Using the SPIRIT1 transceiver under ARIB STD-T108 in · PDF fileUsing the SPIRIT1 transceiver...

July 2012 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 1/35

AN4133Application note

Using the SPIRIT1 transceiver under ARIB STD-T108 in the 920 MHz band

By Placido De Vita

IntroductionSPIRIT1 is a very low power RF transceiver, intended for RF wireless applications in the sub-1 GHz band. It is designed to operate both in the license-free ISM and SRD frequency bands at 169, 315, 433, 868, 915 and 920 MHz.

The Japanese Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB) was established in response to several trends such as the growing internationalization of telecommunications, the convergence of telecommunications and broadcasting and the need for promotion of radio-related industries. The ARIB organism defines the basic technical requirements for standard specifications of radio equipment.

This application note outlines the expected performance when using the Spirit1 under ARIB STD-T108 (see References on page 33) in the 920 MHz band. For details on the regulatory limits in the 920 MHz frequency band, please refer to the ARIB STD-T108 regulation in References on page 33.

These can be downloaded from www.arib.or.jp/english/index.html.

www.st.com

http://www.st.com

Contents AN4133

2/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1

Contents

1 An overview of ARIB STD-T108 regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

1.1 Convenience radio stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

1.2 Low-power radio stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

2 Application circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3 Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

3.1 Adjacent channel leakage power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4 Permissible values for unwanted emission intensity . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

5 Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

5.1 Limit on secondary radiated emission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

6 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

7 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

AN4133 List of tables

Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 3/35

List of tables

Table 1. Permissible values for unwanted emission intensity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Table 2. Limit on secondary radiated emissions, etc. at receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Table 3. Permissible values for unwanted emission intensity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Table 4. Limit on secondary radiated emissions, etc. at receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Table 5. Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

List of figures AN4133

4/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1

List of figures

Figure 1. SPIRIT1 application daughterboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Figure 2. SPIRIT1 application daughterboard plugged into the motherboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Figure 3. Daughterboard schematic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Figure 4. Convenience radio station channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is

from 920.5 MHz to 922.3 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Figure 5. Convenience radio station channel mask of a radio channel at 922 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Figure 6. Convenience radio station channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is

from 922.3 MHz to 923.5 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Figure 7. Convenience radio station channel mask of a radio channel at 923 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Figure 8. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is

from 915.9 MHz to 916.9 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Figure 9. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel at 916.5 MHz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Figure 10. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is

from 920.5 MHz to 922.3 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Figure 11. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel at 921.5 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Figure 12. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is

from 922.3 MHz to 928.1 MHz (antenna power is 1 mW or less)l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Figure 13. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel at 928 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Figure 14. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is

from 922.3 MHz to 928.1 MHz (antenna power is more than 1 mW and 20 mW or less). . 18Figure 15. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel at 925 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Figure 16. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is

from 928.1 MHz to 929.7 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Figure 17. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel at 929 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Figure 18. Convenience radio station emission in the 10 - 710 MHz bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Figure 19. Convenience radio station emission in the 710 - 900 MHz bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Figure 20. Convenience radio station emission in the 900 - 915 MHz bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Figure 21. Convenience radio station emission in the 915 - 920.3 MHz bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Figure 22. Convenience radio station emission in the 920.3 - 924.3 MHz bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Figure 23. Convenience radio station emission in the 924.3 - 930 MHz bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Figure 24. Convenience radio station emission in the 930 - 1000 MHz bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Figure 25. Convenience radio station emission in the 1 - 1.215 GHz bandwidth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Figure 26. Convenience radio station emission in the 1.215 - 6 Hz bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Figure 27. Low-power radio station emission in the 10 - 710 MHz bandwidth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Figure 28. Low-power radio station emission in the 710 - 900 MHz bandwidth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Figure 29. Low-power radio station emission in the 900 - 915 MHz bandwidth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Figure 30. Low-power radio station emission in the 915 - 930 MHz bandwidth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Figure 31. Low-power radio station emission in the 930 - 1000 MHz bandwidth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Figure 32. Low-power radio station emission in the 1 - 1.215 GHz bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Figure 33. Low-power radio station emission in the 1.215 - 6 GHz bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Figure 34. Receiver radiated emission in the 10 - 710 MHz bandwidth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Figure 35. Receiver radiated emission in the 710 - 900 MHz bandwidth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Figure 36. Receiver radiated emission in the 900 - 915 MHz bandwidth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Figure 37. Receiver radiated emission in the 915 - 930 MHz bandwidth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Figure 38. Receiver radiated emission in the 930 - 1000 MHz bandwidth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Figure 39. Receiver radiated emission in the 1 - 6 GHz bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

AN4133 An overview of ARIB STD-T108 regulation

Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 5/35

1 An overview of ARIB STD-T108 regulation

Radio equipment defined in this standard utilizes 915 to 930 MHz bandwidth. The ARIB STD-T108 defines two different types of possible categories of application:

1. Convenience radio stations

2. Low-power radio stations

A short description of the two different categories is given in the following sections. The main difference concerns the output power and band frequency used.

