VENEZUELA Humanitarian Access...2020/02/06 · Caracas 75 municipalities in Ciudad Guayana Field...

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HUMANITARIAN ACCESS CONSTRAINTS

KEY MESSAGES

METHODOLOGY

SEVERITY OF CONSTRAINTS

IMPACT• Temporary suspension of / delay and reprogramming of

missions, activities and operations

• Permanent suspension / cancelling of operations and missions

• Absence of legal security

• Security risks for humanitarian actors

• Reduction in or partial delivery of assistance

• Increase in operational cost

• Challenges for project design and resource mobilization

• Lack of coordination and communication with authorities, the affected population and humanitarian personnel in the field

Insufficient funding of the humanitarian response limits its scale up and the delivery of essential goods and services. Thirty four per cent of the US$223 million required was received for the implementation of the Humanitarian Response Plan (July-December 2019)

The politicization of humanitarian assistance has had a negative impact on the acceptance of aid and stresses the importance of ensuring the respect for humanitarian principles by all stakeholders, at all levels.

Logistical impediments across the country, due to the lack of fuel and the functioning of basic services such as electricity, transportation and telecommunications, limit the capacity of humanitarian organizations to reach vulnerable populations, as well as the access of these populations to humanitarian assistance and services.

The denial of the existence of humanitarian needs is a challenge for the work of humanitarian actors in some areas, and impacts the ability of collecting the necessary data to design appropriate interventions.

Bureaucratic impediments affect the entry of organizations, personnel and goods into the country, especially for international NGOs, and limit operations and movements within the country.

The presence of irregular armed groups in some areas and popular demonstrations impact humanitarian access to vulnerable populations.

Denial of the existence of humanitarian needs or the right to assistance

Diversion or interference in the delivery of aid and the implementation of

humanitarian activities

Popular protests

Restrictions of affected populations’ access to services and assistance

Incidents against humanitarian goods, installations and personnel

Bureaucratic impediments

Restrictions related to climate, terrain, goods or lack of infrastructure

Insecurity

Note: % of survey respondents who indicated this constraint as one of the main ones they face

67%

63%

57%

53%

47%

30%

27%

7%

WORKSHOPS WITH HUMANITARIAN ACTORS

NATIONALSURVEY

31 responses

27 organizations 159participants repre-senting humanitarian partners

5 regional workshops (San Cristobal, Ciudad Guayana, Maracaibo, Caracas y Santa Ana de Coro)

(September 2019) (September-October 2019)

Areas with occasional access constraints

Areas with regular access constraints

Areas with high access constraints

Areas without enough information

61%39%

70% 30%335 municipalities

99 municipalities without information about access

236 municipalities with information about access

The operational capacity of humanitarian actors has increased in 2019 with over 75 organizations operating in 231 municipalities in all 24 states. As the response has expanded, humanitarian actors have been confronted with several challenges in terms of access to the most vulnerable people. The main challenges are:

VENEZUELAHumanitarian AccessAs of December 2019

VENEZUELAHumanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in MaracaiboAs of December 2019

VENEZUELAHumanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in CaracasAs of December 2019

VENEZUELAHumanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in San CristóbalAs of December 2019

VENEZUELAHumanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in Ciudad GuayanaAs of December 2019

Creation date: 10 de diciembre de 2019 Sources: Workshop in the �eld coordination hubs and access survey. Feedback: [email protected] www.unocha.org/venezuelawww.humanitarianresponse.org/operations/venezuela

The boundaries, names and designations used do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.Creation date: 05 February, 2020 Sources: Workshops in the field coordination hubs and access survey. Feedback: [email protected] www.unocha.org/venezuela www.humanitarianresponse.org/operations/venezuela







