhinoplocephalusRhinoplocephalus bicolor Common name: Square-nosed Snake, Muller's Snake Subspecies: noneRhinoplocephalus boschmai Common name: Carpentaria whip snake Subspecies: noneRhinoplocephalus incredibilis Subspecies: noneRhinoplocephalus nigrescens Common name: Small-eyed Snake, Eastern Small-eyed Snake, Short-tailed Snake Subspecies: noneRhinoplocephalus nigrostriatus Common name: Black-striped snake Subspecies: noneRhinoplocephalus pallidiceps Common name: Western Carpentaria Snake, Northern Small-eyed SnakeSubspecies: none

    SalomonelapsSalomonelaps par Common name: Solomons coral snake Subspecies: none

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    SimoselapsSimoselaps anomalus Common name: Northern Desert Banded Snake Subspecies: noneSimoselaps approximans Common name: North-western Shovel-nosed Snake Subspecies: noneSimoselaps australis Common name: Eastern Shovel-nosed Snake, Coral Snake, Australian Coral SnakeSubspecies: noneSimoselaps bertholdi Common name: Southern Desert Banded Snake, Desert Banded Snake Subspecies:none

    Simoselaps bimaculatus Common name: Black-naped Burrowing Snake, Western Black-naped SnakeSubspecies: none

    Simoselaps calonotus Common name: Black-striped Burrowing Snake, Western Black-striped SnakeSubspecies: noneSimoselaps fasciolatus Common name: Narrow-banded Shovel-nosed Snake, Narrow-banded BurrowingSnakeSubspecies:

    Simoselaps fasciolatus fasciolatusSimoselaps fasciolatus fasciatus

    Simoselaps incinctus Common name: Unbanded Shovel-nosed Snake Subspecies: noneSimoselaps littoralis Common name: West-Coast Banded Snake, Coastal Burrowing Snake Subspecies:none

    Simoselaps minimus Common name: Dampierland Burrowing Snake Subspecies: noneSimoselaps morrisi Common name: Subspecies: noneSimoselaps roperi Common name: Northern Shovel-nosed Snake Subspecies: noneSimoselaps semifasciatus Subspecies:

    Simoselaps semifasciatus campbelliSimoselaps semifasciatus semifasciatusSimoselaps semifasciatus woodjonesii

    Simoselaps warro Common name: North-eastern Plain-nosed, Burrowing Snake, Robust Burrowing SnakeSubspecies: none

    SutaSuta dwyeri Common name: Variable Black-naped Snake Subspecies: noneSuta fasciata Common name: Rosen's Snake Subspecies: none Suta flagellum Common name: Whip Hooded Snake Subspecies: noneSuta gouldii Common name: Gould's Hooded Snake, Black-headed Snake Subspecies: noneSuta monachus Common name: Monk Snake, Hooded Snake Subspecies: noneSuta nigriceps Common name: Mallee Black-backed Snake Subspecies: noneSuta ordensis Common name: Ord Curl Snake Subspecies: none Suta punctata Common name: Spotted Snake, Little Spotted Snake Subspecies: noneSuta spectabilis Common name: Spectacled Hooded SnakeSubspecies:

  • 39

    Suta spectabilis bushiSuta spectabilis nullarborSuta spectabilis spectabilis

    Suta suta Common name: Curl Snake, Myal Snake Subspecies: noneThalassophinaThalassophina viperina Subspecies: none

    ThalassophisThalassophis anomalus Common name: Anomalous Sea Snake Subspecies: none

    ToxicocalamusToxicocalamus buergersi Common name: Buerger's forest snake Subspecies: noneToxicocalamus grandis Common name: Setekwa River forest snake Subspecies: none

    Toxicocalamus holopelturus Common name: Mt Rossel forest snake Subspecies: noneToxicocalamus longissimus Common name: Woodlark or Fergusson Island forest snake Subspecies:none

