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7/31/2019 Vadodara Snippent Viru

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2.0 Demographic Trends

It is difficult to trace the demographic trends of the city prior to the 1901 Census. At the 1901

Census the population of Baroda was 1,03,790. Around 1902, the City faced a locust invasion,

resulting in a heavy loss of the agricultural output. Plague followed by famine in 1906, made the

conditions very abject. The population of the City declined by five per cent during 1901-21. In

1911, there were only 99,345 persons in the City and in 1921 number further declined to 94,712.

Demographically, the third decade was a transitory period in the population history of

Baroda. In this decade population grew rather fast (19.16 per cent) to reach 1,12,860 level in

1931. It further increased to 1,53,860 in 1941 and 2,11,407 in 1951 registering a decadal growth

of 35.83 and 37.90 per cent respectively (Table-I).

Table -1: Vadodara: Demographic Trends (1901-2001)

Year Population %

Change

VMC

%

Change

VUDA

% Of

State

Urban

% Of

District

Urban

% Of

Total

Pop.

1901 1,03,790 - - 5.1 73.3 17.6

1911 99,345 -4.28 - 5.3 71.6 14.3

1921 94,712 -4.66 - 4.6 65.3 12.5

1931 1,12,860 19.16 - 4.8 66.2 12.0

1941 1,53,301 35.82 - 4.8 68.1 12.8

1951 2,11,407 37.90 - 4.8 77.0 17.4

1961 3,09,487 46.50 36.80 5.8 77.9 20.4

1971 4,67,487 50.94 45.80 6.2 77.9 23.6

1981 7,34,473 57.10 49.77 6.4 72.3 28.7

1991 10,21,084 39.02 21.97 7.1 85.16 33.0

2001 13,22,620 40.00 34.05 9.5 89.04

2011* 16,66,703 26.01 - 6.5 80.91 40.0

*Provisional Figures


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Figure 3: Population Trends 1901-2011

After Independence, Vadodara received a good attention from the Central and State

Governments. The city developed as one of the major industrial and commercial centers of

Gujarat. Consequently, its population increased from 2,11,407 in 1951 to 3,09,487 in 1961,

registering a decadal growth of 46.50 per cent. By 1971, Vadodara had 4,67,487 people. Duringthe subsequent decade (1971-81), it increased by 57 per cent to become 7,34,473. The trend of

growth set during the first three decades of the post-Independence era, continued during the last two

decades of 1981-1991 (39.02%) and 1991-2001 (40%). At the beginning of the present decade

(2001) the city had 13,22,620 persons accounting for 7.1 per cent of the urban population of the

whole State and 89 per cent of the urban population of Vadodara district.

According to the recent provisional figures of Census of India (2011) the VMC population

has reached to 16,66,703 persons and projected at 21,15,000 by 2021 by VUDA. If we take the

Vadodara Urban Agglomeration (UA) into account, the population figure in 2021 would be close to

3 million. During the period 2001-2011 the city growth has slowed down due to decline in

migration as well as natural growth of population from 40 percent in previous decade to present 26

percent.


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Population growth is not uniform all over the city. Growth rates are lower in the interior and

higher in the periphery. Population of the inner city areas, particularly in the City Ward declined by

-17.66 and -10.77 during 1981-91 and 1991-2001 decades (Table 2).


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Table 2: Ward-Wise Area and Population Trends (1971-2001)

Ward

No.

Name of the

Ward

Total

Area

(sq.km)

Census Population

1971 1981 G.R.* 1991 G.R.* 2001 G.R.*

1 City 0.664 58950 64831 9.98 53383 -17.66 47636 -10.77

2 Fatehpura 7.054 62206 119465 92.05 117289 -1.82 114720 -2.19

3 Wadi 5.974 79078 112735 42.56 87158 -22.69 94588 8.52

4 GIDC 29.854 24420 77457 217.19 133943 72.93 217592 62.45

5 Babajipura 4.954 64850 74476 14.84 70057 -5.93 78192 11.61

6 Sayajiganj(S) 25.24 33006 61957 87.71 126343 103.92 190095 50.46

7 Sayajiganj(N) 9.14 77404 128559 66.09 112399 -12.57 132115 17.54

8 Raopura 5.47 78508 94993 21 112750 18.69 114525 1.57

9 Kishanwadi 12.02 0 0 0 107104 0.00 162931 52.12

10 Gorwa 7.94 0 0 0 110926 0.00 154043 38.87

Total 108.31 478422 734473 1031352 40.42 1306436 26.67

Source: VMC * G.R. = Growth Rate.