1.1 Convenience radio stationsDevices that operate in convenience radio stations will work in using either a simplex, duplex, or semi-duplex broadcast method. The contents of communications are primarily the signals for telemetry, telecontrol and data transmission systems. The operating frequency band is between 920.5 MHz and 923.5 MHz. The maximum permitted antenna power is 250 mW (+24 dBm on a 50 ohm load, +27 dBm EIRP considering an antenna of 3 dBi gain). A radio channel consists of up to 5 consecutive unit radio channels which are defined such that their center frequency is located from 920.6 MHz to 923.4 MHz with 200 kHz separation and a bandwidth of 200 kHz. There aren't specific requirements for the modulation method, while the permissible value for occupied bandwidth is (200 x n) kHz or less, where n is the number of unit radio channels constituting the entire radio channel and is an integer from 1 to 5.

An adjacent channel leakage power is permitted: two different channel masks are defined, one for systems that work in the 920.5 MHz to 922.3 MHz band and a second one for the systems that work in the 922.3 to 923.5 MHz band. For the two different masks refer to the figures 3-1 and 3-2 of the ARIB STD-T108 regulation cited in References on page 33.

For the transmitter a permissible value for unwanted emission intensity is defined (see Table 1).

For the receiver a limit for the secondary radiated emissions is defined (see Table 2).

Table 1. Permissible values for unwanted emission intensity

Frequency band Spurious emission strength (average power) Reference bandwidth

f <= 710 MHz -36 dBm 100 kHz

710 MHz < f ≤ 900 MHz -55 dBm 1 MHz

900 MHz < f ≤ 915 MHz -55 dBm 100 kHz

915 MHz < f ≤ 920.3 MHz -36 dBm 100 kHz

920.3 MHz < f ≤ 924.3 MHz

(except for |f-fc| ≤ (200+100xn) kHz)-55 dBm 100 kHz

924.3 MHz < f ≤ 930 MHz -36 dBm 100 kHz

930 MHz < f ≤ 1000 MHz -55 dBm 100 kHz

1000 MHz < f ≤ 1215 MHz -45 dBm 1 MHz

1215 MHz < f -30 dBm 1 MHz

An overview of ARIB STD-T108 regulation AN4133

6/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1

1.2 Low-power radio stationsLow-power radio stations differ from convenience radio stations in output power and usable frequency band.

Regarding the output power, two different values are permitted as follows.

● An output power of 1 mW (0 dBm on a 50 ohm load, +3 dBm EIRP considering an antenna of 3 dBi gain) is permitted in the band greater than or equal to 915.9 MHz to less than or equal to 916.9 MHz , and greater than or equal to 920.5 MHz and less than or equal to 929.7 MHz.

● An output power of 20 mW (+13 dBm on a 50 ohm load, +16 dBm EIRP considering an antenna of 3 dBi gain) is permitted in the band greater than or equal to 920.5 MHz to less than or equal to 928.1 MHz.

As for convenience radio stations, an entire radio channel consists of up to 5 consecutive unit radio channels which are defined such that their center frequency is located from 916.0 MHz to 916.8 MHz and from 920.6 MHz to 928.0 MHz with 200 kHz separation and a bandwidth of 200 kHz, or which are defined such that their center frequency is located from 928.15 MHz to 929.65 MHz with 100 kHz separation and a bandwidth of 100 kHz. There aren't specific requirements for the modulation method, while the permissible value for the occupied bandwidth is (200 x n) kHz or less, where n is the number of unit radio channels constituting the entire radio channel and is an integer from 1 to 5. In the case that the center frequency is from 928.15 MHz to 929.65 MHz, it shall be (100 x n) kHz or less.

An adjacent channel leakage power is permitted: five different channel masks are defined, functions of the usable bandwidth and of the output power. For the five different masks refer to the figures 3-1 to 3-5 of the ARIB STD-T108 regulation, see References on page 33.

For the transmitter a permissible value for unwanted emission intensity is defined (see Table 3).

