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The Bedouin Dialects of the Northern Sinai Littoral. Bridging the Gap between the Easternand the Western Arab World
de Jong, R.E.
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Citation for published version (APA):de Jong, R. E. (1999). The Bedouin Dialects of the Northern Sinai Littoral. Bridging the Gap between theEastern and the Western Arab World.
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Download date: 15 Apr 2020
THE BEDOUIN DIALECTS OF THE NORTHERN SINAI LITTORAL
Appendix (maps)
R.E. de Jong
Appendix, maps (not to scale)
Northern Sinai Littoral: isogloss bundles (cf. C, V)
MAP 00
-A^JW*
'SA 1 s
y 'AyAl
~%AgA II', ( S a Ä l \ VT^ 2—tl Ä _ - 1 t
1 0 1
\
AyA I.
oraer
\
AA I j
'loss bundles in northern
The thicker the line, the greater the concentration of isoglosses between the dialects concerned.
• • = more than 55 isoglosses ••• = 50 to 55 isoglosses • ^ = 30 to 40 isoglosses «— = 20 to 30 isoglosses — = 10 to 15 isoglosses — = less than 10 isoglosses
bundle nr distinguishing corn total isoglosses
- 1 - A4 & SA 2
-2- 'AA & SA 58
-3- SA & BaA 13,5
-4- TA & BaA 10,5
-5- SA & DA 11,5
-6- BaA & DA 31
-7- SA & DA 36,5
-8- BA & DA 61
-9- BA & BaA 52,5
-10- BA & 'AyA 53,5
Northern Sinai Littoral: approximate distribution of bedouin tribes
-11- BA & SaA 28,5 -16- AxA & 'A#A 26,5
-12- 'AgA& 'AyA 33 -17- AxA & SaA 24,5
-13- AxA & MA 50 -18- SaA & 'AgA 9,5
-14- AxA & BA 7 -19- eSA & 'AyA 54
-15- SM & 'AyA 38,5 -20- MA & 'AyA 6,5 - 2 1 - e&t & BA 13,5
Negev Desert
Sources: EUROCONSULT (1992), BAILEY (1985), MURRAY (1935)
Appendix, maps (not to scale) Northern Sinai Littoral Topography: approximate position of waypoints on the main road from alGantarah Sarg to Rafah
Approximate distances in Sinai from east to west (from alGantarah Sarg to Rafah is 187 km as the crow flies) Numbers in bold print are locations where recordings were made for this study,
nr on name of waypoint appr. distance from map and appr. distance alGanfarah Sarg
nr on map
name of waypoint and appr. distance
appr. distance from alGantarah Sarg
nr on additional map locations
37 adDab'
38 Gatyah
39 Gbârah
40 atTa'äwun
41 alKifâh
42 Garîf alGizlàn
43 Lahfan
44 alGùrah
45 adDhayr
46 Bart 21
1 alGantarah Sarg 0
20 km northeast to
2 Giibänah 20
12 km northeast to
3 Bâlùdah 32
6 km east to
4 Suhada 38
3 km east to
5 Rummânah 41
3 km east to
6 Abuw Hamra (6 October) 44
2 km east to
7 alKarâmah 46
3 km east to
8 Räb'ah 49
3 km east to
9 Amm 'Ugbah 52
3 km east to
10 asSalâm 55
2.5 km east to
11 Nagilah 57.5
2 km east to
12 alFâydah 59.5
2.5 km east to
13 anNasr 62
3.5 km east to
14 AbuwSa'dân 65.5
3 km east to
15 Nagäh 68.5
4 km east to
16 Biral'Abd 72.5
2.5 km east to
17 Mabrukah 75
3 km east to
18 asSâdât 78
3 km east to
19 Salmânah 81
7 km east to
20 Misfig 88
3 km east to
21 al'Amrâwiyyah* 90
2 km east to
22 atTläl 92
13 km east to
23 Rödah 105
3 km east to
24 Mazär 108
9.5 km east to
25 Sablkah 117.5
10 km east to
26 Mldan 127.5
10 km east to
27 Tari' 137.5
5 km east to
28 Masâ'id 142.5
6.5 km east to
29 al'Arli 149
4 km east to
30 arRisah 153
10 km east to
31 Xarräbah 163 ?
32 Gabr 'Mêr
from Xarrübah 26 km east to
33 aSSêxZwayyid 189 ?
