Vacuum Sewers For Coastal Areas
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Vacuum Sewers – A Viable Alternative for Coastal Areas
Soma Bhadra, PE www.consult-proteus.com
Denny Moss www.airvac.com
Conference on Coastal Engineering Practice 2011 San Diego, CA
Monday August 22, 2011
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Why Vacuum Sewers?
Uses Differential Air Pressure
to Move Wastewater
When Gravity
Sewers have Constraints
Environmentally Sensitive Areas
Tight Working Areas
High Groundwater
Rock
Flat Rolling Terrain
Unstable Soil
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Vacuum Sewers
• Small pipe sizes (4 to 10-inches)
• No manholes and cleanouts
• Shallow depths (3 – 5 feet)
• High Scouring velocities (8 – 18 fps)
• No exposure to sewer gas
• No I/I, Exfiltration prevented
Benefits
• Reduces costs
• Lines stay clean
• Reduce environmental impact
• Very low odor problems
• Leaks cannot go un-noticed
• Safe
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4
Home Valve Pit Vacuum Sewer
Vacuum Station
Force main
How Vacuum Sewer Works
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Home to Valve Pit
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Air Intake
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• Pit /Sump & Cone
• Vacuum Valve
• Sump Breather Unit
• Anti-flotation Collar
The Valve Pit
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Vacuum System Layout
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Design Guide
D Design Max Design Max (in) (gpm) (gpm) (# homes) (# homes) 4 40 55 60 85 6 105 150 165 235 8 210 305 330 470
10 375 545 585 850
Pit Type Peak (gpm) Maximum Peak (gpm)
Standard 0.5 - 1.5 3
Single Buffer
3.1 - 15 30
Dual Buffer 15 - 30 60
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Oak Island, North Carolina
81+miles of vacuum sewers
9 vacuum stations
4,500gpm pump station
10+ miles wastewater + reuse force main
400,000 gpd MBR WWTP
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Service Areas and Vacuum Stations
9 Service areas, 1 Vacuum Station in each, 1 central Pump Station
Failing Septic System
Beach properties,
vacation rentals
Very flat High groundwater
Intracoastal Waterway
Hurricane prone
Wetlands + Environmenta
lly sensitive
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Home Valve Pit Vacuum Sewer
Vacuum Station
Force main
How Vacuum Sewer Works
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Collection System Design
SDR 21, Schedule 40 PVC fittings
O-Ring, Rieber gasket
20 – 500 ft. at 0.2% Slope with 1 to 1.5ft lifts
18’ total available lift at 16” Hg, 5’ used to evacuate the sump’ 13’ available for sewage transport
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Collection System
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Vacuum Station
Incoming Vacuum Mains
Vacuum Pumps Collection Tank Sewage Pumps
Force Main
Standby Generator
Odor Control
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VS#1 VS#1 001
VS#1 002 VS#1 003
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VS#1 004 VS#1 005
VS#1 006 VS#1 007
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VS#1 008 VS#1 009
VS#1 010 VS#1 011
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VS#1 012 VS#1 013
VS#1 014 VS#1 015
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VS#1 016 VS#1 017
VS#1 018 VS#1 019
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VS#1 020 VS#1 021
VS#1 022 VS#1 023
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VS#1 024 VS#1 025
VS#1 026 VS#1 027
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VS#1 028 VS#1 029
VS#1 030 VS#1 031
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VS#1 032 VS#1 033
VS#1 034 VS#1 035
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VS#1 036 VS#1 037
VS#1 038 VS#1 039
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VS#1 040 VS#1 041
VS#1 042 VS#1 043
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VS#1 044 VS#1 045
VS#1 046 VS#1 047
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VS#1 048 VS#1 049
VS#1 050 VS#1 052
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VS#1 053 VS#1 054
VS#1 055 VS#1 056
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VS#1 057 VS#1 058
VS#1 059
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Vacuum Sewers – A Viable Alternative for Coastal Areas
Acknowledgement: Town of Oak Island, North Carolina Black & Veatch, Cary, NC
Soma Bhadra, PE (858) 353-2805 [email protected] www.consult-proteus.com Denny Moss (800) 247-8229, ext. 229 [email protected] www.airvac.com