Using visual aids effectively
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Transcript of Using visual aids effectively
What is a visual aid?
Figures Talk slides Posters
What is a
Figures Talk slidesPosters
• Helps your audience understand
• Often simple
• Interesting » Humour / Different / Interactive
good visual aid?
What is a
Figures Talk slidesPosters
good visual aid?
• Target audience / Content focus
• Good impressions / Visual aids
• Data visualisation / Workshop
Planning• Target audience
» One size does not fit all
» Be sympathetic - put yourselves in their shoes
» Aim for the lowest common denominator
• Content planning » Plan from the top down, not from the details up
» Write down an outline before you start
» Think about an “elevator pitch”
Elevator Pitch
distillation of idea
all work
core concept
Elevator Pitch
distillation of idea
all work
core concept
• Paper abstracts
• Graphical ToCs
• Talk poster / focus
• Coffee chat
Best / Worst Examples
Phil Ewels - Challenging samples for NGS / 20
Sample Setup
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SciLifeLab ID Library Prep Starting amount Sequenced Reads
P1102_101 Manual 1000 ng 38,995,594
P1102_102 Manual 1000 ng 37,663,274
P1102_103 Manual 1000 ng 39,666,722
P1102_104 Manual 500 ng 35,332,272
P1102_105 Manual 200 ng 40,568,034
P1102_106 Manual 50 ng 47,044,650
P2011_1005 NeoPrep Run 1 25 ng 93,316,971
P2011_1006 NeoPrep Run 1 25 ng 115,648,988
P2011_1007 NeoPrep Run 1 25 ng 118,489,187
P2013_1004 NeoPrep Run 2 25 ng 72,128,476
P2013_1005 NeoPrep Run 2 25 ng 62,774,142
Phil Ewels - Challenging samples for NGS / 20
Sample Setup
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Sample Library Prep Starting amount (ng) Sequenced Reads (M)
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2 Manual
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Visual Design
Introduction• Don’tunderes-matetheimpactofyourfirstfewslides
• Fontsandvisualpresenta-onimmediatelysetthetoneforyouraudience
• Anchoryourworkinthecontextofyouraudience’swork
• Goslow-everyonewillthankyouforit• Thisincludesnotusingtoomuchcontent• Trynottoreadeverybulletpointfromthescreen-talkaroundyourslidesinstead
• Don’tputallofyourbulletsupatonce,theaudiencewillreadtheminsteadoflisteningtoyou
• Nowistheperfect-metouseavisualaid
NO
Introduction• Don’t underestimate the impact of your first few slides
• Fonts and visual presentation immediately set the tone for your audience
• Anchor your work in the context of your audience’s work
• Go slow - everyone will thank you for it• This includes not using too much content• Try not to read every bullet point from the screen -
talk around your slides instead• Don’t put all of your bullets up at once, the
audience will read them instead of listening to you• Now is the perfect time to use a visual aid
Visual Design• Visual design is important
• Visual design is easy » Clear message
» Focussed
» Easy to read and interpret
» Honest and true reflection of the data
• Fonts. Colours. Layout.
Fonts
Body text
Figures
Presentations
Sans-serif Fonts
WARNINGserif fonts WARNING
serif fonts
Fonts• Pick a font and stick to it
• Avoid MS defaults » https://www.google.com/fonts
• Make use of font weights
Open sans Lato
Roboto (Arial)
Bold Medium Regular
Light Thin
Hairline
CambriaCalibri
Every time you use Comic Sans, Faye will punch this adorable little bunny.
comic sans criminal.com
Colour Palettes
Google Material Design Guidelines
Set of guidelines about design
Aimed for app developers
Includes some nice colour palettes
Lots of good stuff about design theory
https://www.google.com/design/spec/style/color.html
https://coolors.co
Data Visualisation
Choosing a plot• What type of graph best represents the
argument that you’re trying to make
• Which data are necessary
Relationship
Comparison
Composition
Distribution
What are you trying to show?
Distribution
Relationship / Comparison / Composition / Distribution
What are you trying to show?
Relationship
Relationship / Comparison / Composition / Distribution
What are you trying to show?
Composition
Relationship / Comparison / Composition / Distribution
What are you trying to show?
Comparison
Relationship / Comparison / Composition / Distribution
What are you trying to show?
What are you trying to show?
What are you trying to show?
• Distributions are not relevant
• Only the median value is needed
• Trends difficult to compare
• Easier comparison
Making Comparisons• Fast, accurate
judgement » Length
» Slope
• Medium judgement » Colour
» Patterns (eg. grouping)
• Slow, inaccurate judgement
» Angle
» Area
» Text
Making Comparisons• Length & Slope
» Bar / column charts » Box plots » Line graphs
• Colour » Heatmaps
• Patterns » Scatter plots
• Angle » Pie charts
• Area » Venn diagrams
• Text » Tables
» Plot labels
Making Comparisons
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Making Comparisons1234567
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Making Comparisons1234567
• Angles are bad for comparison
• Legend is disassociated from plot
• Requires colour link for series identification
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Making Comparisons
Making Comparisons
Keep it simple
Keep it simple
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• Use of 3D was arbitrary
• No need for colour and texture
Aspect Ratio• Elements that need accurate aspect ratios:
» Images
» Text
» Anything circular
» Axes with comparable units
Aspect Ratio
Aspect Ratio
Aspect Ratio
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Aspect Ratio
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Features of a good plot
• Minimalistic
• Suitable plot type
• Big and clear
• Attractive (avoid defaults)
• The test - can you draw it from memory?
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Using a graph
• Hold audience focus » Talk through your data
» Don’t show everything at once
• Use layering for complex plots » Progressively add data
Colour
Colour• Colour can be used to:
» Highlight specific data
» Group categories of data
» Encode quantitative values
• The more selective you are with colour, the greater its effect
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Colour Scales• Represent quantitative data
• Sequential
• Divergent
• Categorical
Colour Sensitivity
Colour Sensitivity
Humans do not perceive the spectrum evenly Spectrum is a bad colour scheme with which to encode data
Bad DefaultsJet
Luminescence
afmhot
Luminescence
YlOrRd
Luminescence
not even
not even
Scale types
Categorical Sequential
Scale types
Sequential (should be categorical)
Which category is this?
Colour Blindness• Common in Northern European men
• Colour schemes such as Magenta – Green designed to be colour blind friendly
22% chance at least one colour blind
3 NE male reviewers
Colour Blindness
Normal Vision Protanopia
Colour Blindness
Normal Vision Protanopia
Color Brewer
http://colorbrewer2.org
Sequential Divergent Categorical
Summary
Summary• Decide your key points early
» Build around target audience
• Show only what you need to » Bullets, not prose
» Suitable graphs
» Avoid defaults
• Use data as a visual aid
colorbrewer2.org
google.com/fontsflaticon.com
coolors.co
Adobe Illustrator
Inkscape (free)
CreditsCourse written by Phil Ewels. Some material developed whilst working at the Babraham Institute in Cambridge, UK. Now working at the National Genomics Infrastructure, part of the Science for Life Laboratory in Stockholm, Sweden.
Find more at http://phil.ewels.co.uk