Using Maps in Community-Based Research (3/12/15)
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Transcript of Using Maps in Community-Based Research (3/12/15)
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How to Participate Today
Presenters
Maidel LuevanoProject Coordinator
Healthy City
Leila ForouzanResearch Analyst
Healthy City
Nayamin MartinezProgram Manger
Alliance for California Traditional Arts (ACTA)
Healthy City is a program of
Championing the struggle for greater equity and opportunity for all, Advancement Project California fosters upward mobility in communities most impacted by economic and racial injustice.We build alliances and trust, use data-driven policy solutions, create innovative tools and work alongside communities.
We ignite social transformation!
Integrity * Innovation * Capacity-Building * Collaboration * Audacity * Equity *
What We Do
DIRECT TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE:
Work ON‐THE‐GROUND to develop targeted
research/policy strategies and web tools.
COMMUNITY RESEARCH LAB
Engages, trains, and provides tools for
community groups to lead and sustain action‐oriented
research
ONLINE MAPPING TECHNOLOGYwww.HealthyCity.org
Fuel social change and empower communities!
HealthyCity.orgWebsite
Service Provider
Case Manager
Policy Advocate
Funder
Community Organizer
Researcher
Who Uses HealthyCity.org?
Grant Writer
Agenda• Icebreaker
• Case Study: Alliance for California Traditional Arts
• Introduction to Community-Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR)
• Case Study: Community Coalition and Healthy City
• Community-Engaged Mapping on Healthy City
• Wrap Up
• Understand Healthy City’s research approach through the use of Community-Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR)
• Learn how to use the Healthy City website to create maps for community-based research
• Learn how other organizations have used research, data and maps in their work
Webinar Objectives
Activating Cultural Assets Pilot Project
Nayamin Martinez, Program Manager Alliance for California Traditional Arts
Community Mapping Webinar, March 12, 2015
The Alliance for California Traditional Arts (ACTA)
• ACTA promotes and supports ways for cultural traditions to thrive now and into the future by providing advocacy, resources, and connections for folk and traditional artists and their communities.
• ACTA is a state‐wide organization, headquartered in Fresno with regional offices in San Francisco, Watsonville and Los Angeles.
• ACTA offers services, programs and grants. Over time we have awarded over 4.2 million in grants & contracts.
• For more information visit: www.actaonline.org
Activating Cultural Assets in BHC Places
• In 2011, ACTA partnered with TCE to implement the Activating Cultural Assets Pilot Project (ACCAPP) in four of the BHC communities: Boyle Heights, Eastern Coachella Valley, Santa Ana and Merced.
• Using a participatory cultural asset mapping methodology, community cultural resources were identified.
• Cultural assets were defined as “cultural treasures” or “the people, groups, places and events that reflect cultural expressions that are valued by the community.”
Why are Cultural Treasures Important?
• Cultural treasures can help promote community health by building on local skills, competence, and traditions.
• Foster greater community engagement and call community into social action.
• Provide a basis for understanding amongst diverse groups.
• Re‐interpret cultural assets as viable and central resources essential to community’s well‐being.
ACTA’s Participatory Cultural Asset Mapping Methodology
• ACTA established a local taskforce in each of the four selected BHC sites.
• Using a short bilingual questionnaire, the members of the task force asked their communities what is culturally significant.
• The questionnaire also served as a self‐reflective device for respondents to consider themselves as a cultural asset based on their own cultural practices and traditions.
• Organize public events featuring cultural assets
• Reflections about the meaning of these assets
• Planning and implementing new BHC‐focused cultural programs connecting assets
What did we learn about possible impacts of ACCAP?
Connections to Well‐being and Community Change• Connection to community and to self• Creation or recognition of agency• Increased self‐worth and pride • Opportunity for reflection• Feelings of happiness and contentment• Improved critical thinking skills • Creation of a positive community counter narrative• Direct physical impacts –movement/exercise, nutrition, stress
release
What did we learn about possible impacts of ACAPP?
Connections to BHC Work• Full engagement –not just intellectually,
but also with heart, soul and body
• Creation of collective efficacy and trust for future BHC work
• Collective discourse and critical thinking in the examination of an issue
• More effective and compelling messaging of key BHC campaign issues and concepts
• Sustained engagement because it is enjoyable
Resources– ACTA partnered with HealthyCity.org to develop an
interface and informational mapping of all the cultural treasures. A map and a listing of the cultural treasures in each of the four communities were created, along with informational profiles of each cultural treasure.
• Landing page with links to the maps created for each of the four BHC sites:
http://www.actaonline.org/content/building‐healthy‐communities‐cultural‐treasures
• For more information visit ACTA’s website:
www.actaonline.org
Community-Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR)
Community-Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR) is a collaborativeapproach to research that involves all stakeholders throughout the researchprocess… for the purpose of education, action, and social change.
Participation Continuum…
Researcher-led Community-led
Researchers design study and questions; Communityto answer questions.
Community helps identify issues and research questions, and provide some responses. Researchers conduct research, analysis, dissemination, design intervention
Community helps identify research question, provides responses, and helps generate solutions based on findings. Researchers collect and analyze data, disseminate findings, develop intervention based on suggestions.
