VALERIA LINGUA: Regional design and governance rescaling: Comparing European practices
-
Upload
roberto-rocco -
Category
Education
-
view
260 -
download
1
Transcript of VALERIA LINGUA: Regional design and governance rescaling: Comparing European practices
Valeria Lingua AssistantprofessorofUrbanandRegionalPlanning,UniversityofFlorenceDirectoroftheRegionalDesignLab,DepartmentofArchitecture
SCIENTIFIC INDEPENDENCE OF YOUNG RESEARCHERS
AREAVASTA2.0anewformoflocalisminItaly:
challenges,risksandopportuniBesforspaBalplanningacrosslocalboundaries
Regional design and governance rescaling: comparing European practices
The research project AREA VASTA 2.0
The context
The theoretical framework: Interactive Governance
Ongoing results and perspectives for further research
Regional Design and Governance Rescaling:
comparing European practices
The research project AREA VASTA 2.0 • Object, objectives, expected results • Research tasks at TUDelft
The context
The theoretical framework: Interactive Governance
Ongoing results and perspectives for further research
Regional Design and Governance Rescaling:
comparing European practices
Purpose: To understand the forms and outcomes of cooperative planning practices at a supra-local level Object: The rescaling of formal planning activities carried out by joint local authorities, under a cooperative attitude that, in a Localism era, is supposed to replace sub-regional planning strategies.
Context: Neoliberalism in Europe and changes in the Italian institutional system that affect the planning system, calling for new challenges
AREA VASTA 2.0 A new form of localism in Italy: challenges, risks and opportunities for spatial planning across local boundaries
The research project
Objectives The research aims to systematize the lessons learned from the solutions given to strategic issues in previous Italian and European supra-local cooperative spatial planning practices, in order to define:
ü the pertinent extension of cooperation, in relation to the concerned issues and typologies of interaction
ü a model for evaluating the performance of cooperation
ü a platform for managing supra-local planning
The research project
AREA VASTA 2.0 A new form of localism in Italy: challenges, risks and opportunities for spatial planning across local boundaries
Expected results
ü the definition of policy recommendations for strategic and supra-local planning, addressed to Local Planning Authorities and practitioners
ü an innovative approach to explore new paths for planning at a supra-local level through a methodological and virtual platform for managing joint planning across boundaries
The research project
Methods 5. Development of a virtual platform for supra-local planning First step: Giscake_edu Alpha version of the platform for students (made by the academic Spinoff ARTU’) Next step: Giscake_LA Beta version of the platform for Local Authorities
LookingforwardGISCAKE!IlSole24Ore3May2015
ShapingregionalfuturesMapping,designing,transforming!
Aconferenceontheperformanceofregionaldesign
14th-15thOctober2015OSKARVONMILLERFORUMMunich
Conference host Technische Universität München (TUM) supported by Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) Agnes Förster, Alain Thierstein, Chair of Urban Development, TUM www.re.ar.tum.de
Verena Balz, Wil Zonneveld, Chair of Spatial Planning & Strategy, TU Delft http://www.spatialplanning.bk.tudelft.nl
Research focus: PlanningacrosslocalboundariesinamomentofplanningrescalingallaroundEurope,whenasharedneedemergesfor:• shapingtheboundariesoftheurbanregion• conceivingasharedvisionofitsspaGaldevelopmentà“Regionaldesign”processesariseandhavedifferentrolesinplanningpracGces,anddifferentcondiGonsmakethemwork.Research questions: • Giventhatthecontextisimportant,whicharetherelaBons
betweentherescalingofgovernanceandplanningsystemsandprocessesofregionaldesign?
• DoesregionaldesignmaTersforplanningstrategicallyacrosslocalboundaries?HowandunderwhichcondiGons?
Research thesis: REGIONAL DESIGN MATTERS!