    Toxicocalamus loriae Common name: Loria forest snake Subspecies: noneToxicocalamus misimae Common name: Misima Island forest snake Subspecies: noneToxicocalamus preussiSubspecies:

    Toxicocalamus preussi angusticinctusToxicocalamus preussi preussi

    Toxicocalamus spilolepidotus Common name: Spotted forest snake Subspecies: none

    Toxicocalamus stanleyanus Common name: Owen Stanley Range forest snake Subspecies: none

    TropidechisTropidechis carinatus Common name: Rough-scaled Snake, Clarence River Snake Subspecies:none

    VermicellaVermicella annulata Common name: Eastern Bandy-bandy, Bandy Bandy Subspecies: noneVermicella intermedia Common name: Subspecies: noneVermicella multifasciata Common name: Northern Bandy Bandy Subspecies: noneVermicella snelli Common name: Subspecies: noneVermicella vermiformis Common name: Subspecies: none

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    Family: Colubridae(in this section various rear-fanged will be listed, however: NOTE: not exhaustive taking into

    consideration toxic salvia or oral secretions)(The arrangement of Colubridae is currently suited to common usage, however, changes in the

    entire Family and subfamilies are inevitable in the future, thus changing this arrangement)

    Subfamily ColubrinaeBoigaBoiga blandingii Common name: Blandings Tree Snake Subspecies:noneBoiga ceylonesisCommon name: Sri Lanken Cat Snake Subspecies:noneBoiga dendrophila-common name: Mangrove snake Subspecies:noneBoga forsteni Common name: Forstens Cat Snake Subspecies:noneBoiga irregularis common name: Brown tree snake/Brown Cat snake Subspecies:noneDispholidus common name:BoomslangDispholidus typus common name: Boomslang

    Thelotornis common name:Vine snakesThelotornis capensis

    Subspecies:

    Thelotornis capensis capensis

    Thelotornis capensis oatesiThelotornis capensis schilsi

    Thelotornis kirtlandii Common name: Bird Snake, Twig Snake Subspecies: none

    Thelotornis mossambicanus Common name: Subspecies: none Thelotornis usambaricus Common name: Subspecies: none

    Subfamily Natricinae

    RhabdophisRhabdophis subminatus Common name: Red necked keelback Subspecies: noneRhabdophis tigrinus Common name: Yamakagashi Subspecies: none

    Subfamily Psammophiinae

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    MalpolonMalpolon monspessulanus common name: Montpelier snakeMalpolon moilensis common name: African hooded Malopon

    Subfamily Xenodontinae

    Elapomorphus

    Elapomorphus lepidus Common name: Minas Gerais Snake Subspecies: noneElapomorphus quinquelineatus Common name: Raddi's Lizard-eating Snake Subspecies: noneElapomorphus spegazzinii Common name: Spegazzini's Diadem SnakeSubspecies:

    Elapomorphus spegazzinii spegazzinii

    Elapomorphus spegazzinii suspectusElapomorphus wuchereri Common name: Wucherer's Lizard-eating Snake Subspecies: none

    HydroynastesHydrodynastes gigas common name: False water cobra Subspecies:noneHydrodynastes bicinctuscommon name: Subspecies:nonePhalotriss Common name: Dumeril's Diadem SnakeSubspecies:Phalotris lemniscatus lemniscatusPhalotris lemniscatus divittatusPhalotris lemniscatus iheringiPhalotris lemniscatus trilineatus

    PhilodryasPhilodryas aestivus Common name: Brazilian Green Racer, Common Green RacerSubspecies:

    Philodryas aestivus aestivusPhilodryas aestivus subcarinatus

    Philodryas arnaldoi Common name: Arnaldo's Green Racer Subspecies: nonePhilodryas baroni Common name: Baron's Green Racer Subspecies: none Philodryas bolivianus Common name: Subspecies: nonePhilodryas chamissonis Common name: Chilean Green Racer Subspecies: nonePhilodryas cordatus Common name: Subspecies: nonePhilodryas hoodensis Common name: Subspecies: none