34 Abuw Tawilah 7
35 alMäsürah
from aiSêx Zwayyid 20 km east to
36 Rafah 209
* N.B. nr 21 al'Amräwiyyah
is spelled on road signs as
al'Ammüriyyah
Appendix, maps (not to scale) m
IkJ and IkJ in inventory as separate phonemes: no (only IkJ): yes: IkJ and IkJ A
cf. 1.1.1., 3.1.12.2.
MAP 2
sl-Firdän
lim a ill i 0
DA a
reflexes for inlerdciuals */ and *d:
interdentajs lij. Id/ O stops ///, Idl Y
cf. 1.1.2.
MAP 3 Mediterranean Sea
DA O
reflex for *d and *d:
Appendix, maps (not to scale) IV
MAP 5 Mediterranean Sea
:•:•:•:•:•: 7 b>a
!-7*̂ y Po« Sijd :'.:•;•;;•;•;• ;-;•;•;•;-;•;• £*vt - • Mahzalu . y II '.• '. -. • '.} \ . • '. • • • • • • • •
^ V Pardiwi1^-'AA ''^P" S&£r \ N
"] I >! _>J/ ^ ? «S ' ^«OOftca* ^^~ '< n..— ' ^ " °
eÄA T 1 ^-^J^4^Xs
1 V
\fli4 • , £ ) y \ Q v. M O , \ ?A n
eÄA T 1 ^-^J^4^Xs
1 V
\fli4 • Wlimitedly) /
\ BaAO /
v. M O , \ ?A n
ferry -4-n al-Gantara iarj
J TAG ferry -4-n al-Gantara iarj
J TAG phonetic overlap of
1 cAyA O
tl-Flrdiu ƒƒ" ferry
al-Giayma \ /ê/ and IV: yes: 0
1 cAyA O
tl-Flrdiu ƒƒ" ferry no; • Ismiilii p i l AAO ^ cf. 1.2.2.1.. 1.2.4.5.
MAP 6
AAD i
DA O
al-Gitym'a
shortening of long vowels in unstressed positions:
not so current extremely current
Appendix, maps (not to scale)
MAPS
TA •
AAO 1
DA a
raising of the feminine suffix (T)
[i(h)] in neutral environments, not depending on pausal position
[i(h)J in neutral environments (conditioning differs from D), not depending on pausal position
between [c(i>)] and [i(h)j in pause
between [i] and [e], possible in pause • cf. 1.2.3.4.3.3.
Appendix, maps (not to scale) VI
MAP 10
AAO 1
DA a
reflexes of final *-à('):
M-A' a M-a(h) • M-ó C
cf. 1.2.4.4.
MAP 11 Mediterranean Sea ^ v / Port Said y\ 1 Lake 11***%.
Manzala \ \ j \ cAA ^2*?/ \ N
~ ^ ^ I MA O \A^AV^_ \ B A T sf .g^p-^^ \ DA a ~ ^ ^ I MA O \A^AV^_ \ B A T \ DA a
S T
ferry -*-° »I-Gintan J*rg
I cAyA O
il-Ftrdin if Ia<y
lsmaiUa a i l
\ BaAQ
1 TAa
AAO ^
S T
ferry -*-° »I-Gintan J*rg
I cAyA O
il-Ftrdin if Ia<y
lsmaiUa a i l
\ BaAQ
1 TAa
AAO ^
• 1-G»âym* \
diphthongs *ay and *aw: phonetically cond. diphthongs X-ay, X-aw,
M-ay, IW-aw 0 with poss. lengthening: X-ary, M-a:y O è, ô throughout • cf. 1.2.4.1., 1.2.4.6., 1.2.4.7.
