Using the Wizard of Oz to teach the Populist Movement Walt Ellison Starrs Mill High School Ellison & Gloer Walt Ellison 19 th year (10 th year in Special Ed) Have collaboratively taught with Jon Gloer for 8 of those 10 years. Why do this? To reach more kids. Test scores. Ellison & Gloer Standards SSUSH11 The student will describe the economic, social, and geographic impact of the growth of big business and technological innovations after Reconstruction. a. Explain the impact of the railroads on other industries, such as steel, and on the organization of big business. c. Identify John D. Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Company and the rise of trusts and monopolies Ellison & Gloer What is on the disk? Everything you see today. Student notes in PowerPoint. Student notes in Word. All video clips independent from the PowerPoint. Populism as a Parable article. Social Darwinism article. Test and Quiz. Ellison & Gloer THE RISE OF INDUSTRIAL AMERICA Ellison & Gloer The Gilded Age Gilded Age A phrase created by Mark Twain. It means: Looks shiny or good on the outside, but is corrupt or dirty on the inside. Ellison & Gloer The Major Legislation The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 Said no company could under-sale the competition for the intent of creating a monopoly. Ellison & Gloer 1. Cornelius Vanderbilt Known as Commodore Quit school at age 11. Ran a railroad. Worth $400 million when he died. Said, Law! What law? I have power! Ellison & Gloer 2. Andrew Carnegie Also ran a railroad, but made his wealth in steel. He mastered the Bessemer Procedure. Was worth $750 million when he died. Was a great philanthropist. Ellison & Gloer 3. J.P. Morgan Bought the steel company from Carnegie. He created U.S. Steel. He controlled 10% of the nations wealth. Worth $22 billion when he dies. Ellison & Gloer 4. John D. Rockefeller Controlled 90% of the nations oil. Created Standard Oil. Gave lots of money away. Was also a great philanthropist. Ellison & Gloer IDEAS OF THE 19 TH CENTURY A. Social Darwinism Survival of the Fittest Fittest business will survive. B. Gospel of Wealth Economically successful people have the responsibility to share their fortune with their community. Ellison & Gloer IDEAS OF THE 19 TH CENTURY C. How to succeed (Horatio Alger) - An Algerism Work hard, get an education, have a good attitude, be determined, and you will succeed. D. Materialism The greatest things to be accumulated are materials cars, jewels, homes, etc Ellison & Gloer Thomas Nast Famous editorial cartoonist in the 1800s. Drew cartoons for a magazine called Harpers Weekly. Ellison & Gloer Nasts Career Ellison & Gloer Boss Tweed A crooked politician in New York City. Head of Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party political machine He stole millions of dollars (between $75 $200 million) from the New York City government. Convicted and went to jail. Nasts cartoons helped catch him. Ellison & Gloer 1. Who is depicted in the cartoon? 2. What is his head? 3. What does the cartoon represent? Ellison & Gloer 1. What is the man standing on? 2. Who do you think he is? 3. What is he holding in his hands? 4. What does the cartoon mean? Ellison & Gloer 1. Who is carrying the world? 2. What is drawn on the world? 3. What does it mean? Ellison & Gloer Ellison & Gloer Bosses of the Senate Questions 1. What is a trust? 2. Why are the trusts drawn so big? 3. How did these trusts conduct business? 4. Name at least 4 trusts in the picture. 5. What does the sign above the trusts claim about the Senate? 6. What 1890 law cut down on trusts? Ellison & Gloer Bosses of the Senate 1. A business or organization created for the purpose of setting up a monopoly. 2. Because they had gotten big, rich and expensive. 3. Kept prices high, Forced companies out of business by using unfair methods, often made good government difficult. 4. Standard Oil, Sugar, Steel, Nail, Copper, Coal, Iron, Tin, Salt, Paper Sacks. 5. A Senate of the Monopolists, by the Monopolists and for the Monopolists! 