Regional design and governance rescaling: comparing European practices
Research Tasks at TUDelft
Connected research questions:
1.Whatdoesregionaldesignmeans?1.1RegionaldesignasakeymomentininteracGvegovernance
processes(Lingua)1.2RegionaldesignasadiscreGonaryapproachtoregional
planning(Balz,Zonneveld&Nadin,2014)1.3SeZngRegionalDesign:whatisaregion?2.Howtoevaluateitsperformanceinrela;ontodiverseplanningsystemsandcultures?2.1HowtoanalyseRegionalDesign?Provideatoolboxto
analyseplanningschemes:whatisshownonthemap?Inwhichway,forwhometc.
2.2HowtoevaluatethePerformanceofRD(Balz&Zonneveld,2015)inrelaGontodiverseplanningsystems(Lingua)
2.3Ina“differenGalEurope”,howcanRDinteractwith“indicaGve”and“imperaGve”planningsystemsandcultures?
Regional design and governance rescaling: comparing European practices.
Research Tasks at TUDelft
The research project AREA VASTA 2.0
The context • Neo-liberalism and governance rescaling in Europe • Changes occurring to the Italian institutional system • Issues to tackle
The theoretical framework: Interactive Governance
Ongoing results and perspectives for further research
Regional Design and Governance Rescaling:
comparing European practices
Strategicvacuum(a]er2011)
Neo-liberalism and governance rescaling
WeliveininteresBngBmes(Hougton&Allmendinger,2014:164)
The context
The context - Italy
Localism in Italy: changes in the Italian Institutional System
Law 7 August 2012, n. 135 & Law 7 April 2014, n. 56
“Re-organization" of local authorities through a process of "rationalization" including:
• transformation of all provinces in second level institution, with non-elected assemblies and a reduction of their competencies
• suppression of provinces who insist on 10 major regional capital cities and replacement with "Metropolitan cities"
• duty to union for municipalities with a population up to 5,000 inhabitants. In any case, the optimal size cannot be less than 10,000 inhabitants (or 3,000 in mountain areas).
Senate Bill 1429 Revocation of provinces
PianoTerritorialedicoordinamentoprovinciale–
P.T.C.P(ProvincialSpaGalco-ordinaGonPlan)
Regionallevel
Provinciallevel
Locallevel
Previousplanningsystem(1942,1977,1993,2001)
Laws135/2012&56/2014:weakeningtheProvinciallevel
PianoTerritoriale/diindirizzoRegionale
(RegionalSpaGal/StructuralPlan,diverseregionaldenominaGons)
PianoTerritorialedicoordinamentoprovinciale–
P.T.C.P(ProvincialSpaGalco-ordinaGonPlan)
Pianoregolatorecomunale(PRG/diverseregionaldenominaGons)
PianostruTurale(Structuralplan)
PianooperaBvo(Landuseplan)
PianoTerritoriale/diindirizzoRegionale
(RegionalSpaGal/StructuralPlan,diverseregionaldenominaGons)
Pianocomunale(diverseregionaldenominaGons)
PianostruTurale(Structuralplan)
PianooperaBvo(Landuseplan)
StrategicMetropolitan
plans
Inter-municipalplans
The re-scaling of the statutory planning system
The context - Italy
Attempts at defining a national framework
Progetto ‘80 (1969-71)
The context - Italy
Thefirsta8emptofcoordina>onatna>onallevel-abandoned
StrategicterritorialplaAormsandpivotareasFrameworkforthealloca>onofStructuralFounds
NaBonalOperaBveProgram2007-2013
An important tradition of Regional Planning 20Regions:20RegionalSpaGal/StructuralPlans
The context - Italy
Regional boundaries
Approved Plan Adopted Plan Work in progress
Approved Plan Adopted Plan Work in progress
Second planning season
First planning season
No planning activities
LEGEND
Success and failures of Provincial Planning
Lingua&GerundoinINU(2011),Rapportodalterritorio
The context - Italy
The context - Italy
Joint planning Inter-municipal structural plan (Piano di assetto del territorio intercomunale - P.A.T.I.) of “Padova Metropolitan Community” (16 LAs)
Practices of inter-municipal planning
Aligned cross-boundary strategiesAlignedStructuralPlansinTufoArea(Grosseto,SouthernTuscany,3LAs)
1. the extension of cooperation and the presence of overlapping spaces of cooperation, between joint local development plans and sectoral and economic development programs
The context: issues to tackle
Planning across local boundaries in Europe and Italy
Questions and challenges:
2. the need, for majors, planning officers and practitioners, to achieve new negotiation and participation skills in activating practices of effective joint planning across local boundaries
