PROCEEDINGS OF SPIESPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering

UV, Optical, and IR SpaceTelescopes and Instruments

James B. BreckinridgePeter JakobsenChairs/Editors

29-31 March 2000Munich, Germany

SUB Gottingen215 086 83X

2002 B3150

Sponsored bySPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering

Cosponsored byThe European Southern Observatory

Corporate SponsorDFM Engineering, Inc. (USA)

Published bySPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering

Volume 4013

SPIE is an international technical society dedicated to advancing engineering and scientificapplications of optical, photonic, imaging, electronic, and optoelectronic technologies.

Contents

xv Conference Committeexvii Introduction

KEYNOTE PAPERS: NGST I

2 Next Generation Space Telescope [4013-87]J. C. Mather, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); H. S. Stockman, Space Telescope ScienceInstitute (USA)

1 7 Lockheed Martin team's Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST) reference architecture[4013-88]F. Martin, L Lesyna, R. J. LeRoy, M. T. Menzel, G. C. Andersen, B. Hyatt, K. J. Triebes,C. Rudiger, Lockheed Martin Corp. (USA); M. T. Stier, C. D. Cox, C. D. Delp, R. Hachkowski,G. Hardman, M. j . Keane, M. J. MacFarlane, A. Mordino, M. H. Krim, Raytheon Co. (USA)

27 TRW/Ball: Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST) [4013-89]J. H. Crocker, Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp (USA); C. B. Atkinson, TRW, Inc. (USA);D. C. Ebbets, Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. (USA); L. Gilman, TRW, Inc. (USA);P. A. Lightsey, D. C. Neam, Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. (USA); S. C. Texter, TRW,Inc. (USA)

FAR INFRARED

36 Scientific motivation and technology requirements for the SPIRIT and SPECS far-infrared/submillimeter space interferometers [4013-01]D. T. Leisawitz, W. C. Danchi, M. J. DiPirro, L. D. Feinberg, D. Y. Gezari, M. Hagopian, NASAGoddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); W. D. Langer, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA); J. C. Mather,S. H. Moseley, Jr., NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); M. Shao, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA);R. F. Silverberg, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); J. Staguhn, NASA Goddard SpaceFlight Ctr. (USA) and Raytheon Co. (USA); M. R. Swain, H. W. Yorke, Jet Propulsion Lab.(USA); X. Zhang, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA) and Raytheon Co. (USA)

47 FIS: far-infrared surveyor on board ASTRO-F (IRIS) [4013-02]H. Takahashi, Nagoya Univ. (Japan) and Japan Science and Technology Corp.; H. Shibai,M. Kawada, T. Hirao, T. Watabe, Y. Tsuduku, H. Nagata, H. Utsuno, Y. Hibi, S. Hirooka,Nagoya Univ. (Japan); T. Nakagawa, H. Kaneda, S. Matsuura, T. KM, S. Makiuti, Y. Okamura,Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (Japan); Y. Doi, Univ. of Tokyo (Japan); H. Matsuo,National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; N. Hiromoto, M. Fujiwara, CommunicationsResearch Lab. (Japan); M. Noda, Nagoya City Science Museum (Japan)

59 Infrared camera (IRC) on board ASTRO-F (IRIS): design overview and current status [4013-03]H. Watarai, S. Fujita, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (Japan); D. Ishihara, Univ. ofTokyo (Japan); W. Kim, I. Maeda, H. Matsuhara, T. Matsumoto, H. Murakami, Institute of Spaceand Astronautical Science (Japan); T. Negishi, T. Onaka, T. Ootsubo, N. Takeyama, Univ. ofTokyo (Japan); K. Uemizu, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (Japan); M. Ueno, Univ.of Tokyo (Japan); T. Wada, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (Japan)

69 Very wide band telescope for Planck using optical and radio frequency techniques [401 3-04]G. Fargant, D. Dubruel, M. Cornut, J.-B. Riti, Alcatel Space Industries (France); T. Passvogel,P. J. De Maagt, M. Anderegg, J. Tauber, European Space Agency/ESTEC (Netherlands)

80 Development of the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) [4013-114]D. B. Gallagher, L. L. Simmons, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA)

90 Spaceborne 640-GHz SIS receiver based on a 4-K mechanical cooler [4013-24]Y. Fujii, K. Kikuchi, J. Inatani, National Space Development Agency of Japan; Y. Irimajiri,M. Seta, S. Ochiai, T. Manabe, H. Masuko, Communications Research Lab. (Japan); T. Noguchi,Nobeyama Radio Observatory/National Astronomical Observatory (Japan); K. Narasaki,S. Tsunematsu, Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. (Japan); T. Shirota, Nihon Tsushiki Co.,Ltd. (Japan)