MAP 12
DA a
stress in med. gem.:
yhütt, ylt'mm, asâdd, aSsâtt D
yähuTi, yûimm, àsadd, âssatf O
cf. 2.1.1.
Appendix, maps (not to scale) VII
MAP 13
DA a
siress in maCCaCah
mâCCaCah O
maCCâCah •
MAP 15 :>::x Mediterranean
DA a
stress in CaCaCv:
CaCâCv D
CâCaCv • CC'vCv (resyll.) O
cf. 2.1.1.2.1.
Appendix, maps (not to scale) VIII
M A P !7>:•:•: <iyy. yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy^yy. Medit^ir^neäHSea
• l-Firdioff (eny
Ismailia AA a
• 1-Gftyn»
DA O
resyllabication of CaCaCV sequence: no: CaCaCV (zalamah, gahawah, parabat) D yes: CC/CV (nouns), CCaCV (verbs) (zlimah, bfalah. ghtiwah drabat) • yes: CCICV (zlimaf\ bsatah, ghawah, drubat) O
cf. 2.1.1.2.1.6.
Mâ? 18 ï:i:^
i l-Flnäia//" terry
Ismailia 0
DA O
stress in anCaCaC I aCiaCaC: (measures n-\ and 1-r). and alCaCaC (article) ónCaCaC/aCtaCaC', and âlCaCaC O
{i)nCâCaC/(i)CtdCaC, and UCàCaC Y
cf. 2.1.1.
Appendix, maps (not to scale) IX
DA a raising of a in CaCïC(ah): CiCtC (morph. restr. but under!. \CaGO) O CiCiC -phon. cond. CaGC (underlying \CaCiC\) U CiCtC ~ CaCiC (raising optional; underlying ÏCaCîCÏ) A CaCïC (no raising; underlying \CaCiC\) • CCîC (morph. restr. of *CiCiC in neutral env. (underlying 1COCI), while CaCiC remained where C\ - X (and/or C2-LI) •
cf. 3.1.1.1.
Appendix, maps (not to scale)
i l -Gf l y m i
AAD i
raising of a in CaCCâC(ah):
CaCCâC- CiCCùC(raising is optional in neutral environments) O CiCCàC (morph. restructuring) Y
cf, 3.1.1.4
MAP 24
DA O
pattern *'âCCaC for colours and physical defects
âCCaC iCCaC
Appendix, maps (not to scale) XI
MAP 26 :. MedUcrrunean Sea Pon Slid
AAO j
DA O
i-Gfaym-a
"mother" and 'sister" :
atjiifl,uxt • (Wim, axt • umm, uxt T inun, uxt •
cf. 3.1.9.2.
DA O
i l -Guymi
7* in construction: T preceded by historical aC, or in 3pen syll. preceded by gahawah vowel -* at,
T preceded by CC or IC, or in closed syll. preceded by gahawah vowel —» it O Tpreceded by historical aC—* at, T preceded by CC or IC -*• it M 7preceded by any aC—» at, T preceded by CC or IC -* it • T in open syl!. preceded by historical aC —* at, if in closed syll. or preceded by CC or IC —* it •
r preceded by C-* at O T like in Q A, and O, buc after gahawah vowel uncertain &
cf. 3.1.10.
Appendix, maps (not to scale) XII
AAO i
DA O
al-Giayma
T-vowel elision:
/ in eligible position is elided, a is never elided D
a is elided in eligible position O
cf. 3.1.10.
MAP 29
AAO i
i l-Gftynra
DA a
analytical genitive:
O
T
cf. 3.1.11.