For the receiver a limit for the secondary radiated emissions is defined (see Table 4).

Table 2. Limit on secondary radiated emissions, etc. at receiver

Frequency bandLimit on secondary radiated

emissions, etc. (antenna input)Reference bandwidth

f ≤ 710 MHz -54 dBm 100 kHz

710 MHz < f ≤ 900 MHz -55 dBm 1 MHz

900 MHz < f ≤ 915 MHz -55 dBm 100 kHz

915 MHz < f ≤ 930 MHz -54 dBm 100 kHz

930 MHz < f ≤ 1000 MHz -55 dBm 100 kHz

1000 MHz < f -47 dBm 1 MHz

AN4133 An overview of ARIB STD-T108 regulation

Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 7/35

Table 3. Permissible values for unwanted emission intensity

Frequency bandSpurious emission

strength (average power)Reference bandwidth

f ≤ 710 MHz -36 dBm 100 kHz

710 MHz < f ≤ 900 MHz -55 dBm 1 MHz

900 MHz < f ≤ 915 MHz -55 dBm 100 kHz

915 MHz < f ≤ 930 MHz

(Except for |f-fc| ≤ (200+100xn) kHz if bandwidth of unit radio channel is 200 kHz, except for |f-fc| <= (100+50xn) kHz if the bandwidth of unit radio channel is 100 kHz.

Except for |f-fc| <= (100+100xn) kHz if frequency band is 915.9 MHz ≤ f ≤ 916.9 MHz and 920.5 MHz ≤ f ≤ 922.3 MHz.

Where n is a number of unit radio channels constituting the radio channel and is an integer from 1 to 5).

-36 dBm 100 kHz

930 MHz < f ≤ 1000 MHz -55 dBm 100 kHz

1000 MHz < f ≤ 1215 MHz -45 dBm 1 MHz

1215 MHz < f -30 dBm 1 MHz

Table 4. Limit on secondary radiated emissions, etc. at receiver

Frequency bandLimit on secondary radiated

emissions, etc. (antenna input)Reference bandwidth

f ≤ 710 MHz -54 dBm 100 kHz

710 MHz < f ≤ 900 MHz -55 dBm 1 MHz

900 MHz < f ≤ 915 MHz -55 dBm 100 kHz

915 MHz < f ≤ 930 MHz -54 dBm 100 kHz

930 MHz < f ≤ 1000 MHz -55 dBm 100 kHz

1000 MHz < f -47 dBm 1 MHz

Application circuit AN4133

8/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1

2 Application circuit

Figure 1 shows the SPIRIT1 application board. The application is composed of two boards: a daughterboard and a motherboard. The daughterboard holds the SPIRIT1 with the circuits necessary for operation. In order to function properly the daughterboard has to be plugged into the motherboard (see Figure 2) using two header 5x2 connectors (J6 and J7).

The motherboard is provided with an STM32L152VBT6 microcontroller to correctly program the transceiver. The microcontroller is programmed with firmware developed for the SPIRIT1 application. A graphical user interface (GUI) has been developed to correctly program the SPIRIT1.

The daughterboard is provided with a 52 MHz crystal to provide the correct oscillator to the SPIRIT1.

The SPIRIT1 has an internal SMPS that drastically reduces power consumption making the SPIRIT1 the best in class for the application in this bandwidth. The SMPS is fed from the battery (1.8 V to 3.6 V) and provides a programmable voltage (1.4 V usually) to the device. An SMA connector is present to connect the board to the antenna or to the instrumentation to verify the correct functionality and verify the ETSI standard request.

A few passive components (inductors and capacitors) are used for matching/filtering of the power amplifier (PA) and balun network for the receiver.

To reduce the application cost the SPIRIT1 is designed to work without an external antenna switch. This daughterboard is designed to show the functionality of the SPIRIT1 in this condition. Of course an application with antenna switch can be implemented, but this isn't described in this document.