100 32-pixel FIRGA demonstrator: testing of a gallium arsenide photoconductor array for far-infrared astronomy [4013-27]R. O. Katterloher, L. Barl, G. Jakob, M. Konuma, Max-Planck-lnstitut fur extraterrestrischePhysik (Germany); E. E. Haller, Univ. of California/Berkeley (USA) and Lawrence BerkeleyNational Lab. (USA); O. Frenzl, ANTEC GmbH (Germany); L. Hermans, IMEC (Belgium)

109 FIRST PACS focal plane unit [4013-29]R. Graue, D. Kampf, Kayser-Threde GmbH (Germany); A. Poglitsch, N. Geis, Max-Planck-lnstitut fur extraterrestrische Physik (Germany)

119 Optical design of the SPIRE instrument for FIRST [4013-31 ]K. Dohlen, A. Origne, D. Pouliquen, Lab. d'Astrophysique de Marseille (France);B. M. Swinyard, Rutherford Appleton Lab. (UK)

129 Reflectance measurements on submillimeter absorbing coatings for HIFI [4013-122]M. C. Diez, T. O. Klaassen, Delft Univ. of Technology (Netherlands); C. Smorenburg,V. Kirschner, TNO Institute of Applied Physics (Netherlands); K. J. Wildeman, Space ResearchOrganization Netherlands

FIRST I

142 ESA FIRST cornerstone mission [4013-06]G. L. Pilbratt, European Space Agency/ESTEC (Netherlands)

152 FIRST/Planck program: current status [4013-07]T. Passvogel, F. Felici, European Space Agency/ESTEC (Netherlands)

161 FIRST payload module and accommodation of instruments [4013-08]B. Collaudin, European Space Agency/ESTEC (Netherlands); J. Schupp, A. Hauser, DornierSatellitensysteme GmbH (Germany); A. Wagner, DaimlerChrysler Aerospace AG (Germany)

173 Design progression of an all-composite primary mirror for the FIRST Telescope [4013-09]S. J. Connell, K. J. Dodson, Z. Friedman, B. Cantanzaro, S. A. Whitmore, Composite Optics Inc.(USA); E. J. Cohen, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA)

184 SPIRE instrument for FIRST [4013-10]M. J. Griffin, Queen Mary and Westfield College (UK); B. M. Swinyard, Rutherford AppletonLab. (UK); L. G. Vigroux, CEA-Service d'Astrophysique (France)

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196 FIRST-SPIRE spectrometer: a novel imaging FTS for the submillimeter [4013-11]B. M. Swinyard, Rutherford Appleton Lab. (UK); P. A. Ade, M. J. Griffin, Queen Mary andWestfield College (UK); K. Dohlen, J.-P. Baluteau, D. Pouliquen, D. Ferand, P. Dargent, Lab.d'Astrophysique de Marseille (France); G. Michel, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon (France);J. Martignac, L. Rodriguez, CEA-Service d'Astrophysique (France); D. E. Jennings, NASAGoddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); M. E. Caldwell, A. G. Richards, Rutherford Appleton Lab.(UK); P. A. Hamilton, Queen Mary and Westfield College (UK); D. A. Naylor, Univ. ofLethbridge (Canada)

FIRST II

210 Beam pattern (diffraction) aspects in design of the SPIRE instrument [4013-12]M. E. Caldwell, B. M. Swinyard, A. G. Richards, Rutherford Appleton Lab. (UK); K. Dohlen,Lab. d'Astrophysique de Marseille (France)

221 Photoconductor array camera and spectrometer (PACS) for the Far-Infrared andSubmillimeter Telescope (FIRST) [401 3-1 3]A. Poglitsch, Max-Planck-lnstitut fur extraterrestrische Physik (Germany); C. Waelkens,Katholieke Univ. Leuven (Belgium); N. Geis, Max-Planck-lnstitut fur extraterrestrische Physik(Germany)

233 FIRST-PACS: design and performance of the sensor engineering models [4013-14]S. Kraft, O. Frenzl, ANTEC GmbH (Germany); O. Charlier, T. Cronje, IMEC (Belgium);R. O. Katterloher, D. Rosenthal, Max-Planck-lnstitut fur extraterrestrische Physik (Germany);U. Grozinger, Max-Planck-lnstitut fur Astronomie (Germany); J. W. Beeman, Lawrence BerkeleyNational Lab. (USA)

244 Data reduction concept for FIRST/PACS [4013-1 5]H. Bischof, A. N. Belbachir, D. Honigmann, Vienna Univ. of Technology (Austria);F. Kerschbaum, Institut fur Astronomie/Univ. Wien (Austria)