3. the performance of cooperative planning practices. How and with which extend collaborative planning and regional design practices contributes to shape the boundaries of the region and to conceive a shared vision of its spatial development
1. The extension of cooperation
• unrelated to territorial specificities
• overlapping with different spaces of cooperation
MetropolitanciBesunderL.56/14
MunicipaliBesupto5,000inhabitants
Paradoxes of the shift from provinces to metropolitan cities
1. Lesson learned: evidences from early practices
2. Lesson learned: evidences from early practices
Birmingham&Sollihull
Paradoxes of the shift from regional strategies to DtC & LEP
Black Country Core Strategy Key Diagram
1. the extension of cooperation and the presence of overlapping spaces of cooperation, between joint local development plans and sectoral and economic development programs
The context: issues to tackle
Planning across local boundaries in Europe and Italy
Questions and challenges:
2. the need, for majors, planning officers and practitioners, to achieve new negotiation and participation skills in activating practices of effective joint planning across local boundaries
3. the performance of cooperative planning practices. How and with which extend collaborative planning and regional design practices contributes to shape the boundaries of the region and to conceive a shared vision of its spatial development
à Regional design as a discretionary planning practice
Lesson learned: evidences from practices
Roles of Regional design
ZURICHMetrobildZürich(2011)
3 Design groups
RUHRZukunIMetropole
Ruhr
CompeGGon(2014)
5 design groups
AMSTERDAMMetropoolregioAmsterdam&StructuralPlan
à Regional design as a synthesis of knowledge
à Regional design as a creative process to define the vision of the region
The research project AREA VASTA 2.0 The context
The theoretical framework: Interactive Governance • Interactive governance: definition and dimensions • Elements of interactive governance • The focus on images, scenarios and visioning
Ongoing results and perspectives for further research
Regional Design and Governance Rescaling:
comparing European practices
The theoretical framework
Interactive Governance: «The whole of interactions instigated to solve societal problems and to create societal opportunities; including the formulation and application of principles guiding those interactions and care for institutions that enable or control them» Koimann & Jentoft (2009:820) «The complex process through which a plurality of social and political actors with diverging interests interact in order to formulate, promote, and achieve common objectives by means of mobilizing, exchanging, and deploying a range of ideas, rules, and resources». Torfing et al., (2012:2)
NaGonal
Regional
Provincial
Local
Government/ Hierarchical governance
Co-governance/ cooperative governance
Regional Spatial plans/ Strategies
Provincial Spatial plans
National frameworks/ guidelines
Inter-municipal plans
Local Structure plans/ Local Land-use plans
Influence
Influence
META-Governance
Self- governance
META-
Governance
Influence
The theoretical framework: Interactive Governance
The theoretical framework: Interactive Governance
ComponentsofinteracBvegovernance
Components of the interactive governance model (Kooiman et al., 2009)
The theoretical framework: Interactive Governance
ElementsofinteracBvegovernance
Components of the interactive governance model (Kooiman et al., 2009)
ELEMENTSOFGOVERNANCE
Images: guiding lights in terms of the how and why of governance. Many types: visions, metaphors, models, knowledge, facts, judgements, presuppositions, hypotheses, convictions, ends and goals. They relate to fundamental social, political and ethical questions, often of a systemic nature such as in value or knowledge systems.
Instruments: intermediating element of interactive governance, linking images to action. Contrary to what the instrumental toolkit metaphor suggests, however, instruments are not a neutral medium – in fact, their design, choice and application frequently elicit strife. The choice of instruments is not free but in each country the available type and range and their applicability vary.