Figure 1. SPIRIT1 application daughterboard

AN4133 Application circuit

Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 9/35

Figure 2. SPIRIT1 application daughterboard plugged into the motherboard

AN

4133A

pp

lication

circuit

Doc ID

023362 Rev 1

10/35

Figure 3. Daughterboard schematic

SDn

GPIO0

GPIO1GPIO2GPIO3

SCLK

SDOSDI

CSn

DUMMY3

DUMMY3

SPIRIT_DUMMY2

SPIRIT_DUMMY1

VCC_RF3V3

3V3

NX3225GA-xxMHz (XTAL)

B0=169MHz

B1=315MHz

B2=433MHz

B3=868MHz

Mount resistorrelative toused band

B3=915MHz

B3=920MHz

C10

C_10P_0402_C0G_J_50

C10

C_10P_0402_C0G_J_50

C6 C_TBD_0402_C0GC6 C_TBD_0402_C0G

L2

L_TBD_0402

L2

L_TBD_0402

R12R_TBD_0402R12R_TBD_0402

Y1

XTAL

Y1

XTAL

J7HEADER 5X2J7HEADER 5X2

2 4 6 8 10

1 3 5 7 9

L5 L_TBD_0402L5 L_TBD_0402

J6HEADER 5X2J6HEADER 5X2

2 4 6 8 10

1 3 5 7 9

C20C_1U_0603_X7R_K_6V3C20C_1U_0603_X7R_K_6V3

C11C_1U_0603_X7R_K_6V3C11C_1U_0603_X7R_K_6V3

L7

L_10U_0805

L7

L_10U_0805

L4

L_TBD_0402

L4

L_TBD_0402

C8

C_TBD_0402_C0G

C8

C_TBD_0402_C0G

C19

C_TBD_0402_C0G

C19

C_TBD_0402_C0G

U1

SPIRIT1_2

U1

SPIRIT1_2

GPIO_01

SDO2

SDI3

SCLK4

CSn5

VBAT

28

XOU

T6

XIN

7

RXP

9

RXN

10

REXT 11

TX 12

SMPS2 13

SMPS1 14

VBAT

116

SDn 15

VREG

17

GPI

O_3

18

GPI

O_2

19

GPI

O_1

20

GN

D21

L6

L_TBD_0402

L6

L_TBD_0402

R7

R_0R0_0402

R7

R_0R0_0402

L9

L_TBD_0402

L9

L_TBD_0402

L0L_TBD_0402_50ML0L_TBD_0402_50M

R6

R_0R0_0402

R6

R_0R0_0402

L1

L_TBD_0402

L1

L_TBD_0402

R9

R_0R0_0402

R9

R_0R0_0402

R10

R_0R0_0402

R10

R_0R0_0402

R13R_TBD_0402R13R_TBD_0402

R8

R_0R0_0402

R8

R_0R0_0402

C22C_330p_0402_C0GC22C_330p_0402_C0G

C13C_TBD_0402_X7RC13C_TBD_0402_X7R

C15

C_TBD_0402_C0G

C15

C_TBD_0402_C0G

R11

R_0R0_0402

R11

R_0R0_0402

C7

C_TBD_0402_C0G

C7

C_TBD_0402_C0G

C1

C_TBD_0402_C0G

C1

C_TBD_0402_C0G

C4C_TBD_0402_C0G

C4C_TBD_0402_C0G

C12C_100n_0402_X7RC12C_100n_0402_X7R

C2

C_TBD_0402_C0G

C2

C_TBD_0402_C0G

C21C_100p_0402_C0GC21C_100p_0402_C0G

C0C_100n_0402_X7RC0C_100n_0402_X7R

C9

C_12P_0402_C0G_J_50

C9

C_12P_0402_C0G_J_50

L3 L_TBD_0402L3 L_TBD_0402

L8

L_TBD_0402

L8

L_TBD_0402

C3

C_TBD_0402_C0G

C3

C_TBD_0402_C0G

C14 C_TBD_0402_C0GC14 C_TBD_0402_C0G

C5

C_TBD_0402_C0G

C5

C_TBD_0402_C0G

J1

RF_IN/OUT

J1

RF_IN/OUT

AN4133 Transmitter

Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 11/35

3 Transmitter

All the measurements given are measured under the following conditions: Tc = 25 °C, Vdd = 3.0 V, f = 922 MHz (middle frequency of the bandwidth used), unless otherwise specified.

The maximum output power of the SPIRIT1 in this band is 10 dBm, so all the measurements for the convenience radio stations and low-power radio stations with +24 dBm or +13 dBm output power will be performed at +10 dBm. Low-power radio stations with output power of 0 dBm will be performed with the correct output power.

A radio channel consists of up to 5 consecutive unit radio channels which are defined such that their center frequency is located from 920.6 MHz to 923.4 MHz with 200 kHz separation and a bandwidth of 200 kHz. SPIRIT1 fully supports the center frequency, separation and bandwidth requirements. No measurement in that sense will be done.