253 Evaluation of FIRST/PACS data compression on ISO data [4013-16]F. Kerschbaum, Institut fiir Astronomie/Univ. Wien (Austria); H. Bischof, A. N. Belbachir,Vienna Univ. of Technology (Austria); T. Lebzelter, Institut fur Astronomie/Univ. Wien(Austria); D. Honigmann, Vienna Univ. of Technology (Austria)

FIRST III

264 Local oscillator system for the heterodyne instrument for FIRST (HIFI) [4013-18]J. C. Pearson, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA); R. Guesten, T. Klein, Max-Planck-lnstitut furRadioastronomie (Germany); N. D. Whyborn, Space Research Organization Netherlands

275 MMIC power amplifiers as local oscillator drivers for FIRST [4013-19]L. A. Samoska, T. C. Gaier, A. Peralta, S. Weinreb, J. Bruston, I. Mehdi, Jet Propulsion Lab.(USA); Y. C. Chen, H. H. Liao, M. Nishimoto, R. Lai, TRW, Inc. (USA); H. Wang, NationalTaiwan University; Y. C. Leong, Univ. of Massachusetts/Amherst (USA)

285 Development of 200-GHz to 2.7-THz multiplier chains for submillimeter-wave heterodynereceivers [4013-20]J. Bruston, E. Schlecht, A. Maestrini, F. Maiwald, S. C. Martin, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA);R. P. Smith, Cree Inc. (USA); I. Mehdi, P. H. Siegel, J. C. Pearson, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA)

296 IF amplifier stability for the heterodyne instrument for FIRST (HIFI) [401 3-21]M. D. Seiffert, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA); J. D. Gallego, I. L. Fernandez, Ctr. Astronomico deYebes (Spain); N. D. Whyborn, Space Research Organization Netherlands; J. C. Pearson, JetPropulsion Lab. (USA)

305 Wideband high-resolution versatile spectrometer proposed for FIRST-HIFl [401 3-22]L. Ravera, CNRS-CESR (France); Ph. Cais, Observatoire de Bordeaux (France); M. Giard,CNRS-CESR (France); A. Baudry, Observatoire de Bordeaux (France); D. Lagrange, CNRS-CESR(France); G. Montignac, Observatoire de Bordeaux (France); J. L. Noullet, INSA-Toulouse(France); E. Caux, A. Cros, CNRS-CESR (France); J. M. Desbats, Observatoire de Bordeaux(France); J. B. Begueret, D. Navarro, N. Lavigne, IXL (France)

313 Wideband spectrometer for HIFI-FIRST [401 3-23]R. T. Schieder, O. Siebertz, F. Schloeder, C. Gal, J. Stutzki, Univ. Koln (Germany); P. Hartogh,Max-Planck-lnstitut fur Aeronomie (Germany); V. Natale, CAISMI-CNR (Italy)

325 Cold read-out electronics for FIRST space telescope: CMOS design at 4 K [401 3-25]O. Charlier, IMEC (Belgium)

UV AND OPTICAL I

334 On-orbit performance of the Far-ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) [4013-57]D. J. Sahnow, H. W. Moos, T. B. Ake, B.-G. Andersson, Johns Hopkins Univ. (USA); M. Andre,Johns Hopkins Univ. (USA) and Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (France); D. Artis, JohnsHopkins Univ. (USA); A. F. Berman, W. P. Blair, Johns Hopkins Univ. (USA);K. R. Brownsberger, Univ. of Colorado/Boulder (USA); H. M. Calvani, Johns Hopkins Univ.(USA); P. Chayer, Johns Hopkins Univ. (USA) and Univ. of Victoria (Canada); S. J. Conard,P. D. Feldman, S. D. Friedman, Johns Hopkins Univ. (USA); A. W. Fullerton, Johns HopkinsUniv. (USA) and Univ. of Victoria (Canada); G. A. Gaines, Univ. of California/Berkeley (USA);J. C. Green, Univ. of Colorado/Boulder (USA); M. A. Gummin, MAG Systems (USA); J. B. Joyce,M. E. Kaiser, J. W. Kruk, Johns Hopkins Univ. (USA); D. J. Lindler, Advanced ComputerConcepts, Inc. (USA); D. Massa, Raytheon Co. (USA); E. M. Murphy, W. R. Oegerle, R. G. Ohl,Johns Hopkins Univ. (USA); S. N. Osterman, Univ. of Colorado/Boulder (USA); B. A. Roberts,K. C. Roth, R. Sankrit, K. R. Sembach, R. L. Shelton, Johns Hopkins Univ. (USA);O. H. W. Siegmund, Univ. of California/Berkeley (USA); H. A. Weaver, Johns Hopkins Univ.(USA);E. Wilkinson, Univ. of Colorado/Boulder (USA)

