Venae Cavae and Tributaries

Venae Cavae and TributariesSuperior vena cava returns blood from body regions superior to the diaphragm

Inferior vena cava returns blood from body regions inferior to the diaphragm

Superior and inferior vena cavajoin the right atriumAbdominal Cavity Vasculature

Figure 19.18

Major Veins of the Systemic CirculationFigure 19.20bVeins of the Head and NeckDural SinusesSuperior and inferior sagittal sinuses

Straight sinus

Transverse sinuses

Sigmoid sinus

Figure 19.20aVeins of the Head and NeckVenous drainageInternal jugular veins

External jugular veins

Vertebral veinsVeins of the Upper LimbsDeep Veins - follow the paths of companion arteries- have the same names as the companion arteries

Superficial veins - visible beneath the skin- Cephalic vein- Basilic vein- Median cubital vein- Median vein of the forearm

Veins of the Right LimbFigure 19.21aAntecubital FossaForm anastomese frequently

Median cubital vein - used to obtain blood or administer IV fluidsFigure 19.22

Figure 19.21bVeins of the ThoraxAzygos vein

Hemiazygos vein

Accessory hemiazygos veinTributaries of the Inferior Vena CavaFigure 19.23

Veins of the Hepatic Portal SystemFigure 19.25Veins of the Pelvis & Lower LimbsDeep veinsShare the name of the accompanying artery

Superficial veinsGreat saphenous vein empties into the femoral veinSmall saphenous vein empties into the popliteal vein

Veins of the Right Lower Limb and PelvisFigure 19.26aVeins of the Right Lower LimbFigure 19.26b

Figure 19.27

Disorders of the Blood VesselsAneurysm

Deep vein thrombosis of the lower limb

Venous disease

Microangiopathy of diabetes

Arteriovenous malformationBlood Vessels Throughout LifeFetal CirculationAll major vessels in place by month three of development

Differences between fetal and postnatal circulation include:- fetus must supply blood to the placenta- very little blood is sent through the pulmonary circuitVessels to and from the PlacentaUmbilical vessels run in the umbilical cord- paired umbilical arteries- unpaired umbilical vein

Fetal vessels and structures- Ductus venosus - Ligamentum teres- Ligamentum venosum - Medial umbilical ligamentsFigure 19.28a

Fetal CirculationShunts Away from the Pulmonary Circuit- Foramen ovale- Ductus arteriosus

Blood Vessels in AdulthoodAtherosclerosis begins in youth- consequences evident in middle to old age

Males- more atherosclerosis than females between ages 45 65

Females- experience heart disease and atherosclerosis later in life