V2X, V2I, and the Cellular Infrastructure
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Transcript of V2X, V2I, and the Cellular Infrastructure
V2X, V2I and the Cellular Infrastructure
Prof. Sanjay Shakkottai, DirectorAshley H. Priddy Centennial Professor of Engineering
Director, Wireless Networking and Communications Group
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Wireless Networking and Communications Group
125 Grad Students
Affiliateschampionlargefederalproposals,providetechnicalinput/feedback,researchsupport
WNCGprovidespre-competitiveresearch,technicalexpertise,firstaccesstostudents
Significantnumberofstudentsintern/workfull-timeforaffiliates
Affiliatesproviderealworldcontext
Industrial Affiliates22 Faculty
$- $2,000,000.00$4,000,000.00$6,000,000.00
2007-08
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Do automated vehicles need to be connected?
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Myth: fully autonomous operation is enough
Reality: automation is much better with
connectivity
Slide courtesy: Prof. Robert Heath
Expand the sensing range of the vehicle
Allows interactions between vehicles with
different automation levels
More informed safety decisions
Benefits of connectivity
Higher levels of traffic coordination like platooning
Slide courtesy: Prof. Robert Heath
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Connectivity enhanced with infrastructure sensing
Can be used for other functions, for example
more precise navigation
Supports sensing of the environment, does not require
all cars to have complete sensing equipment
Helps coordinate traffic through intersections,
eliminating lightsEffective with non-connected cars, bicycles, and pedestrians
Slide courtesy: Prof. Robert Heath
< 1ms 1ms 10ms 100ms
1 Mbps
10 Mbps
100 Mbps
1 Gbps
throughput
latency
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DRIVEN BYTHE CLOUD
DRIVEN BYTHE IN-CAR INFO
DATA
positioninfo
limited sensor
processed sensor
raw sensor
mixed levels of automation
Slide courtesy: Prof. Robert Heath
u Current Stateª Cellular: Large cells with tens of users per sector/cellª Cellular: Time-scale separation between scheduling and mobile-to-cell
association
u Moving Forwardª Many small cells with few(er) users per cell; fast(er) transitions between cellsª Heterogeneous capabilitiesª Mixture of cellular and D2D (e.g. V2V) traffic over shared spectrumª Much smaller slot timescales (100s of microsecs instead of milliseconds)ª Much larger bandwidthª Sensing built into the infrastructure?
Cellular Infrastructure: Today’s Setting and Moving Forward
Infrastructure: Looking Ahead
1. Degrees of freedom: Large number and diversity of users/frequencies 2. Densification: Macro base-station + densely deployed access nodes (on
traffic poles?)3. Rapid Association Flux: “Micro” mobility + small cells4. Sensing + Communications: Infrastructure aided location informationBS/AP image courtesy: http://intersales.com.au/GPSNetwork.aspx
Network Architecture #1: Who Controls the Network?
u Association flux – much more rapidu Cellular: Users transition between cells at a faster time-scale
ª Number of users per cell smallerª Time-scale separation between scheduling and association unclear
u D2D traffic embedded with cellular over shared spectrumª Control needs to rapidly switch between D2D (V2V) and cellular
u More efficient to implement these tasks on the device
Network Inversion: Device driven association and channel resource allocation
Network Architecture #2: The MAC Architecture
u Local backlogs or HOL delay used for schedulingu Data center used for planning / long-term parameter settingsu Looking Forward
ªMove from a interference limited regime to a link budget limited regime
ªMoving from a state-driven allocation to a statistics-driven allocation
ªSwitch between sensing and communications, while dealing with hysteresis
Leverage the cellular data center for real-time global resource allocation