Vascularization of Abdomen

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VASCULARIZATION OF ABDOMEN


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A A

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AORTA ABDOMINALIS

The abdominal aorta begins at the aortic hiatus of thediaphragm, in front of the lower border of the body ofthe last thoracic vertebra, and, descending in front ofthe vertebral column, ends on the body of the fourth

lumbar vertebra, commonly a little to the left of themiddle line, by dividing into the two common iliacarteries. It diminishes rapidly in size, in consequence ofthe many large branches which it gives off. As it liesupon the bodies of the vertebr, the curve which it

describes is convex forward, the summit of theconvexity corresponding to the third lumbar vertebra.


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Relations.The abdominal aorta is covered, anteriorly, by thelesser omentum and stomach, behind which are the branches ofthe celiac artery and the celiac plexus; below these, by the lienalvein, the pancreas, the left renal vein, the inferior part of theduodenum, the mesentery, and aortic plexus. Posteriorly, it is

separated from the lumbar vertebr and intervertebralfibrocartilages by the anterior longitudinal ligament and left lumbarveins. On the right side it is in relation above with the azygos vein,cisterna chyli, thoracic duct, and the right crus of the diaphragmthe last separating it from the upper part of the inferior vena cava,and from the right celiac ganglion; the inferior vena cava is in

contact with the aorta below. On the left side are the left crus ofthe diaphragm, the left celiac ganglion, the ascending part of theduodenum, and some coils of the small intestine.


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Collateral Circulation.

The collateral circulationwould be carried on by the anastomosesbetween the internal mammary and the inferiorepigastric; by the free communication between

the superior and inferior mesenterics, if theligature were placed between these vessels; or bythe anastomosis between the inferior mesentericand the internal pudendal, when (as is more

common) the point of ligature is below the originof the inferior mesenteric; and possibly by theanastomoses of the lumbar arteries with thebranches of the hypogastric.


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Branches.The branches of the abdominal aorta may be dividedinto three sets: visceral, parietal, and terminal. 4VisceralBranches.Parietal Branches.Celiac.Inferior Phrenics.SuperiorMesenteric.Lumbars.Inferior Mesenteric.Middle Sacral.MiddleSuprarenals.

Renals.Internal Spermatics.Terminal Branches.Ovarian (in thefemale).Common Iliacs. Of the visceral branches, the celiac arteryand the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries are unpaired,while the suprarenals, renals, internal spermatics, and ovarian arepaired. Of the parietal branches the inferior phrenics and lumbars

are paired; the middle sacral is unpaired. The terminal branches arepaired.


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Veins of abdomen

Vena cava inferior is the large vein that carries

de-oxygenated blood from the lower half of

the body into the right atrium of the heart.

Located posterior to the abdominal cavity and

runs alongside of the vertebral column on its

right side . It enters the right atrium at the

lower right, back side of the heart.


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Vena cava inferior formed by the joining of the

left and right common iliac veins


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Veins of abdomen

Vein Level

hepatic veins T8

inferior phrenic vein T8

suprarenal vein L1

renal veins L1

gonadal vein L2

lumbar veins L1-L5

common iliac veins L5
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatic_veinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferior_phrenic_veinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suprarenal_veinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_veinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonadal_veinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbar_veinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_iliac_veinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_iliac_veinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbar_veinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonadal_veinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonadal_veinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonadal_veinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_veinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suprarenal_veinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferior_phrenic_veinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferior_phrenic_veinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferior_phrenic_veinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferior_phrenic_veinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatic_veins


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Liver vascularization


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The hepatic portal vein is a blood vessel thatconducts blood from the gastrointestinal tractand spleen to the liver. This blood is rich innutrients that were extracted from food, and the

liver processes these nutrients; it also filterstoxins that may have been ingested with thefood. The liver receives about 75% of its bloodthrough the hepatic portal vein, with the

remainder coming from the hepatic arteryproper. The blood leaves the liver to the heart inthe hepatic veins.


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TRUNCUSCOELIACUS


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The celiac artery (a. cliaca; celiac axis) is a

short thick trunk, about 1.25 cm. in length,

which arises from the front of the aorta, just

below the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm, and,passing nearly horizontally forward, divides

into three large branches, the left gastric, the

hepatic, and the splenic; it occasionally givesoff one of the inferior phrenic arteries.


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Truncus

coeliacus


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Truncu

scoeliac

us


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Truncus

coeliacu

s


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Truncus coeliacus


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references

^ Geehan DM, Inferior Vena Caval Thrombosis,

emedicine.com, URL:

http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2718.h

tm.

Google picture

www.medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary

www.instantanatomy.net
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferior_vena_cavahttp://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2718.htmhttp://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2718.htmhttp://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2718.htmhttp://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2718.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferior_vena_cava

Vascularization of Abdomen

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