344 Advanced camera for surveys [401 3-58]M. Clampin, H. C. Ford, F. Bartko, P. Y. Bely, T. Broadhurst, C. J. Burrows, E. S. Cheng,J. H. Crocker, M. Franx, P. D. Feldman, D. A. Golimowski, G. F. Hartig, G. Illingworth,R. A. Kimble, M. P. Lesser, G. H. Miley, M. Postman, M. D. Rafal, P. Rosati, W. B. Sparks,Z. Tsvetanov, R. L. White, ACS Science and Engineering Definition Team (USA); P. Sullivan,NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); P. Volmer, T. Lajeunesse, Ball Aerospace &Technologies Corp. (USA)

352 Cosmic origins spectrograph [4013-59]J. C. Green, Univ. of Colorado/Boulder (USA)

360 FUV grating performance for the cosmic origins spectrograph [4013-60]S. N. Osterman, E. Wilkinson, J. C. Green, Univ. of Colorado/Boulder (USA); K. W. Redman,Mantech Systems Engineering Corp. (USA)

367 Widef ield camera 3 for the Hubble Space Telescope [4013-61 ]E. S. Cheng, R. J. Hill, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); J. W. MacKenty, L. Cawley,P. Knezek, R. E. Kutina, C. M. Lisse, O. L. Lupie, M. Robberto, M. Stiavelli, Space TelescopeScience Institute (USA); R. W. O'Connell, Univ. of Virginia (USA); B. Balick, Univ. ofWashington (USA); H. Bond, D. Calzetti, Space Telescope Science Institute (USA); M. Carollo,Johns Hopkins Univ. (USA); M. Disney, Univ. of Wales at Cardiff (UK); M. Dopita, Mt. Stromloand Siding Spring Observatories (Australia); J. Frogel, The Ohio State Univ. (USA);D. N. B. Hall, Univ. of Hawaii/Manoa (USA); J. Hester, Arizona State Univ. (USA); J. Holtzman,New Mexico State Univ. (USA); G. A. Luppino, Univ. of Hawaii/Manoa (USA); P. McCarthy,Carnegie Observatories of the Carnegie Institute of Washington (USA); F. Paresce, EuropeanSouthern Observatory (Germany); A. Saha, National Optical Astronomy Observatories (USA);J. Silk, Univ. of California/Berkeley (USA); J. T. Trauger, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA); A. Walker,National Optical Astronomy Observatories (USA); B. Whitmore, Space Telescope ScienceInstitute (USA); R. Windhorst, Arizona State Univ. (USA); E. T. Young, Steward Observatory/Univ. of Arizona (USA)

374 HST10X: the installation mission [401 3-62]J. H. Crocker, Ball Aerospace & Technology Corp. (USA); D. A. Dufford, Johns HopkinsUniv. (USA)

386 Performance of HST as an infrared telescope [401 3-80]M. Robberto, A. Sivaramakrishnan, J. J. Bacinski, D. Calzetti, J. E. Krist, J. W. MacKenty, SpaceTelescope Science Inst. (USA); J. Piquero, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); M. Stiavelli,Space Telescope Science Institute (USA)

394 Low-cost attitude determination system and imager with embedded compression [4013-83]J. W. Percival, B. Babler, R. Bonomo, S. Gabelt, W. M. Harris, K. A. Jaehnig, D. E. Michalski,K. H. Nordsieck, Univ. of Wisconsin/Madison (USA)

UV AND OPTICAL II

402 Development challenges for the GALEX UV sealed tube detectors [4013-63]D. L. Doliber, Darrel L. Doliber Consulting (USA); J. M. Stock, S. R. Jelinsky, J. Malloy,P. N. Jelinsky, O. H. W. Siegmund, J. S. Hull, Univ. of California/Berkeley (USA)

411 Stability of quantum efficiency and visible light rejection of alkali halide photocathodes[4013-64]A. S. Tremsin, O. H. W. Siegmund, Univ. of California/Berkeley (USA)

421 Calibrations and flight performance of the extreme ultraviolet opacity rocket [4013-66]K. S. Gunderson, E. Wilkinson, J. C. Green, Univ. of Colorado/Boulder (USA)

426 Holographic telescope design for narrowband imaging in the far ultraviolet [4013-67]E. Wilkinson, R. Indebetouw, Univ. of Colorado/Boulder (USA)

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433 Spaceguard-1: a space-based observatory for NEO physical characterization and discovery[4013-68]A. Cellino, M. Di Martino, E. Dotto, P. Tanga, V. Zappala, Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino(Italy); S. D. Price, M. P. Egan, Air Force Research Lab. (USA); E. F. Tedesco, TerraSystems Inc.(USA); A. Carusi, A. Boattini, P. Persi, Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale (Italy); K. Muinonen,Astronomical Observatory/Univ. of Helsinki (Finland); A. W. Harris, DLR (Germany);M. M. Castronuovo, Scuola di Ingegneria Aerospaziale (Italy); M. Bailey, Armagh Observatory(UK); J. Lagerros, Uppsala Astronomical Observatory (Sweden); L. Bussolino, A. Ferri,P. Merlina, Alenia Aerospazio (Italy); A. Mariani, S. Brogi, Alenia Difesa (Italy); T. L. Murdock,Frontier Technology, Inc. (USA)