Community-led and controlled research.Community defines the issue and research questions, creates data collection tools, recruits participants and collects data, analyzes data, disseminates findings, generates action plans, and carries out action plan. Full collaborator at all stages.
Information is Impact
• Where do you go to get information?
• Leverage all information sources, both mainstream and
community-based to tell your story
• Respect community’s right to be heard
• Respect community’s right to know and understand
• Package your findings for community members AND
policymakers
Alignment with issues experienced by community
Empowers communities to take action
Increased acceptability by stakeholders
Possibility of funds for community
Better to cope with sensitive issues
Cultural and social relevance
Benefits of CBPAR
Research Ethics - GeneralPrivacy: Are participants adequately informed of the process and expected use of the research? How is privacy protected in the data collection and sharing process?
Respect: Do participants maintain their ability to engage/not engage in the research without coercion?
Rigor of research and fidelity to findings: Are the findings being presented accurately?
Justice: Do all members of the community have equal opportunity to participate in the research? Are there some participants who are unfairly impacted by the research?
Benefits to the participants: Are community respondents assured of safety of their person and data during the research and do they benefit as much as possible through their participation?
Research Ethics - CBPAR Accessibility of findings: Are the findings presented in an accessible and meaningful way for community members?
Community voice: Are there institutional, organizational or other social dynamics that privilege some voices over others?
Credit: How are the results represented? Whose voice(s) are heard and credited with authorship?
Data ownership: How is the data made available to the different community and other stakeholders?
Division of labor: How does ‘equity’ in the process translate into divisions of labor on the project/process? Is the work divided equitably among partners?
Representation of local communities: Does the presentation (or presenter) of findings reinforce negative social stereotypes in presenting communities?
Community-Engaged Mapping
A group mapping exercise designed to answer specific research questions
and gather resident feedback to develop place-based planning
strategies.
Participatory Asset Mapping Toolkit, pg. 10
Purpose and Research Questions
2009
Examine perceptions of crime in the King Park Area and the relationship of crime to the built
environment.
Research Questions
1. Where do residents feel the most unsafe or most crime occurs?
2. What about the physical or built environment makes people feel unsafe?
3. What are the places in the community that residents say are assets?
2011
Examine changes in the perceptions of crime in the King Park Area since 2009.
Research Questions
1. Where do residents feel the most unsafe or most crime occurs?
2. What specifically has changed in King Park since 2009?
3. Have people’s sense of community changed since 2009? Are people more involved in the community?
Common Themes and Areas of Concern2009
Priority Areas1. King Park2. Foshay Learning Center3. Denker Park
Top issues• Drug activity• Theft• Gang activity• Prostitution• Inappropriate, Inadequate
policing
2011
Priority Areas1. Along Western Avenue between
39th Street and Exposition.
Top issues• Drug activity (sell and use)• Alcoholism (public drinking)• Gang activity• Prostitution• Nuisance Businesses• Robbery and theft• Street maintenance• Traffic/pedestrian safety
Actions led by the community after Community-Engaged Mapping
2009
• Restrictions placed on local liquor store
• Re-opening of recreation center at MLK Park
• Programs at the Park, incl. Summer Night Lights
• Lighting and infrastructure improvements
2011
“Secure the Park”• Add signage• Plan and host activities in the
park• Walking Club• Community Picnic• Community Fair
• Regular meetings with local law enforcement
• Advocate for skate park for youth
How can mapping inform community strategy?
1) Illustrating community voice to alter representations of power
2) Create pathways for communities to change their own conditions
3) Providing opportunities to build community capacity4) Visually demonstrating issues and inequity5) Informing how best to impact and change policy6) Community-Based Participatory Action Research provides
tools for community members to do, present, and advocate for themselves
WikimapsWikimaps is a collaborative mapping tool on HealthyCity.org that you can use to add, collect and share community knowledge, data, photos, and videos both online and via cell phones.
Participatory Asset Mapping
A process where community members collectively create asset maps by identifying and providing the information about their own community’s assets on a map.
Participatory Asset Mapping Toolkit, pg. 6
Creating Maps with HealthyCity.org
Name SourceSocial Services 211sNonprofits IRS 990 Center for Nonprofit Management in Southern
CaliforniaSchools Public & Private (Public Schools include Filter by School Demographics such as enrollment, API score, race/ethnicity, etc.)
California Department of Education
WIC Agencies & Vendors Network for a Healthy CaliforniaHospitals (OSHPD) OSHPDHead Start Agencies California Head Start AssociationChild Care Department of Social Services Community
Care Licensing DivisionAlcohol Department of Alcoholic Beverage ControlEPA Environmental Protection AgencyGrocery DeLormeFQHC U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services Health Resources and Services Administration
Banks DeLormeCheck Cashing Businesses DeLorme
Services and Point Data
Creating Maps with HealthyCity.org
Environment & Land UseHealth
Birth, Prenatal & ChildConditions, Disease & InjuryDeathsInsurance & accessPhysical Activity & Nutrition
Neighborhood & CommunityCrime & Public SafetyHousing
Over 2500 variablesMultiple years of data
Thematic Data
Population Characteristics AgeEthnicityEducational Attainment
Civic ParticipationChild WelfareChild Care & Early EducationIncome & PovertyEmploymentNonprofit Infrastructure