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!\DISTRITOCAPITAL

AMAZONAS

ANZOÁTEGUI

APURE

ARAGUA

BARINAS

BOLÍVAR

CARABOBO

COJEDES

FALCÓN

GUÁRICO

LARA

MÉRIDA

MIRANDA

MONAGAS

NUEVAESPARTA

PORTUGUESA

SUCRE

TÁCHIRA

TRUJILLO

YARACUY

ZULIA

DELTAAMACURO

Aruba

GrenadaCuracao

Severity of Access Constraints

Lago de Maracaibo

Mar Caribe

Severity of access constraints





Admin 1 borders

Admin 2 borders

!\ Capital District

VENEZUELAAs of December 2019


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ANZOATEGUI

APURE

BARINAS

BOLIVAR

FALCON

LARA

MERIDA

TRUJILLO

ZULIA

DISTRITOCAPITAL

ARAGUA

CARABOBO

COJEDES

GUARICO

MIRANDA

PORTUGUESA

YARACUY

VARGAS

MaracayValencia

SanCarlos

San Juande losMorros

Los Teques

Guanare

La Guaira

SanFelipe

38 participants representing humanitarian partners

2 workshops(Maracaibo y Santa Ana de Coro)

29participants representing humanitarian partners

16 organizations


12 organizations






23 organizations







SEVERITY OF ACCESS CONSTRAINTS

78 municipalities in the San Cristobal Field Coordination Hub



68%

87%

13%

San Cristobal

32%

75 municipalities in the Maracaibo Field Coordination Hub



93% 7%

63%37%

Maracaibo

107 municipalities in the Caracas Field Coordination Hub



64% 36%

59%41%

Caracas

75 municipalities in Ciudad Guayana Field Coordination Hub



59% 41%

32%68%

Ciudad Guayana





















52%48%




Nacional


KEY ACCESS CONSTRAINTS

METHODOLOGY


Insecurity Restrictions of affected populations’ access to services and assistance

Denial of the existence of humanitarian needs or right to assistance

Mapas CCTs

Ciudad Guayana

Maracaibo San Cristobal

Caracas







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!\DISTRITOCAPITAL

AMAZONAS

APURE

ARAGUA

BARINAS

CARABOBO

GUARICO

MIRANDA

VARGAS

ANZOATEGUI

BOLIVAR

MONAGAS

NUEVAESPARTA

SUCRE

DELTAAMACURO

Barcelona

CiudadBolivar

Tucupita

Maturin

Cumana

La Asuncion

Brasil

Colombia




16 organizations


12 organizations






23 organizations

KEY ACCESS CONSTRAINTS





68%

87%

13%

San Cristobal

32%




93% 7%

63%37%

Maracaibo




64% 36%

59%41%

Caracas




59% 41%

32%68%

Ciudad Guayana





















52%48%




Nacional

METHODOLOGY









Popular protestsConstraints related to climate, terrain, goods or lack of infrastructure


Mapas CCTs

Ciudad Guayana


Caracas







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BARINAS

FALCON

LARA

MERIDA

TACHIRA

TRUJILLO

ZULIA

ARAGUA

CARABOBO

COJEDES

GUARICO

PORTUGUESA

YARACUY

Coro

Trujillo

Maracaibo

Barquisimeto

Niveles de Severidad de Acceso HumanitarioCentro de Coordinación en Maracaibo Octubre de 2019

Creation date: 10 Octubre de 2019 Sources: Talleres en centros de coordinación en terreno Feedback: [email protected]/venezuela www.reliefweb.int

Mar Caribe

ivel de Severidad de cceso HumanitarioZonas accesibles

Zonas moderadamente accesibles

Zonas con altas limitaciones de acceso

Zonas sin información suficiente

Límite de Estados

Límite de Municipios

! Capital de Estado

VENEZUELA BORRADOR PARA USO INTERNO - NO DISTRIBUIR

Lago de Maracaibo




16 organizations


12 organizations






23 organizations




68%

87%

13%

San Cristobal

32%




93% 7%

63%37%

Maracaibo




64% 36%

59%41%

Caracas




59% 41%

32%68%

Ciudad Guayana





















52%48%




Nacional








METHODOLOGY








Mapas CCTs

Ciudad Guayana


Caracas

KEY ACCESS CONSTRAINTSBureaucratic impediments

Constraints related to climate, terrain, goods or lack of infrastructure


Diversion or interference in the delivery of aid and implementation of activities

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16 organizations


12 organizations






23 organizations










68%

87%

13%

San Cristobal

32%




93% 7%

63%37%

Maracaibo




64% 36%

59%41%

Caracas




59% 41%

32%68%

Ciudad Guayana





















52%48%




Nacional

SEVERITY OF CONSTRAINTS METHODOLOGY








!