There aren't specific requirements for the modulation method, while the permissible value for the occupied bandwidth is (200 x n) kHz or less, where n is the number of unit radio channels constituting the entire radio channel and is an integer from 1 to 5. The measurement in this case will be done with a GFSK (BT = 0.5) modulation with 100 kbps data rate, 50 kHz frequency deviation. Different combinations of modulation, data rate and frequency deviation creates signals that have a bandwidth lower than 200 kHz: a specific check has to be done for each case.

There are no specific requirements in the standard about setting the detector, resolution bandwidth (RBW) or video bandwidth (VBW) of the spectrum analyzer. The detector will be set to peak, the resolution and video bandwidths will be set sufficiently large to ensure the correctness of the measurement, and the display will be set to peak hold.

3.1 Adjacent channel leakage powerThe adjacent channel leakage power is defined as the amount of the modulated RF signal power which falls within a given adjacent channel. This power is the sum of the mean power produced by the modulation, hum and noise of the transmitter.

Different masks are defined for the two types of operating modes. For the convenience radio stations the masks given in Figure 4 and 6 are defined. The first one defines the channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is from 920.5 MHz to 922.3 MHz. The second one defines the channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is from 922.3 MHz to 923.5 MHz. The max output power permitted for the convenience radio station is 250 mW (+24 dBm), the SPIRIT1 doesn't support this output power, so the mask compliance is verified with an output power of 10 dBm. An external PA should be used to reach the maximum output power.

Figure 5 and 7 show the compliance measurement with the two masks and that the SPIRIT1 complies. If an external power amplifier is used to burst the output power to +24 dBm a verification of the channel masks has to be done. If the mask requirements aren't met, a reduction of the data rate and/or frequency deviation is necessary.

For the low-power radio stations the masks printed in Figure 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 are defined.

Figure 8 defines the channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is from 915.9 MHz to 916.9 MHz. In this case the maximum permitted output power is 1 mW (0 dBm), so the measurement is performed with this output power level. Figure 9 shows the SPIRIT1

Transmitter AN4133

12/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1

compliance with the mask, the measurement is performed with the center frequency set to 916.5 MHz.

Figure 10 defines the channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is from 920.5 MHz to 922.3 MHz. The max output power permitted for this bandwidth is 20 mW (+13 dBm), the SPIRIT1 doesn't support this output power, so the mask compliance is verified with an output power of 10 dBm. In Figure 11 the SPIRIT1 compliance mask is shown. The output power is set to 7 dBm to enter on the mask. To work with a higher output power, a reduction of the data rate and/or frequency deviation is necessary. The center frequency is set to 921.5 MHz.

Figure 12 and 14 define the channel masks of a radio channel whose frequency is from 922.3 MHz to 928.1 MHz. The compliance mask measurements are shown respectively in Figure 13 and15. The measurements are performed with the center frequency set to 928 MHz and 925 MHz respectively.

The mask in Figure 16 is defined for maximum permitted output power of 1 mW (0 dBm) of a radio channel whose frequency is from 928.1 MHz to 929.7 MHz. The measurement is performed with SPIRIT1 set to provide this output power level. Figure 17 shows the compliance with the mask. The measurement is performed with the center frequency set to 929 MHz.

AN4133 Transmitter

Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 13/35

Figure 4. Convenience radio station channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is from 920.5 MHz to 922.3 MHz

Figure 5. Convenience radio station channel mask of a radio channel at 922 MHz

200 kHz 200 kHz(200 x n) kHz

30

20

10

0

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50

Lower adjacentunit channel

Upper adjacentunit channel

fc(Center frequency)

fc-200-100x(n-1) fc+200+100x(n-1)

Unit:kHz

Unit: dBm/100kHz

Power at the edge:+4 dBm or less

Spurious emission strength(920.3 MHz to 924.3 MHz)

-29 dBm/100 kHz

Adjacent channelleakage power:-5 dBm or less

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

9.215E+08 9.216E+08 9.217E+08 9.218E+08 9.219E+08 9.220E+08 9.221E+08 9.222E+08 9.223E+08 9.224E+08 9.225E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Convenience radio station 10 dBm 920.5 MHz to 922.3 MHz bandwidth

Spirit

ARIB Mask

Transmitter AN4133

14/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1

Figure 6. Convenience radio station channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is from 922.3 MHz to 923.5 MHz

Figure 7. Convenience radio station channel mask of a radio channel at 923 MHz

200 kHz 200 kHz(200 x n) kHz

30

20

10

0

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50




fc-100xn fc+100xn

Unit:kHz

Unit: dBm/100kHz


-29 dBm/100 kHz


-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

9.225E+08 9.226E+08 9.227E+08 9.228E+08 9.229E+08 9.230E+08 9.231E+08 9.232E+08 9.233E+08 9.234E+08 9.235E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Convenience radio station 10 dBm 922.3 MHz to 923.5 MHz bandwidth

