VECTORS CONCEPTS, LAWS, TERMINOLOGY & NOTATION€¦ · 1 February 14, 2019 VECTORS CONCEPTS, LAWS,...
Transcript of VECTORS CONCEPTS, LAWS, TERMINOLOGY & NOTATION€¦ · 1 February 14, 2019 VECTORS CONCEPTS, LAWS,...
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VECTORS CONCEPTS, LAWS,
TERMINOLOGY & NOTATIONThere are basically two types of measured quantities, SCALARS and VECTORS.
SCALARS have magnitude and dimensionVECTORS have magnitude, dimension and DIRECTION
We can model vectors using scale diagrams.
tip
tailA
B=
length of = magnitude =
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Two vectors are equal iff they have the same magnitude and direction.
=
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Two vectors are parallel if directions are equal or opposite.
= 3
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Angles between Vectors. The angles measured between vectors is ALWAYS tail to tail.
Ex. Given
Any vector with magnitude one is called a UNIT VECTOR ! !
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We can find the unit vector from any vector by
Any vector with zero magnitude is called the zero vector.
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A
B C
D
Consider the trip from point A to Point C. How many different ways can you get there? If you end up always at C are they equivalent?
VECTOR LAWS
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Vector Addition
The sum of any two vectors and is found by translating the vectors "tip" to "tail" then drawing a new vector from the tail of the first to the tip of the last. The new vector is called the resultant vector.
+
Does it matter which order the vectors are in?
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For any vector , the opposite vectoris equal in magnitude but opposite in direction
Vector Differences
For any two vectors and , the difference
is found from
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A quick note on direction "True Bearings":Bearings are given beginning at the North direction and rotating clockwise
Ex. A TRUE bearing of 200 degrees looks like this:
Other representations:W 70 S or S 20 Wgive the same vector ... these are called Quadrant Bearings
Also ... the terms "in the direction of" indicate direction away from the origin ... the term "from" indicates into the origin
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Example: An aircraft is flying at a ground speed of 400 km/h on a bearing of 195 degrees and its flight path is affected by a wind of 80 km/h coming from a bearing of 290 degrees.
(a) Sketch the vectors that would represent the situation and determine the new speed of the plane as well as the new bearing the plane would be travelling. Ans: 414.7 km/h, 183.9 degrees
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(b) Now, determine the direction the plane would need to travel in order to correct for the wind so that it is actually travelling on a bearing of 195. Ans: 206.5 degrees
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Example 2:Superman is flying at a speed of 265 km/h on a bearing of 025 but is aided by a headwind that is 95 km/h from a bearing of 265. Determine the resulting speed of superman and his new bearing.
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HOMEWORK
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