444 Space instrument for astrometric measurement of the sun and stars [4013-82]D. D. Polojentsev, Y. Streletsky, Pulkovo Observatory (Russia)

UV AND OPTICAL III

450 High-precision space photometer: COROT [4013-69]W. W. Weiss, Univ. Wien (Austria); A. Baglin, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon (France)

453 GAIA: origin and evolution of the Milky Way [401 3-70]G. F. Gilmore, Institute of Astronomy/Univ. of Cambridge (UK); K. S. de Boer, Sternwarte derUniv. Bonn (Germany); F. Favata, European Space Agency/ESTEC (Netherlands); E. Hog,Copenhagen Univ. Observatory (Denmark); M. G. Lattanzi, Osservatorio Astronomico diTorino (Italy); L. Lindegren, Lund Observatory (Sweden); X. Luri, Univ. de Barcelona (Spain);F. Mignard, Ctr. d'Etudes et de Recherches Geodynamiques et Astronomiques (France);M. A. Perryman, European Space Agency/ESTEC (Netherlands); P. T. de Zeeuw, SterrewachtLeiden (Netherlands)

473 Full-sky Astrometric Mapping Explorer: an optical astrometric survey mission [4013-71]S. D. Homer, Lockheed Martin Corp. (USA); M. E. Germain, F. H. Harris, U.S. NavalObservatory; M. S. Johnson, Naval Research Lab. (USA); K. J. Johnston, D. G. Monet,M. A. Murison, U.S. Naval Observatory; J. D. Phillips, R. D. Reasenberg, SmithsonianAstrophysical Observatory (USA); P. K. Seidelmann, S. E. Urban, U.S. Naval Observatory;R. H. Vassar, Lockheed Martin Corp. (USA)

482 Full-sky Astrometric Mapping Explorer (FAME) CCD centroiding experiment [401 3-72]K. J. Triebes, L. Gilliam, T. Hilby, S. D. Homer, P. Perkins, R. H. Vassar, Lockheed MartinPalo Alto Advanced Technology Ctr. (USA); F. H. Harris, D. G. Monet, U.S. Naval Observatory(USA)

493 Architecting the search for terrestrial planets and related origins (ASTRO) [401 3-74]D. W. Miller, A. W. Curtis, O. L. de Week, E. Frazzoli, A. R. Girerd, T. L. Hacker, C. D. Jilla,E. M. Kong, B. Makins, S. Pak, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (USA)

UV AND OPTICAL IV

508 CCD photometry tests for a mission to detect Earth-sized planets in the extended solarneighborhood [4013-75]D. G. Koch, W. J. Borucki, NASA Ames Research Ctr. (USA); E. W. Dunham, LowellObservatory (USA); J. M. Jenkins, SETI Institute (USA); L. Webster, NASA Ames Research Ctr.(USA); F. Witteborn, Orbital Sciences Corp. (USA)

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520 Processing CCD images to detect transits of Earth-sized planets: maximizing sensitivity whileachieving reasonable downlink requirements [4013-76]J. M. Jenkins, SETI Institute (USA); F. Wittebom, Orbital Sciences Corp. (USA); D. G. Koch,NASA Ames Research Ctr. (USA); E. W. Dunham, Lowell Observatory (USA); W. J. Borucki,NASA Ames Research Ctr. (USA); T. F. Updike, M. A. Skinner, S. P. Jordan, Ball Aerospace &Technologies Corp. (USA)

532 Radiation damage effects on the CCD detector of the space telescope imaging spectrograph[4013-117]R. A. Kimble, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); P. Goudfrooij, R. L. Gilliland, SpaceTelescope Science Institute (USA)

LARGE SPACE OPTICS I

546 Wavefront control for a segmented deployable space telescope [401 3-11 5]D. C. Redding, S. A. Basinger, D. Cohen, A. E. Lowman, F. Shi, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA);P. Y. Bely, Space Telescope Science Institute (USA); C. W. Bowers, R. Burg, L. A. Burns,P. S. Davila, B. H. Dean, G. E. Mosier, T. A. Norton, P. Petrone, B. D. Perkins, M. E. Wilson,NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA)

559 Deployable optical telescope ground demonstration [401 3-33]K. D. Bell, R. L. Moser, The Aerospace Corp. (USA); M. K. Powers, R. S. Erwin, Air ForceResearch Lab. (USA)