Spirit

ARIB Mask

AN4133 Transmitter

Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 15/35

Figure 8. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is from 915.9 MHz to 916.9 MHz

Figure 9. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel at 916.5 MHz

200 kHz 200 kHz(200 x n) kHz

0

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50




fc-200-100x(n-1) fc+200+100x(n-1)

Unit:kHz

Unit: dBm/100kHz

Power at the edge:-20dBm or less

Spurious emission strength(915 MHz to 930 MHz)

-36 dBm/100 kHz


-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

9.160E+08 9.161E+08 9.162E+08 9.163E+08 9.164E+08 9.165E+08 9.166E+08 9.167E+08 9.168E+08 9.169E+08 9.170E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Low-power radio station 0 dBm 915.9 MHz to 916.9 MHz bandwidth

Spirit

ARIB Mask

Transmitter AN4133

16/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1


Figure 11. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel at 921.5 MHz

200 kHz 200 kHz(200 x n) kHz

20

10

0

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50




fc-200-100x(n-1) fc+200+100x(n-1)

Unit:kHz

Unit: dBm/100kHz

Power at the edge:-7 dBm or less


-36 dBm/100 kHz


(If the case of 1 mWor less, -26 dBm or

less)

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

9.210E+08 9.211E+08 9.212E+08 9.213E+08 9.214E+08 9.215E+08 9.216E+08 9.217E+08 9.218E+08 9.219E+08 9.220E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]


Spirit

ARIB Mask

AN4133 Transmitter

Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 17/35

Figure 12. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is from 922.3 MHz to 928.1 MHz (antenna power is 1 mW or less)l

Figure 13. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel at 928 MHz

200 kHz 200 kHz(200 x n) kHz

0

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50




fc-100xn fc+100xn

Unit:kHz

Unit: dBm/100kHz


-36 dBm/100 kHz


-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

9.275E+08 9.276E+08 9.277E+08 9.278E+08 9.279E+08 9.280E+08 9.281E+08 9.282E+08 9.283E+08 9.284E+08 9.285E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]


Spirit

ARIB Mask

Transmitter AN4133

18/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1

Figure 14. Low-power radio station channel mask of a radio channel whose frequency is from 922.3 MHz to 928.1 MHz (antenna power is more than 1 mW and 20 mW or less)


200 kHz 200 kHz(200 x n) kHz

20

10

0

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50




fc-100xn fc+100xn

Unit:kHz

Unit: dBm/100kHz


-36 dBm/100 kHz


-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

9.245E+08 9.246E+08 9.247E+08 9.248E+08 9.249E+08 9.250E+08 9.251E+08 9.252E+08 9.253E+08 9.254E+08 9.255E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]


Spirit

ARIB Mask

AN4133 Transmitter

Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 19/35



100 kHz 100 kHz(100 x n) kHz

0

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50




fc-50xn fc+50xn

Unit:kHz

Unit: dBm/100kHz


-36 dBm/100 kHz


-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

9.285E+08 9.286E+08 9.287E+08 9.288E+08 9.289E+08 9.290E+08 9.291E+08 9.292E+08 9.293E+08 9.294E+08 9.295E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]


Spirit

ARIB Mask

Permissible values for unwanted emission intensity AN4133

20/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1

4 Permissible values for unwanted emission intensity

Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain are emissions at a frequency other than those of the desired carrier frequency and its sidebands associated with normal test modulation.

The spurious emission strength at the antenna input has to be less than the values in Table 1 for the convenience radio stations and Table 3 for the low-power radio station. The measurements for the convenience radio station are done with the carrier set to 922 MHz. The measurements for the low-power radio station are done with the carrier set to 916.5 MHz.

The measurements performed for the convenience radio station are given in Figure 18 to 26 which show that all requirements are met. Special attention must be given to the requirement in the 920.3 to 924.3 MHz band. In this band the levels of the spurious have to be lower than -55 dBm on 100 kHz band without considering the channel occupied bandwidth. This value is in obvious contradiction with the value reported in the convenience radio station channel masks (Figure 4 and 6) where for the same spurious a maximum level of -29 dBm integrated in 100 kHz bandwidth is given. In Figure 22 the two different masks are shown and it is clear that the second requirement is much less stringent than the first one.

The measurements performed for the low-power radio station are given in Figure 27 to 33. For the low-power case the full requirements are met.