  • 42

    Philodryas inca Common name: Tropical Green Racer Subspecies: nonePhilodryas laticeps Common name: Subspecies: nonePhilodryas livida Common name: Subspecies: nonePhilodryas mattogrossensis Common name: Miranda Green Racer Subspecies: none Philodryas nattereri Common name: Paraguay Green Racer Subspecies: nonePhilodryas olfersii Common name: Lichtenstein's Green RacerSubspecies:

    Philodryas olfersii herbeusPhilodryas olfersii latirostris

    Philodryas oligolepis Common name: Gomes' Green Racer Subspecies: nonePhilodryas patagoniensis Common name: Patagonia Green Racer Subspecies: nonePhilodryas psammophideus Common name: Gnther's Green Racer Subspecies: nonePhilodryas simonsii Common name: Subspecies: nonePhilodryas tachymenoides Common name: Schmidt's Green Racer Subspecies: nonePhilodryas trilineatus Common name: Subspecies: none

    Philodryas varius Common name: Jan's Green Racer Subspecies: nonePhilodryas viridissimus Common name: Common Green Racer Subspecies: none

    Tachymenis

    Tachymenis affinis Common name: Boulenger's Slender Snake Subspecies:noneTachymenis attenuata Common name: Walker's Slender SnakeSubspecies:

    Tachymenis attenuata attenuataTachymenis attenuata boliviana

    Tachymenis chilensis Common name: Chilean Slender SnakeSubspecies:

    Tachymenis chilensis chilensisTachymenis chilensis coronellina

    Tachymenis elongata Common name: Depax's Slender Snake Subspecies:none

    Tachymenis peruviana Common name: Peru Slender Snake Subspecies:none

    Tachymenis surinamensis Common name: Subspecies:none

    Tachymenis tarmensis Common name: Slender Snake Subspecies:none

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    In Addition:Some other Colubrid snakes have toxic oral secretions, used during the biting process but fangs(front) arenot used. Some of these species may be able to cause serious injury to humans. This list is not exhaustiveand most Colubrids may have some chance of causing at least local envenoming by toxic oral secretions.

    Various Colubrid snakes capable of causing some degree of envenoming (this list isnot exhaustive).

    Ahaetulla nasuta Common name:Asian green whipsnake

    Amplorhinus multimaculatus Common name:African many spotted snake

    Balanophis ceylonensis Common name:Sri Lankan keelback

    Boiga spp. ( blandingii, ceylonensis, dendrophila, forsteni) Common name:Tree snakes from Africa & Asia

    Cerberus rhynchops Common name:Indian dog faced water snake

    Coluber spp. ( ravergieri, rhodorachis) Common name:African racer

    Crotaphopeltis hotamboeia Common name:African herald snake

    Enhydris enhydris Common name:Asian rainbow water snake

    Madagascarophis meridionalis Common name:Madagascan snake

    Malpolon moilensis Common name:African hooded malpolon

    Psammophis sibilans Common name:African sand snake

    Psammophylax spp. Common name:African skaapstekers

    Telescopus semiannulatus Common name: African tiger snake

    FamilyAtractaspididae( Mole vipers/Stiletto snakes)Subfamily Atractaspidinae

    Atractaspis-African mole or side fanged vipersAtractaspis aterrimaCommon name: Mole Viper Subspecies: noneAtractaspis battersbyiCommon name: Mole Viper Subspecies: noneAtractaspis bibronii Common name: Southern Or Bibron's Burrowing AspSubspecies:

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    Atractaspis bibroni bibroniAtractaspis bibroni rostrata

    Atractaspis boulengeri Common name: Mole ViperSubspecies:

    Atractaspis boulengeri boulengeriAtractaspis boulengeri mixtaAtractaspis boulengeri schmidtiAtractaspis boulengeri schultzeiAtractaspis boulengeri vanderborghtiAtractaspis boulengeri matschiensis