568 Joint NASA and DoD deployable optics space experiment [4013-34]M. R. Schulthess, Air Force Research Lab. (USA); M. B. Levine, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA);K. D. Bell, The Aerospace Corp. (USA); S. Leonard, Air Force Research Lab. (USA);M. W, Vanik, The Aerospace Corp. (USA)

580 Micromirror-array unit-magnification multiobject spectrograph for NGST [4013-120]F. Zamkotsian, K. Dohlen, V. Buat, D. Burgarella, Lab. d'Astrophysique de Marseille (France)

587 Holographically corrected telescope with temporal update [4013-36]G. P. Andersen, R. J. Knize, U.S. Air Force Academy

595 HSTto HST10X: a second revolution in space science [401 3-86]H. C. Ford, Johns Hopkins Univ. (USA); J. R. P. Angel, Optical Science Ctr./Univ. of Arizona(USA); C. J. Burrows, Space Telescope Science Institute (USA); J. A. Morse, Univ. of Colorado/Boulder (USA); J. T. Trauger, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA); D. A. Dufford, Johns Hopkins Univ.(USA)

604 Explorer-class astrobiology mission [4013-119]S. Sandford, T. P. Greene, L. Allamandola, R. Arno, J. D. Bregman, S. Cox, P. K. Davis,A. Gonzalez, M. R. Haas, R. P. Hanel, M. Hines, D. Hudgins, R. Jackson, P. Kittel, D. Lozier,S. S. Maa, C. R. McCreight, NASA Ames Research Ctr. (USA)

616 Optical design of polarimeter for Space Solar Telescope [4013-84]D. Wang, G. Ai, C. Sun, Y. Deng, Beijing Astronomical Observatory (China) and NationalAstronomical Ctr. of Observatories (China)

625 Simple way of mirror support in Space Solar Telescope [4013-54]H. Zhang, National Astronomical Observatories (China)

LARGE SPACE OPTICS II: MIRRORS

634 Ultralightweight and hyperthin rollable primary mirror for space telescopes [401 3-38]R. C. Romeo, Composite Mirror Applications, Inc. (USA); A. B. Meinel, M. P. Meinel, JetPropulsion Lab. (USA); P. C. Chen, Composite Mirror Applications, Inc. (USA)

640 Active mirror technology for large space telescopes [4013-39]J. H. Burge, Optical Sciences Ctr./Univ. of Arizona (USA) and Steward Observatory/Univ.of Arizona (USA); B. Cuerden, J. R. P. Angel, Steward Observatory/Univ. of Arizona (USA)

649 Perspectives on primary mirror figure control for a space-based optical telescope [4013-40]D. C. Neam, P. A. Lightsey, J. H. Crocker, Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. (USA)

655 Hygrothermal stability of laminated CFRP composite mirrors [401 3-41]M. K. Pryor, Composite Optics Inc. (USA)

663 UltraLITE glass/composite hybrid mirror [401 3-42]B. E. Catanzaro, D. Keane, S. J. Connell, Composite Optics Inc. (USA); D. Baiocchi,J. H. Burge, Optical Sciences Ctr./Univ. of Arizona (USA); A. K. Maji, M. K. Powers, Air ForceResearch Lab. (USA)

672 C/SiC advanced mirror system demonstrator design [4013-43]B. E. Catanzaro, G. V. Mehle, M. A. Seilonen, Composite Optics Inc. (USA); U. Papenburg,C. Muller, W. Pfrang, G. S. Kutter, Industrieanlagen-Betriebsgesellschaft mbH (USA); E. Ruch,R. Mercier, REOSC-SAGEM (France); P. A. Lightsey, S. Streetman, D. C. Neam, Ball Aerospace& Technologies Corp. (USA)

LARGE SPACE OPTICS III: SPACE OPTICAL TELESCOPES

682 Future trends in large space optics (Invited Paper) [4013-44]J. S. Fender, Air Force Research Lab. (USA)

687 Ultralightweight optics for space applications [4013-45]J. W. Mayo, Logicon Inc. (USA); L. L. DeHainaut, Air Force Research Lab. (USA); K. D. Bell,The Aerospace Corp. (USA); W. S. Smith, NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr. (USA);D. H. Killpatrick, Logicon Inc. (USA); R. W. Dyer, Schafer Corp. (USA)

699 Stretched membrane with electrostatic curvature (SMEC): a new technology forultralightweight space telescopes [4013-73]J. R. P. Angel, J. H. Burge, E. K. Hege, M. A. Kenworthy, N. J. Woolf, Steward Observatory/Univ. of Arizona (USA)