Actions: the putting of instruments into effect through the implementation of policies according to set guidelines, which is often a dry and routine affair. However, action may also consist of mobilizing other actors in a new and uncharted direction. In this case, actors rely on convincing and socially penetrating images and sufficient socio-political will or support.
NaGonal
Regional
Provincial
Local
Government/ Hierarchical governance
Co-governance/ cooperative governance
INTERACTIVE GOVERNANCE
Regional Spatial plans/ Strategies
Provincial Spatial plans
National frameworks/ guidelines
Inter-municipal plans
Local Structure plans/ Local Land-use plans
Influence
Influence
META-Governance
Self- governance
META-
Governance
Influence
…fromnaBonaltolocallevel…
NaGonalPlanningAgencyfortheIjsselmeerPolders,1974,Explora>onMarkerwaard
FoundaGonTheNetherlandNowasDesign(NNAO),1987,Netherland2050
The focus on images, scenarios and visioning
Providing new analytical perspectives
on the region
Exploring ways of spatial, functional,
temporal organisation
Promising a better region
… through REGIONAL DESIGN practices
The focus on images, scenarios and visioning
(Balz&Förster,2015)
Regionaldesigninthecontextofplanningconcepts(Balz&Zonneveld,2015)
The focus on images, scenarios and visioning
regionaldesignimpactseeng
RegionaldevelopmentRegionalactors&stakeholdersRegionalorganisaBonalframeworkPreviousexperiencewithintheregion
AllocaBngregionalresourcesShapingregionalframesofreferencePromoBngregionalfieldsofacBon
learning
spaBalrepresentaBonofaregion
analyBcalreasoningadministraBvepragmaBsm
poliBcaladvocacy
InteracBveperspecBveondesign
(Balz&Förster,2015)
The focus on images, scenarios and visioning
The research project AREA VASTA 2.0
The context
The theoretical framework: Interactive Governance
Ongoing results and perspectives for further research • Applications of the theoretical framework • Directions for further research
Regional Design and Governance Rescaling:
comparing European practices
Applications of the theoretical framework
NaBonallevel–THENETHERLAND
Salewsky,2012Balz,Zonneveld&Nadin,2014
Balz,Zonneveld,2015
DATAR, 1971: Une image de la France en l’an 2000. Le scénario de l’inacceptable
DATAR, 1993: France en 2015. Recomposition du
territoire national
SYSTÈMES URBAINS ET TERRITOIRES:
ESQUISSES À LONG TERME
NaBonallevel–FRANCE
DATAR, 2001: Aménager la France en 2020
DATAR, 2001: Aménager la France en 2020
Applications of the theoretical framework
Schéma de cohérence territoriale (SCoT) of Bordeaux Metropolitan Area
META-Governance
Land use plan - PRG (City of Milan)
Boscoincittà - (ItaliaNostra)
9 parks for Milan (Regiona design lab)
410 projects – best practices + projects
(Answers to the call for proposal in the framework of the Strategic plan «City
of cities»)
Strategic plan (Metropolitan city of Milan)
Ecological Network (Lombardy Region)
Ecological network plan (Province of Milan)
Structural plan - PGT ( City of Milan)
Strategic plan «City of cities» - Progetto strategico Città di Città
( Province of Milan)
Spatial framework - Documento d’indirizzo (City of Milan)
Piano Turbina (Intermunicipal plan of Milan Area – G. De Carlo)
General project and operative priorities (Intermunicipal plan of Milan Area )
Northern Park (Consortium of 6
municipalities
Southern Park (Province of Milan & 61 Municipalities)
PLIS – Parco Grugnotorto Villoresi (Consortium of 6
municipalities)
PLIS –Lambro Valley Park (Consortium of 5 municipalities)
Area plans (Province of
Milan with 35 Municipalities)
ReLambro – Lambro river ecological network (Region Lombardy, PLIS Lambro Valley park, City of Milan, Legambiente)
Land use plan - PRG (City of Milan)