    Atractaspis coalescens Common name: Mole Viper Subspecies: none

    Atractaspis congica Common name: orientalis: Eastern Congo Burrowing AspSubspecies:

    Atractaspis congica congicaAtractaspis congica leleupiAtractaspis congica orientalis

    Atractaspis corpulenta Common name: Mole ViperSubspecies:

    Atractaspis corpulenta corpulentaAtractaspis corpulenta kivuensisAtractaspis corpulenta leucura

    Atractaspis dahomeyensis Common name: Mole Viper Subspecies: none

    Atractaspis duerdeni Common name: Duerden's Or Beaked Burrowing Asp Subspecies: none

    Atractaspis engaddensis Common name: Mole Viper Subspecies: none

    Atractaspis engdahli Common name: Mole Viper Subspecies: none

    Atractaspis fallax Common name: Mole Viper Subspecies: none

    Atractaspis irregularis Common name: Mole Viper

  • 45

    Subspecies:

    Atractaspis irregularis angeliAtractaspis irregularis bipostocularisAtractaspis irregularis conradsiAtractaspis irregularis irregularisAtractaspis irregularis parkeriAtractaspis irregularis uelensis

    Atractaspis leucomelas Common name: Mole Viper Subspecies: none

    Atractaspis microlepidota Common name: Mole ViperSubspecies:

    Atractaspis microlepidota andersoniiAtractaspis microlepidota magrettiiAtractaspis microlepidota microlepidota

    Atractaspis micropholis Common name: Mole Viper Subspecies: none

    Atractaspis reticulata Common name: Mole ViperSubspecies:

    Atractaspis reticulata brieniAtractaspis reticulata heterochilusAtractaspis reticulata reticulata

    Atractaspis scorteccii Common name: Mole Viper Subspecies: none

    Subfamily Aparallactinae

    AmblyodipsasAmblyodipsas concolor Common name: Natal Purple-glossed Snake Subspecies: noneAmblyodipsas dimidiata Common name: Mpwapwa Purple-glossed Snake Subspecies: noneAmblyodipsas katangensis Common name: Katanga Purple-glossed SnakeSubspecies:

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    Amblyodipsas katangensis katangensisAmblyodipsas katangensis ionidesi

    Amblyodipsas microphthalma Common name: Eastern Purple-glossed Snake Subspecies: none

    Amblyodipsas polylepis Subspecies:

    Amblyodipsas polylepis polylepisAmblyodipsas polylepis hildebrandtii

    Amblyodipsas rodhaini Common name: Rodhain's Purple-glossed Snake Subspecies: none

    Amblyodipsas teitana Common name: Teitana Purple-glossed Snake Subspecies: none

    Amblyodipsas unicolor Common name: Dull Purple-glossed Snake Subspecies: none

    Amblyodipsas ventrimaculata Common name: Kalahari Purple-glossed Snake Subspecies: none

    AparallactusAparallactus capensis Common name: Cape Centipede EaterSubspecies:

    Aparallactus capensis bocageiAparallactus capensis capensisAparallactus capensis luebbertiAparallactus capensis punctatolineatus

    Aparallactus guentheri Common name: Black Centipede Eater Subspecies: none

    Aparallactus jacksonii Subspecies: Aparallactus lineatus Common name: Lined Centipede-eater Subspecies: none

    Aparallactus lunulatus Common name: Reticulated Centipede EaterSubspecies:

    Aparallactus lunulatus lunulatusAparallactus lunulatus nigrocollarisAparallactus lunulatus scortecci

    Aparallactus modestus Common name: Western Forest Centipede-eaterSubspecies:

    Aparallactus modestus modestusAparallactus modestus ubangensis

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    Aparallactus moeruensis Common name: Zaire Centipede-eater. Subspecies: none