Figure 18. Convenience radio station emission in the 10 - 710 MHz bandwidth

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

1.00E+07 1.10E+08 2.10E+08 3.10E+08 4.10E+08 5.10E+08 6.10E+08 7.10E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Convenience radio station spurious emission 10 - 710 MHz

Spirit

ARIB mask

AN4133 Permissible values for unwanted emission intensity

Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 21/35



-70

-60

-50

-40

7.10E+08 7.30E+08 7.50E+08 7.70E+08 7.90E+08 8.10E+08 8.30E+08 8.50E+08 8.70E+08 8.90E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]


Spirit

ARIB mask

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

9.00E+08 9.02E+08 9.04E+08 9.06E+08 9.08E+08 9.10E+08 9.12E+08 9.14E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]


Spirit

ARIB mask


22/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1

Figure 21. Convenience radio station emission in the 915 - 920.3 MHz bandwidth

Figure 22. Convenience radio station emission in the 920.3 - 924.3 MHz bandwidth

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

9.15E+08 9.16E+08 9.17E+08 9.18E+08 9.19E+08 9.20E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Convenience radio station spurious emission 915 - 920.3 MHz

Spirit

ARIB mask

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

9.20E+08 9.21E+08 9.21E+08 9.22E+08 9.22E+08 9.23E+08 9.23E+08 9.24E+08 9.24E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Convenience radio station spurious emission 920.3 - 924.3 MHz

Spirit

ARIB table

ARIB mask


Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 23/35

Figure 23. Convenience radio station emission in the 924.3 - 930 MHz bandwidth


-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

9.24E+08 9.25E+08 9.26E+08 9.27E+08 9.28E+08 9.29E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Convenience radio station spurious emission 924.3 - 930 MHz

Spirit

ARIB mask

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

9.30E+08 9.40E+08 9.50E+08 9.60E+08 9.70E+08 9.80E+08 9.90E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Convenience radio station spurious emission 930 MHz - 1 GHz

Spirit

ARIB mask


24/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1

Figure 25. Convenience radio station emission in the 1 - 1.215 GHz bandwidth

Figure 26. Convenience radio station emission in the 1.215 - 6 Hz bandwidth

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

1.00E+09 1.05E+09 1.10E+09 1.15E+09 1.20E+09

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Convenience radio station spurious emission 1 - 1.215 GHz

Spirit

ARIB mask

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

1.22E+09 2.22E+09 3.22E+09 4.22E+09 5.22E+09

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Convenience radio station spurious emission 1.215 - 6 GHz

Spirit

ARIB mask


Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 25/35

Figure 27. Low-power radio station emission in the 10 - 710 MHz bandwidth


-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

1.00E+07 1.10E+08 2.10E+08 3.10E+08 4.10E+08 5.10E+08 6.10E+08 7.10E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Low-power radio station spurious emission 10 - 710 MHz

Spirit

ARIB mask

-70

-60

-50

7.10E+08 7.30E+08 7.50E+08 7.70E+08 7.90E+08 8.10E+08 8.30E+08 8.50E+08 8.70E+08 8.90E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]


Spirit

ARIB mask


26/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1



-80

-70

-60

-50

9.00E+08 9.02E+08 9.04E+08 9.06E+08 9.08E+08 9.10E+08 9.12E+08 9.14E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]


Spirit

ARIB mask

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

9.15E+08 9.16E+08 9.17E+08 9.18E+08 9.19E+08 9.20E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]


Spirit

ARIB mask


Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 27/35


Figure 32. Low-power radio station emission in the 1 - 1.215 GHz bandwidth

-80

-70

-60

-50

9.30E+08 9.40E+08 9.50E+08 9.60E+08 9.70E+08 9.80E+08 9.90E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Low-power radio station spurious emission 930 MHz - 1 GHz

Spirit

ARIB mask

-70

-60

-50

-40

1.00E+09 1.05E+09 1.10E+09 1.15E+09 1.20E+09

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Low-power radio station spurious emission 1 - 1.215 GHz

Spirit

ARIB mask


28/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1

Figure 33. Low-power radio station emission in the 1.215 - 6 GHz bandwidth

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

1.22E+09 2.22E+09 3.22E+09 4.22E+09 5.22E+09

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Low-power radio station spurious emission 1.215 - 6 GHz

Spirit

ARIB mask

AN4133 Receiver

Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 29/35

5 Receiver

Only one measurement is required for the receiver, the limit on secondary radiated emission. This measurement is performed under the following conditions: Tc = 25 °C, Vdd = 3.0 V, f = 922 MHz (middle frequency of the bandwidth used).