Density of Population

Given the rapid growth of population and increasing diversification of functions, the necessary

space to house the people and various activities could not be found within the city. New

residential colonies came up in the peripheral areas especially along the major highways. The

industry too found the environment away from the city but within its shadow more favourable.

According to 1991 Census returns, the City Ward recorded the highest density of 80,396 persons per

sq. km., which is estimated to come down to 43,702 persons per sq. km. in 2006, whereas, the

GIDC area which recorded the density of 4,487 persons per sq. km in 1991 is likely to have 6,272

persons per sq. km. in 2006. Table 3 gives ward-wise density in 1991 and 2006.


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Figure 4: Population Density Map


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Table 3: Ward-Wise Density of Population (1991 and 2006)

Ward

No.

Ward NameTotal Area

(sq. km)

DensityTotal Area

(sq. km)

Density

1991 1991 2006 2006

1 City 0.664 80396 1.09 43702

2 Fatehpura 7.054 16627 13.43 8542

3 Wadi 5.974 14590 24.66 3836

4 GIDC 29.854 4487 34.69 6272

5 Babajipura 4.954 14142 5.10 15332

6 Sayajiganj(S) 25.24 5006 23.00 8265

7 Sayajiganj(N) 9.14 12297 12.69 10411

8 Raopura 5.47 20612 5.48 208999 Kishanwadi 12.02 8910 15.78 10325

10 Gorwa 7.94 13971 13.80 11163

Total 108.31 9522 149.72 8726

The immense change in the density pattern reveals that the old city area is experiencing

decline in population growth partly because the cost of land is too high in the inner city and partly

because the inner city is being commercialized and many residential buildings are being converted

into shops etc.

The high-density areas of City, Fatehpura, Wadi, Babajipura and Raopura Wards are

associated with commercial and retail activities, which in turn put excessive traffic pressure on the

roads. The capacity of the major sub-arteries is not enough to cater to the needs of these dense areas.

Though there is shift in the density patterns between the wards, more growth is observed in the

western (Sayajigunj South) and southern (GIDC) wards, while the core is still being over utilized.

Growth in the western and southern wards may be due to improved infrastructure in these areas and

its nearness to the major work places.

Another interesting fact to note is that more than 70 per cent of the Vadodara district

population lived in the city right from the beginning of the century. This concentrated growth of


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population during the last several decades has mainly been due to migration of people from the

rural areas.

Quality of Population

If we take literacy as the proxy for the quality of population, we find Vadodara highly advanced.

Within the last fifty years the literacy rate has increased from 48.60 per cent in 1951 to 94.26 per

cent in 2001. The decadal literacy figures for the city are: 55 per cent in 1961; 61.60 per cent in

1971and 86.40 per cent in 1981.

Physical growth of the city is induced by development of residential colonies and location of new

industries around the city. Industrial and commercial activities have developed along the major

arterial roads running north-south and east-west of the city. Initially, the development was along the

four axes of Mandvi (the city center), later it spread outwards in the west and the northwestern

directions. Consequentially, the administrative limits of the city had to be increased from time to

time.

Until 1960s the municipal limits of the city had just 22.68 sq. km. By June 1964 the area

increased to 72.44 sq. km and by December 1973 to 97.22 sq. km. Another 10.50 sq. km were

added in 1975 to increase the total to 108.22 sq. km. The last expansion was in the year 2002-03,

when the Vadodara Municipal Corporation (VMC) brought within its limits a few adjoining

villages to increase its total area to 149.72 sq. km.

The Vadodara Urban Development Authority (VUDA) was established on 1st Feb. 1978 charged with the r esponsibility of planning

and development of the city and its region. The VUDA covers 714 sq. km of area including areas of VMC and some 104 villages of Vadodara,

Padra, Vaghodia talukas.

Transport network within the city and between the city and its hinterland has considerable influence on the physical growth of the city.

Vadodara was brought on the railway map of India in 1870. Gradually, broad gauge railway lines connecting Vadodara with Bombay in the

south, Ahmedabad and Delhi in the north and Central India in the east were constructed. This gave impetus to growth and modernization along

the major routes.


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The walled city, planned as it was over a hundred year back, continued to be the major activity area and the focal point, although the

city started spreading out mostly westward towards the railway station. Laxmi Vilash Palace, Kala Bhavan - a technical institute, General

Hospital, two colleges (Baroda College and Ayurvedic College) and a public park were new development nodes and the gaps in be tween were

filled mostly by residential colonies of the affluent section of the society. In the process, the city got a new extended structural form and reflected

the conscious efforts of the visionary ruler, HH Maharaja Sir Sayajirao Gaekwad.

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