706 Imaging Fourier transform spectrometer for NGST [4013-111]W. Posselt, Dornier Satellitensysteme GmbH (Germany); G. S. Wright, Royal ObservatoryEdinburgh (UK); O. Le Fevre, Lab. d'Astronomie Spatiale (France); K. W. Cornelisse,P. Jakobsen, European Space Agency/ESTEC (Netherlands)

715 Experimental control of microdynamic events observed during the testing of a largedeployable optical structure [4013-48]R. L. Moser, The Aerospace Corp. (USA); R. S. Erwin, Air Force Research Lab. (USA);K. N. Schrader, SVS, Inc. (USA); K. D. Bell, The Aerospace Corp. (USA); S. F. Griffin,M. K. Powers, Air Force Research Lab. (USA)

LARGE SPACE OBJECTS IV: WAVEFRONT CONTROL

728 Novel estimator for the aberrations of a space telescope by phase diversity [401 3-50]A. Blanc, Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales (France) and EcoleSuperieure d'Electricite (France); J. Idier, Ecole Superieure d'Electricite (France); L. M. Mugnier,Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales (France)

737 Predictor approach to closed-loop phase-diversity wavefront sensing [401 3-51]M. G. Lofdahl, G. B. Scharmer, Stockholm Observatory (Sweden)

749 Performance of wavefront sensing and control algorithms on a segmented telescope testbed[4013-52]S. A. Basinger, D. C. Redding, A. E. Lowman, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA); L. A. Burns, NASAGoddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); K. Y. Liu, D. Cohen, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA)

757 DCATT dispersed fringe sensor: modeling and experimenting with the transmissive phaseplates [401 3-53]F. Shi, D. C. Redding, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA); C. W. Bowers, NASA Goddard Space FlightCtr. (USA); A. E. Lowman, S. A. Basinger, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA); T. A. Norton, P. Petrone,P. S. Davila, M. E. Wilson, R. Boucarut, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA)

763 Initial test results from the Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST) wavefront sensing andcontrol testbed (WCT) [4013-116]C. W. Bowers, P. S. Davila, B. H. Dean, B. D. Perkins, M. E. Wilson, NASA Goddard SpaceFlight Ctr. (USA); D. C. Redding, S. A. Basinger, D. Cohen, A. E. Lowman, F. Shi, Jet PropulsionLab. (USA); L. A. Burns, Science Systems Applications, Inc. (USA); M. W. Fitzmaurice,T. A. Norton, Swales and Associates, Inc. (USA); P. Petrone, NSI Technical Services Corp.(USA); L. Wheeler, The Hammers Corp. (USA)

774 Resolving piston ambiguities when phasing a segmented mirror [4013-55]M. G. Lofdahl, Stockholm Observatory (Sweden); H. Eriksson, Royal Institute of Technology(Sweden)

NGST II

784 Technology for the Next Generation Space Telescope [4013-90]D. R. Coulter, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA); D. N. Jacobson, NASA Marshall Space FlightCtr. (USA)

795 NGST integrated science instrument module (ISIM) [4013-91]M. A. Greenhouse, P. H. Geithher, M. M. Jurotich, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA);K. S. Long, Space Telescope Science Institute (USA); C. R. McCreight, NASA Ames ResearchCtr. (USA)

800 Detector requirements for NGST [4013-92]C. R. McCreight, NASA Ames Research Ctr. (USA); A. M. Fowler, National Optical AstronomyObservatories (USA); T. P. Greene, NASA Ames Research Ctr. (USA); M. A. Greenhouse, NASAGoddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); D. N. B. Hall, Univ. of Hawaii/Manoa (USA); K. S. Long,J. W. MacKenty, Space Telescope Science Institute (USA); R. J. Martineau, NASA GoddardSpace Flight Ctr. (USA); J. L. Pipher, Univ. of Rochester (USA); M. E. Ressler, Jet PropulsionLab. (USA); E. T. Young, Univ. of Arizona (USA)

810 Integrated modeling of a semirigid hybrid mirror and a highly actuated membrane mirror ascandidates for the Next Generation Space Telescope [4013-93]L. Craig, NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr. (USA); B. Cuerden, Steward Observatory/Univ. ofArizona (USA); D. N. Jacobson, NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr. (USA); A. Kissil, JetPropulsion Lab. (USA); G. V. Mehle, Composite Optics Inc. (USA); G. E. Mosier, NASAGoddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); M. E. Nein, Pace & Waite, Inc. (USA); T. Page, K. Pitalo,NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr. (USA); D. C. Redding, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA); S. Sutherlin,Raytheon Co. (USA); G. W. Wilkerson, Micro Craft, Inc. (USA)

