Biocontainment Practices Inside the Animal Lab Guglielmo Vismara
Vaccinations. Remember! Vaccination does not give absolute 100% protection to each and every animal...
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Transcript of Vaccinations. Remember! Vaccination does not give absolute 100% protection to each and every animal...
![Page 1: Vaccinations. Remember! Vaccination does not give absolute 100% protection to each and every animal or every herd Vaccination does not replace good biosecurity/biocontainment.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e4c5503460f94b4129f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Vaccinations
![Page 2: Vaccinations. Remember! Vaccination does not give absolute 100% protection to each and every animal or every herd Vaccination does not replace good biosecurity/biocontainment.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e4c5503460f94b4129f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Remember!
• Vaccination does not give absolute 100% protection to each and every animal or every herd
• Vaccination does not replace good biosecurity/biocontainment management practices .
![Page 3: Vaccinations. Remember! Vaccination does not give absolute 100% protection to each and every animal or every herd Vaccination does not replace good biosecurity/biocontainment.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e4c5503460f94b4129f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Vaccine Handling
• Rules #1-31. Read label2. Read label3. Read label
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Label Directions
• Proper temperature– Refrigerate most vaccines– Refrigeration means 400 F, not 200, not 600
• Proper route of administration– IM (intramuscular)– SQ (Subcutaneous)– IN (Intranasal)– Oral .
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Label Directions
• Proper species• Proper dose• Proper time (including boosters as
necessary) .
![Page 6: Vaccinations. Remember! Vaccination does not give absolute 100% protection to each and every animal or every herd Vaccination does not replace good biosecurity/biocontainment.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e4c5503460f94b4129f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Vaccine Types
• Killed• Modified Live (MLV)• Antibodies/Antitoxins .
![Page 7: Vaccinations. Remember! Vaccination does not give absolute 100% protection to each and every animal or every herd Vaccination does not replace good biosecurity/biocontainment.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e4c5503460f94b4129f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Vaccine Types
• Killed– all organisms are inactivated– No potential for any live germs
to cause disease .
![Page 8: Vaccinations. Remember! Vaccination does not give absolute 100% protection to each and every animal or every herd Vaccination does not replace good biosecurity/biocontainment.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e4c5503460f94b4129f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Vaccine Types
• Killed– Induce primarily antibody
development in the vaccinated animal against very specific organisms
– Usually multi-dose vials– Usually requires booster dose
first time .
![Page 9: Vaccinations. Remember! Vaccination does not give absolute 100% protection to each and every animal or every herd Vaccination does not replace good biosecurity/biocontainment.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e4c5503460f94b4129f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Vaccine Types
• Modified Live Vaccine (MLV)– Live disease-causing organism is
treated in a way such that it induces an immune response without causing disease
– Modern technology has made this very safe .
![Page 10: Vaccinations. Remember! Vaccination does not give absolute 100% protection to each and every animal or every herd Vaccination does not replace good biosecurity/biocontainment.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e4c5503460f94b4129f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Vaccine Types• Modified Live Vaccine (MLV)– Induces two forms of protection
in the animal: antibodies as well as cell-mediated immunity
– Typically involves mixing liquid and dry components and must be used immediately
– Usually does not require a booster first time .
![Page 11: Vaccinations. Remember! Vaccination does not give absolute 100% protection to each and every animal or every herd Vaccination does not replace good biosecurity/biocontainment.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e4c5503460f94b4129f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Vaccine Types
• Antibodies/Antitoxins– Created by hyperimmunizing animals and taking
antibodies from their serum and putting into oral or injectable form
– Allows for instant presence of antibodies to fight disease
– Few exist - most common, E coli (First Defense), tetanus antitoxin .
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What is the best, all natural vaccine we have?
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Colostrum
• The future of your herd is born with NO antibodies
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Colostrum & Calves
• Antibodies in colostrum are required for the first several months of that calf’s life to fight off ALL infectious agents, including scours, navel-ill, pneumonia
• Antibodies are “herd-specific” for each farm
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Colostrum & Calves
• ASAP – not 12 hours later• “4 quarts in 4 hours”• Minimum 100 grams
immunoglobulins (antibodies) .
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Colostrum & Calves
• Colostrum and feeding containers must be CLEAN
• Cow should be Johne’s negative and BLV (Leukosis) negative in tested herds .
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Colostrum & Calves
• We can influence the antibodies in colostrum with proper vaccinations at the proper time
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Summary• Biosecurity and biocontainment are not just big words to
be ignored• We need to reconsider how we bring additions into our
herds – what risks are we comfortable with?• We need to evaluate how we handle different age
groups of cattle on our farms• Vaccination is VERY important but NOT a substitute for
good management• We need to develop a vaccination program for every
animal in every herd• Colostrum, colostrum, colostrum