    Aparallactus niger Common name: Subspecies: none

    Aparallactus nigriceps Common name: Mozambique Centipede Eater Subspecies: none

    Aparallactus turneri Common name: Malindi Centipede-eater Subspecies: none

    Aparallactus werneri Common name: Usambara Centipede-eater Subspecies: none

    BrachyophisBrachyophis revoili Common name: Revoil's Short SnakeSubspecies:

    Brachyophis revoili revoiliBrachyophis revoili corniiBrachyophis revoili krameri

    ChilorhinophisChilorhinophis butleri Common name: Butler's Two-headed Snake Subspecies: none Chilorhinophis carpenteri Common name: Liwale Two-headed SnakeSubspecies:

    Chilorhinophis carpenteri liwalensisChilorhinophis carpenteri carpenteri

    Chilorhinophis gerardi Common name: Gerard's Black And Yellow Burrowing SnakeSubspecies:

    Chilorhinophis gerardi tanganyikaeChilorhinophis gerardi gerardi

    HypoptophisHypoptophis wilsoni Common name: African Bighead Snake Subspecies: none

    MicrelapsMicrelaps bicoloratus Common name: Kenya Two-headed SnakeSubspecies:

    Micrelaps bicoloratus bicoloratusMicrelaps bicoloratus moyeri

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    Micrelaps muelleri Subspecies:none

    Macrelaps microlepidotus Common name: Natal Black Snake Subspecies: none

    Micrelaps vaillanti Subspecies: none

    ElapotinusElapotinus picteti Common name: Jan's Snake Subspecies: none

    PolemonPolemon acanthias Common name: Reinhardt's Snake-eater Subspecies: none

    Polemon barthii Common name: Guinea Snake-eater Subspecies: none

    Polemon bocourti Common name: Bocourt's Snake-eater Subspecies: none

    Polemon christyi Common name: Eastern Snake-eater Subspecies: none

    Polemon collaris Common name: Collared Snake-eaterSubspecies:

    Polemon collaris breviorPolemon collaris collarisPolemon collaris longior

    Polemon fulvicollis Common name: African Snake-eaterSubspecies:

    Polemon fulvicollis fulvicollisPolemon fulvicollis gracilisPolemon fulvicollis graueriPolemon fulvicollis laurenti

    Polemon gabonensis Common name: Gaboon Snake-eaterSubspecies:

    Polemon gabonensis gabonensisPolemon gabonensis schmidti

    Polemon gracilis Common name: Graceful Snake-eater Subspecies: none

    Polemon griseiceps Common name: Cameroon Snake-eater Subspecies: none

    Polemon leopoldi Subspecies: none

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    Polemon neuwiedi Common name: Ivory Coast Snake-eater Subspecies: none

    Polemon notatum Subspecies:

    Polemon notatum notatumPolemon notatum aemulans

    Polemon robustus Common name: Zaire Snake-eater Subspecies: none

    XenocalamusXenocalamus bicolor

    Subspecies:

    Xenocalamus bicolor australisXenocalamus bicolor bicolorXenocalamus bicolor concavorostralisXenocalamus bicolor lineatusXenocalamus bicolor machadoiXenocalamus bicolor maculatusXenocalamus bicolor pernasutus

    Xenocalamus mechowii Common name: Elongate Quill-snouted SnakeSubspecies:

    Xenocalamus mechowi inornatusXenocalamus mechowi mechowi

    Xenocalamus michellii Common name: Michell's Quill-snouted Snake Subspecies: noneXenocalamus sabiensis Common name: Sabi Quill-snouted Snake Subspecies: noneXenocalamus transvaalensis Common name: Transvaal Quill-snouted Snake Subspecies: none

    Family Helodermatidae (Venomous Lizards)

    HelodermaHeloderma horridum Common name: Beaded LizardSubspecies:

    Heloderma horridum horridumHeloderma horridum alvarezi

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    Heloderma horridum exasperatumHeloderma horridum charlesbogerti

    Heloderma suspectum Common name: Gila MonsterSubspecies:Heloderma suspectum cinctumHeloderma suspectum suspectum