Sugl btâ'
AAO i
t I -Gf*yma
DA a
Gender distinction m. / f. in pi. of pronominals and verbs: yes O no T
cf. 3.1.12., 3.2.1.1., and 3.2.1.2.
Appendix, maps (not to scale) xm
3rd p. m. and f. sg. pers. prun.:
hû. hi O -hü, hi (— much less huwwa, hiyya) À, huwwa, hiyya "hü, hï Y ihwa - uhwa, ihya O huwwa, hiyya (~ much less hü, hi) •
cf. 3.1.12.1.
DA D
*1-G|itymi
1st p. c. sg. pers. pron.:
anâ{') - une (cf. map 14), (~ am' in BaA) D am'(generalized in AxA and BA) Y âna O
MAP 33 : : : : : : : : : : : MeaiterrariéiviSea
Appendix, maps (not to scale) XIV
MAP 34
AA a Ï
DA a
3rd p. m. sg. pron. suff.
v-h.(C)C-ahl(C)C-ih •
v-h, (C)C-u T
DA Y
(other bedouins O / Y )
3rd p. f. sg. pron. suff.
-hiy (bul -ûha) D
-ha-hif) • -ha T
2nd p. m. sg. pron, suff.
v-*, C-ak. CC-ak (in •A$A ihis k = k) O v-k,C-k, CC-k O v-k, C-k, CC-uk A
Appendix, maps (not to scale) xv
»1-Giayron
AAO i
invariable -ki(y) D CC-ik, C-kiy, v-kiy 9 CC-ik, v(C)-k A C-ik, -v-kiy O
cf. 3.1.12.1., 3.1.12.2.
1st p. c. sg. pron. suff. poss. obj. C-i/v-y, -nt O •yah(~C-\t v-y), -n'i • -yah I -yih, -nyahl
CC-myah O C-ilv-ya, -ni T
cf. 3.1.12.2.
AAO i
il-Gi«ym'*
DA a
m. sg, demonstrative:
häda~ hâda O hâda • hâdfy O hâda (cf. MAP 2) A dafhl di(h) Y
cf. 3.1.13.1.
Appendix, maps (not to scale) XVI
MAP 40
AAO I
ai-Gjiym»
DA a
f. sg. demonstrative hédiy, hädiy
hédiy O hädiy (or hâdi, cf. MAP 2) A di I diyy Y
MAP 41
il-FirdïnJ-/" ferry
Ismaîlia 0
DA D
distinction in m. and f. pi. demonstratives
no distinction distinction
Appendix, maps (not to scale) XVII
MAP 44
AAO 1
DA a
interrogative "how?"
D T
cf. 3.1.14.
Appendix, maps (not to scale) XVIII
MAP 47
AAO 1
DA a
• 1-Gfayra
preposition "to" + 3rd. p. m. sg. pron. suffix :
• T
A O
cf. .1.1.16.
DA a
preposition "with" + 3rd. p. m. sg. pron. suffix :
ma'dh ( - raised mi'âh) O m'ah H ma'àh (-* raised mi'âh in S(iA) T mâ'u • im'u • mi'ah O
cf. 3.].16.
Appendix, maps (not to scale) XIX
3rd p. f. pi. perf. ending:
CaCaCan, CtCCin or CaCCin O CaCaCin, OCCin Y CaCâCn, CiCi'Cn Q
cf. 3.2.1.1.
Appendix, maps (not to scale) xx
DA a
verb pcrf. CaCiC
sirib, Sarbit, liribi Sirib, sirbit, siribt sirib, sirbat, siribt sirib, sirbit, iribt
cf. 2.1.1.2.1.5., 3.2.1.1.
DA D
vowel harmony in prefix of a-typc impcrf.:
yasfab C
yisrab ^
cf. 3.2.1.2.
Appendix, maps (not to scale) XXI
MAP 55
DA a
3rd p. f. pi. imperf. ending
yaCCaCan, ylCICCin I yaCCaCin, ylCICCin Y yaCCaCn, yiCCICn O
cf. 3.2.1.2.