Structural plan - PGT
(City of Milan)
Locallevel–MILAN
Applications of the theoretical framework
TheimplementaBonoftheresearch"AREAVASTA2.0"
DATAR, 2001: Aménager la France en 2020
Directions for further research
October November December January February March April May June July September
Institutional Conference Case studies presented by LAs planning officiers/ members
Call for paper/ Roundtable AESOP
International Scientific Conference on regional design and governance
rescaling
Aesop papers
submission deadline
AESOP Conference Round Table
Publication
Case studies
National planning systems
Theoretical framework
IT
Florence Milan
UK
Bristol Birmingham
NL
South Wing
Amsterdam
FR
Lyon
ES
Barcelona
Verena
TheimplementaBonoftheresearch"AREAVASTA2.0"
Directions for further research
Plannng system typologies (Nadin & Stead, 2008:39)
TheimplementaBonoftheresearch"AREAVASTA2.0"
DATAR, 2001: Aménager la France en 2020
Directions for further research
October November December January February March April May June July September
Institutional Conference Case studies presented by LAs planning officiers/ members
Call for paper/ Roundtable AESOP
International Scientific Conference on regional design and governance
rescaling
Aesop papers
submission deadline
AESOP Conference Round Table
Publication
Case studies
National planning systems
Theoretical framework
IT
Florence Milan
UK
Bristol Birmingham
NL
South Wing
Amsterdam
FR
Lyon
ES
Barcelona
Verena
AnempiricalapplicaBon:theStrategicPlanofFlorenceMetropolitanCity
DATAR, 2001: Aménager la France en 2020
Directions for further research
TheimplementaBonoftheresearch"AREAVASTA2.0"
DATAR, 2001: Aménager la France en 2020
Directions for further research
October November December January February March April May June July September
Institutional Conference Case studies presented by LAs planning officiers/ members
Call for paper/ Roundtable AESOP
International Scientific Conference on regional design and governance
rescaling
Aesop papers
submission deadline
AESOP Conference Round Table
Publication
Case studies
National planning systems
Theoretical framework
IT
Florence Milan
UK
Bristol Birmingham
NL
South Wing
Amsterdam
FR
Lyon
ES
Barcelona
Verena
Regionaldesignandgovernancerescaling:comparingEuropeanpracGces
Spring2017FLORENCE
Conference host University of Florence (UNIFI) supported by Delft University of Technology (TU Delft)
Valeria Lingua, Carlo Pisano Chair of Urban and Regional Planning, UNIFI http:// www.dida.unifi.it
Wil Zonneveld, Verena Balz Chair of Spatial Planning & Strategy, TU Delft http://www.spatialplanning.bk.tudelft.nl
Florence
Lyon
Barcelona
Bristol
Birmingham
.
Forfurtherreadings
LinguaV.,ServilloL.(2014),Themoderniza>onoftheItalianplanningsystem,ReimerM.,GeGmisP.,BlotevogelH.,eds.,SpaBalPlanningSystemsandPracBcesinEurope.AComparaBvePerspecBveonConBnuityandChanges,Routledge,London,pp.127-148.
ServilloL.,LinguaV.(2014),Theinnova>onoftheItalianPlanningSystem:actors,pathdependencies,culturalcontradic>onsandamissingepilogue,EuropeanPlanningStudies,Vol.22,No.2,pp.400-417.
LinguaV.(2013),WhenAPlanningTier...Disappear!InsGtuGonalcooperaGonforplanningacrossboundaries:issuesandchallengesinItalyandEngland,Urbanis;caInformazioni,vol.04,p.449-451.
DeLucaG.,LinguaV.(2014),Evolu>oninRegionalPlanning:theItalianPath,inICONARP,vol.2(2),pp.14-33.
.
Acnowledgments Wil Zonneveld Verena Balz Ana Maria Fernandez Maldonado Marcin Dabrowsky Andreas Faludi And all the Department Members and PhDs that dedicated or will dedicate a few of their time to discuss these topics
ValeriaLingua>>[email protected]>>>>RegionalDesignLab>>hTp://www.dida.unifi.it/vp-349-laboratorio-regional-design.html>>