6. Sherman Antitrust Act Ellison & Gloer Who is the man pictured? What is he holding? What is going on in the background? What is the cartoon saying? Ellison & Gloer The Rise of Populism Populism A movement in the late 1800s that wanted reform for the farmers and workers. Ellison & Gloer The Populists Ellison & Gloer The Goals of Populism What did Populism want? 1. A personal income tax. 2. Direct election of our senators. 3. An 8 hour work day. 4. Immigration restriction. 5. The Free Silver movement or backing our currency with silver instead of gold They were called Silverites. 6. One - 6 year term for President. Ellison & Gloer Populisms Popularity Why was Populism popular? There was a economic depression in The depression specifically hurt the Eastern industrial workers. The workers began to work together to earn more workers rights. Ellison & Gloer The Decline of Populism What ever happened to Populism? The Democratic Party adopted many of their ideals. Economy prosperity returned and many of the people forgot about the problems from Ellison & Gloer Leaders of Populism William Jennings Bryan Ran for President four times, but lost all of them. Ran in 1896, 1900 and 1908 as a Democrat. Lost in 1896 and 1900 to William McKinley. Lost in 1908 to Howard Taft. Called the Great Commoner. Ellison & Gloer William Jennings Bryan Ellison & Gloer The Populism Allegory An allegory is a story that uses animals and people to represent a concept or idea. Many scholars say that the Wizard of Oz is an allegory for Populism. Ellison & Gloer Scene 3 Ellison & Gloer The Wizard of Oz Published by L. Frank Baum in Becomes a movie in About a girl trying to get home from a strange Land called Oz. Gets the assistance from three companions who also seek help from the Wizard. Ellison & Gloer Scene 5 & 6 Ellison & Gloer Dorothy Dorothy represents every man or the people. She is from Kansas. She hopes the Wizard will show her way back home to Kansas. Ellison & Gloer The Scarecrow The Scarecrow represents farmers. He hopes the Wizard will give him a brain or knowledge. Many felt farmers were not intelligent and working hard for little gain. Ellison & Gloer Scene 21 & 22 Ellison & Gloer The Tin Man The Tin Man represents the industrial workers. He hopes the Wizard will give him a heart. Many saw the industrial workers as dehumanized from no work during the 1893 depression. The depression is represented by him being rusted when they find him. Ellison & Gloer Scene 25 & 26 Ellison & Gloer The Lion The Lion represents W.J. Bryan. He hopes to get courage from the Wizard. The Lion retreats into the forest to show Bryans defeats and demise from politics. Ellison & Gloer Scene 30 & 31 Ellison & Gloer The Wizard The Wizard is the President of the U.S., presumably Grover Cleveland. He was president from 1885 1889 and again from 1893 Ellison & Gloer The Emerald City The Emerald City represents Washington, D.C., home of the President. Ellison & Gloer Scene 34 Ellison & Gloer The Witches The witches represent capitalists or bankers. The Wicked Witch of the East is killed by Dorothys house. The Wicked Witch of the West is melted. Glinda is the Good Witch of the North. Ellison & Gloer The Munchkins The Munchkins represent all the common people that must work for capitalists. They were in bondage for many years to the Wicked Witch of the East, until Dorothy kills her. Ellison & Gloer Scene 16 Ellison & Gloer The Slippers The slippers are actually silver in the book, representing the Free Silver movement of the Populism. They come off when Dorothy returns to Kansas to show that the Free Silver movement fails. They were only red in the movie for color reasons. Ellison & Gloer The Yellow Brick Road The Yellow Brick Road presents the Gold Standard that Populism was against. Oz is the abbreviation for ounce, the measurement for gold. Ellison & Gloer Scene 18 Ellison & Gloer The Flying Monkeys The Flying Monkeys represent Native Americans at that time. They were good, but forced to do bad by the Witches. Likewise, Native Americans felt trapped by wealthy capitalists who forced them into working for them. Ellison & Gloer Scenes 40 & 41 Ellison & Gloer Toto Just a dog. Could have represented laughter and fun. Dorothy needed Toto to keep from turning dumb, heartless and scared. Ellison & Gloer Scene 49 & 50 Ellison & Gloer