MAP 56
•l-Firdäc//" ferry
Iimailla 0 AA O I
DA a
imperfect primae wäw:
yawçal ~ yöfal. yôzin O
yiwçal, yiwzin Y
cf. 3.2.2.1.
MAP 57
DA a
perfect primae hamza:
akai, axad O
kal, xad Y
cf. 3.2.2.3.
Appendix, maps (not to scale) XXII
.:. 7 mn ; y AKtf«^
Î I N
DA D
imperfeci vowel in primae hamza:
u: yâkuf, yâxud O ai-Gfsynra \
i : yäkil, yâxtd M
cl". 3.2.2.3.
DA ?
active participle primae hamza:
wilh ni: mâkil. mâxiil O with w: wàkil.wâxid • withf'J: l')àkil, Ctâxid (non-Fawaxriyya) •
cf. 3.2.2.3.
DA a 3rd p. m. sg.. 1st p. c. sg., 3rd p. m. pi., 3rd p. f. pi. perf. "corne": WXBaAtiCfi.in.law.tan O lia. gil, igufw), igin A giy. gît. gàwfuw). ginn O gih, git, gum, gin • (ga (~ lia), igit, igu <- Igu), a • iga. git. Igu(tv), e T
cf. 3.2.2.6.1.
Appendix, maps (not to scale) XXIII
MAP 61
AA a i
DA a 3rd p. m. sg., Isi p. c. sg. imperf. "come":
MAP 62
AA a 1
DA a
il-G$iym'
measures /i-l, 1-/: ànCaCaC, yinCiCiC dCtaCaC.yiCtiCiC O (i)nCâCaC, yinCâCiC (i)CldCaC, yiClóCiC T (i)nCâCaC, yinCîCiC (i)CfiCaC, yiCliCiC • (i)nCdCaC, yiniCCiC (i)CtâCaC,ytaCaC •
cf. 3.2.3.1.1 „3.2.3.3.1.
Appendix, maps (not to scale) XXIV
MAP 64
AA a i
DA a
ai-Giifiymt
measure la-2 or (-2:
taCaCCaC (much less ~ (i)tCaCCaQ, yitCaCCaC -ytaCaCCaC 0
taCaCCaC ~ (i)tCaCCaQ, yitCaCCaC O
(i)lCaCCaC, yitCaCCaC V cf. 3.2.3.5.4.
MAP 65
AA a i
al-Gj*yinâ
DA a
measure 4:
in use O
not in use T
cf. 3.2.3.7.
MAP 66
AAD
DA a
al-Gfaynri
typical bedouin verbs: the CwCmCi, yCwCziCi-lype
current
not current
Appendix, maps (not to scale) XXV
MAP 68
AAO I
il-Gftynri
DA a
negation: ma + verb form ma si rib a
malnia + verb form + Ifi) ma siribs(i) •
cf. 4.2.
Appendix, maps (not to scale) XXVI
AAD i
il-Gfiynra
DA D
occurrence of yam, lam for conjunction "when":
current
not current T cf. 4.6.1.
MAP 72!
Pon Said
Lake Manzclà
IM A ?
AAD i
il-Gfaym«
DA a
gäm as a marker of consequent action:
current not current
Appendix, maps (not to scale) XXVII
^ P 7 3 " :;i::y'^^ytä$(&r#itä&*
AAO I
il-G^Byma
DA a
widd and bidd "want, need":
widd O
bidd •
cf. 4.11.
Dialect groups in Northern Sinai:
AAO 1
DA a
•1-Gfiynra
dialect groups:
Group I (Negcv-type) a Group II m Group III (near the eastern Sarqawiy -type) • Group IV (Nagdiy-type) o Eastern Sarqäwiy-iypc Y
Town dialect of al- (ArïS •