!

!!

!

ANZOATEGUI

ARAGUA

BOLiIVAR

COJEDES

GUARICO

LARAMONAGAS

PORTUGUESA

TACHIRA

TRUJILLOZULIA

AMAZONAS

APURE

BARINASMERIDA

PuertoAyacucho

San Fernandode Apure

BarinasMerida

SanCristobal

Niveles de Severidad de Acceso HumanitarioCentro de Coordinación en San Cristóbal Octubre de 2019

Creation date: 10 Octubre de 2019 Sources: Talleres en centros de coordinación en terreno Feedback: [email protected]/venezuela www.reliefweb.int

VENEZUELA BORRADOR PARA USO INTERNO - NO DISTRIBUIR

Mapas CCTs

Ciudad Guayana


Caracas

KEY ACCESS CONSTRAINTSBureaucratic impediments

Movement restrictions within the country

Constraints related to climate, terrain, goods or lack of infrastructure


Restrictions of affected populations ‘access to services and assistance

Insecurity

Popular protests

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KEY RECOMMENDATIONS

MONITORING AND ANALYSIS

OPERATIONS

ADVOCACY

COORDINATION







Develop geographical analysis of access severity, extending it to areas without enough information and disaggregating it to the parish administrative level in certain areas.

Establish a system for the monitoring and reporting of humanitarian access constraints to strengthen advocacy.

Develop strategic alliances, particularly with community level actors, to facilitate access.

Promote joint missions to mitigate problems related to transportation and fuel.

Develop joint humanitarian action, based on humanitarian principles, to depolticize aid and increase acceptance and trust among all stakeholders.

Strengthen coordinated advocacy at the country and field coordination hub level with all stakeholders to mitigate constraints and facilitate access to the most vulnerable populations at the national and field coordination hub level

Strengthen information exchange on access constraints and their solutions among humanitarian actors in each field coordination hub.

Use existing coordination structures to share information and develop joint actions on humanitarian access.

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Access constraint Description – Sub-categories

Bureaucratic impediments for humanitarian personnel and goods

• Constraints for humanitarian staff to enter the country• Constraints for humanitarian goods to enter the country• Long and excessive procedures; frequent changes in

procedures• Constraints for the registration or the updating of the

registration of humanitarian organizations• Financial transaction constraints• Lack of authorization for the movement of humanitarian

actors and goods

Denial of the existence of humanitarian needs or the right to assistance by stakeholders

• Restrictions in accessing data on humanitarian needs• Restrictions in entering or meeting with certain institutions or

centres• Rejection of projects or support for humanitarian actors

Logistical constraints related to climate, terrain, goods or lack of infrastructure

• Fuel shortages• Interruptions in the provision of public services (electricity,

water, telecommunications, gas)• Lack of access to areas due to a deterioration in road

conditions

Insecurity and/or military operations

• Crossfire or shooting• Insecurity due to the presence of irregular armed groups or

criminality• Presence of mines, explosive devices


• Lack of transportation or access to services and assistance • Lack of information on how to access services and assistance• Insecurity in the community / on the way to access services

and assistance

Physical restrictions on the movement of humanitarian actors and goods within the country

• Checkpoints• Demonstrations or roadblocks by populations• Lack of access to areas due to climatic conditions

Diversion or interference in the delivery of aid and implementation of activitiess

• Diversion of aid• Interference or attempted interference in the delivery of aid

(selection of beneficiaries, selection of staff, selection of vendors)

Incidents against humanitarian goods, installations and personnel

• Incidents against humanitarian personnel (hostile surveillance and intimidation, ambush, kidnapping, detention or interrogation, physical, sexual or verbal assault, extorsion, fraud)

• Incidents against humanitarian facilities and assets (looting, theft)

DEFINITIONS OF HUMANITARIAN ACCESS CONSTRAINTS IN VENEZUELA

The following table outlines categories and sub-categories of access constraints in the country. This framework of analysis was updated to reflect the results of the workshops.

VENEZUELA Humanitarian Access...2020/02/06 · Caracas 75 municipalities in Ciudad Guayana Field...

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