5.1 Limit on secondary radiated emissionSpurious radiation from the receiver includes components at any frequency, radiated by the equipment. The spurious emission strength at the antenna input has to be less than the values in Table 2 for the convenience radio stations and Table 4 for the low-power radio stations. The two tables are the same, so the measurement is performed only once, setting the receiver to 922 MHz, maximum gain.

The measurement results are given in Figure 34 to 39. The entire standard requirements are met from the SPIRIT1 in receiver mode.

Figure 34. Receiver radiated emission in the 10 - 710 MHz bandwidth

-110

-100

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

1.00E+07 1.10E+08 2.10E+08 3.10E+08 4.10E+08 5.10E+08 6.10E+08 7.10E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Convenience radio station receiver spurious emission 10 - 710 MHz

Spirit

ARIB mask

Receiver AN4133

30/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1



-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

7.10E+08 7.30E+08 7.50E+08 7.70E+08 7.90E+08 8.10E+08 8.30E+08 8.50E+08 8.70E+08 8.90E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]


Spirit

ARIB mask

-100

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

9.00E+08 9.02E+08 9.04E+08 9.06E+08 9.08E+08 9.10E+08 9.12E+08 9.14E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]


Spirit

ARIB mask

AN4133 Receiver

Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 31/35



-100

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

9.15E+08 9.17E+08 9.19E+08 9.21E+08 9.23E+08 9.25E+08 9.27E+08 9.29E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]


Spirit

ARIB mask

-100

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

9.30E+08 9.40E+08 9.50E+08 9.60E+08 9.70E+08 9.80E+08 9.90E+08

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Convenience radio station receiver spurious emission 930 MHz - 1 GHz

Spirit

ARIB mask

Receiver AN4133

32/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1

Figure 39. Receiver radiated emission in the 1 - 6 GHz bandwidth

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

1.00E+09 2.00E+09 3.00E+09 4.00E+09 5.00E+09 6.00E+09

Out

put p

ower

[dBm

]

Frequency [Hz]

Convenience radio station receiver spurious emission 1 - 6 GHz

Spirit

ARIB mask

AN4133 References

Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 33/35

6 References

1. SPIRIT1 datasheet

2. ARIB STD-T108: "920 MHz band telemeter, telecontrol and data transmission radio equipment"

Revision history AN4133

34/35 Doc ID 023362 Rev 1

7 Revision history

Table 5. Document revision history

Date Revision Changes

12-Jul-2012 1 Initial release.

AN4133

Doc ID 023362 Rev 1 35/35

Please Read Carefully:

Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve theright to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at anytime, without notice.

All ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale.

Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the ST products and services described herein, and ST assumes noliability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the ST products and services described herein.

No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. If any part of thisdocument refers to any third party products or services it shall not be deemed a license grant by ST for the use of such third party productsor services, or any intellectual property contained therein or considered as a warranty covering the use in any manner whatsoever of suchthird party products or services or any intellectual property contained therein.

UNLESS OTHERWISE SET FORTH IN ST’S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE ST DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIEDWARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO THE USE AND/OR SALE OF ST PRODUCTS INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION IMPLIEDWARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWSOF ANY JURISDICTION), OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT.

UNLESS EXPRESSLY APPROVED IN WRITING BY TWO AUTHORIZED ST REPRESENTATIVES, ST PRODUCTS ARE NOTRECOMMENDED, AUTHORIZED OR WARRANTED FOR USE IN MILITARY, AIR CRAFT, SPACE, LIFE SAVING, OR LIFE SUSTAININGAPPLICATIONS, NOR IN PRODUCTS OR SYSTEMS WHERE FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION MAY RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY,DEATH, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE. ST PRODUCTS WHICH ARE NOT SPECIFIED AS "AUTOMOTIVEGRADE" MAY ONLY BE USED IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS AT USER’S OWN RISK.

Resale of ST products with provisions different from the statements and/or technical features set forth in this document shall immediately voidany warranty granted by ST for the ST product or service described herein and shall not create or extend in any manner whatsoever, anyliability of ST.

ST and the ST logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of ST in various countries.

Information in this document supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied.

The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners.

© 2012 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved

STMicroelectronics group of companies

Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan - Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Philippines - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America

www.st.com

Using the SPIRIT1 transceiver under ARIB STD-T108 in · PDF fileUsing the SPIRIT1 transceiver...

Documents

Transcript of Using the SPIRIT1 transceiver under ARIB STD-T108 in · PDF fileUsing the SPIRIT1 transceiver...