826 NGST OTA optical metrology instrumentation and conceptual approaches [401 3-94]R. A. Keski-Kuha, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); P. Y. Bely, Space Telescope ScienceInstitute (USA); R. Burg, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); J. H. Burge, Univ. of Arizona(USA); P. S. Davila, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); J. M. Geary, Univ. of Alabama inHuntsville (USA); J. G. Hagopian, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); D. N. Jacobson,NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr. (USA); A. E. Lowman, S. A. Macenka, Jet Propulsion Lab.(USA); J. D. Mangus, Bart & Associates Inc. (USA); C. M. Perrygo, Swales Aerospace (USA);D. C. Redding, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA); B. N. Saif, Swales Aerospace (USA); W. S. Smith,NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr. (USA); J. C. Wyant, Univ. of Arizona (USA)

NGST III

838 Filter wheel cameras for the NGST [4013-97]W. Posselt, Dornier Satellitensysteme GmbH (Germany); O. Le Fevre, Lab d'AstronomieSpatiale (France); G. S. Wright, Royal Observatory Edinburgh (UK); P.-O. Lagage, CEA Saclay(France); K. W. Cornelisse, P. Jakobsen, European Space Agency/ESTEC (Netherlands)

851 ESA NGST integral field and multiobject spectrograph slicer system [4013-99]R. Content, J. R. Allington-Smith, D. J. Robertson, Univ. of Durham (UK); O. Le Fevre, E. Prieto,Lab. d'Astronomie Spatiale (France); B. Delabre, European Southern Observatory (Germany);W. Posselt, Dornier Satellitensysteme GmbH (Germany)

861 Near-IR Fabry-Perot interferometer for widefield low-resolution hyperspectral imaging onthe Next Generation Space Telescope [4013-100]R. K. Barry, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); S. Satyapal, Space Telescope ScienceInstitute (USA); M. A. Greenhouse, R. Barclay, D. D. Amato, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr.(USA); B. Arritt, U.S. Air Force; G. Brown, V. Harvey, C. Holt, J. L. Kuhn, NASA Goddard SpaceFlight Ctr. (USA); L. Lesyna, Lockheed Martin Corp. (USA); N. J. Fonneland, T. W. Hilgeman,Northrop Grumman Corp. (USA)

872 MIRIFS: a mid-IR integral field spectrograph for NGST [4013-101]M. Wells, E. Atad-Ettedgui, P. R. Hastings, Royal Observatory Edinburgh (UK); W. Posselt,Dornier Satellitensysteme GmbH (Germany); G. S. Wright, Royal Observatory Edinburgh (UK);P.-O. Lagage, CEA Saclay (France); O. Le Fevre, Lab. d'Astronomie Spatiale (France)

NGST IV

884 Sunshield technology and flight experiment for the Next Generation Space Telescope[4013-102]L. K. Pacini, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); M. C. Lou, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA);J. D. Johnston, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA); S. Lienard, Universities Space ResearchAssociation (USA)

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894 Onboard science data processing for NGST: algorithms and architectures [4013-103]L. Scandelli, A. Bonati, I. Bruno, Laben SpA (Italy); P. A. Caraveo, Istituto di FisicaCosmica/CNR (Italy); K. W. Cornelisse, European Space Agency/ESTEC (Netherlands);U. Denskat, Dornier Satellitensysteme GmbH (Germany); M. Pecora, Laben SpA (Italy)

908 Charged particle environment for NGST: model development [401 3-104]W. C. Blackwell, J. I. Minow, Sverdrup Technology, Inc. (USA); S. W. Evans, D. M. Hardage,R. M. Suggs, NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr. (USA)

920 Integrated modeling and dynamics simulation for the Next Generation Space Telescope(NGST) [4013-105]O. L. de Week, D. W. Miller, G. J. Mallory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (USA);G. E. Mosier, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA)

935 Recent developments in hybrid mirror technology for the Next Generation Space Telescope[4013-107]G. V. Mehle, K. J. Dodson, Composite Optics Inc. (USA); E. Ruch, REOSC-SAGEM (France)

942 Charged particle environment for NGST: L2 plasma environment statistics [4013-113]J. I. Minow, W. C. Blackwell, L. F. Neergaard, Sverdrup Technology, Inc. (USA); S. W. Evans,D. M. Hardage, J. K. Owens, NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr. (USA)

954 Telescope simulator for the Nexus wavefront control testbed [4013-56]A. E. Lowman, F. Shi, D. C. Redding, S. A. Basinger, Jet Propulsion Lab. (USA); C. W. Bowers,P. S. Davila, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA)

962 Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST) thin film materials test program [4013-109]C. E. Powers, J. M. Townsend, E. M. Wooldridge, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (USA);J. W. Connell, NASA Langley Research Ctr. (USA); J. Dever, NASA Glenn Research Ctr. (USA);D. L. Edwards, NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr. (USA); W. Peters, Swales & Associates,Inc. (USA)

970 Addendum973 Author Index

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