USING GIS FOR

ENDANGERED SPECIES ANALYSIS

USING GIS FOR ENDANGERED SPECIES ANALYSIS

» Federal TES (threatened and endangered species) in Indiana

» Need for Analysis

» Data sources

» Analysis Tools

» Analysis Examples

» Communicating Results

Federally Threatened and

Endangered Species in Indiana

Bald Eagle -- Delisted

Interior Least Tern Piping Plover

Federally Listed Birds

Karner Blue Butterfly

Wild Blue Lupine

Mitchell’s Satyr Butterfly

Fen

Hine’s Emerald Green Dragonfly

American Burying Beetle

Federally Listed Insects

Gray Bat

Indiana Bat

Indiana Bat Habitat

Federally Listed Bats

Federally Listed Mussels

Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake

Copperbelly Water Snake

Federally Listed Reptiles

Dune (Pitcher’s) ThistleGreat Lake Dunes

Lesquereux’s Mustard (Short’s Bladderpod) cliffs, calcareous rock

Mead’s Milkweed tall grass prairie or glade

Prairie White-fringed Orchid prairies and fens

Running Buffalo Clover woodlots, parks, trails

Short’s Goldenrod glades, wood edges

Federally Listed Plants

Need for Analysis

» Research

» Section 7 Consultation (Federally listed only)

» Planning and Management of Development and/or Mitigation in Natural Areas

Data Sources

Data: Locating Species» Indiana Natural Heritage Database

(IDNR, Division of Nature Preserves)

» USFWS, Field Office

» Investigators from universities or agencies listed in research literature

» Local/Regional biologists, naturalists, and land managers

» Suitable habitat (land cover layers, aerial photographs)

» Field survey in coordination with USFWS

Data: Field Survey

» GPS Sampling locations Digital photograph locations Telemetry

» GIS survey planning Random sample points Results analysis

» Accuracy Assessment

Data: Digital Base LayersIndiana GIS Atlas – (INDOT, BLA, IGS)

Data: Digital Base LayersIndiana Spatial Data – (IU)

Indiana View – (GloVis)

Data: Digital Base Layers

Data: Digital Base LayersCounty/City Online Maps and Data – (IGIC)

Data: Digital Base LayersGeospatial Data Clearinghouses

Forest ServiceU. S. Department of AgricultureFish and Wildlife Service

National Hydrography Dataset

Information DataAgriculture StatisticsDemographic Statistics

Creating Spatial Data

» GPS Data Collection

» Digitizing Hardcopy

» Summarizing Tabular Information with a spatial component

» Creating data from coordinates

Creating Spatial Data

» Interpolating Grids from Sample Points

» Photo Interpreting Aerial Photography

» Remote Sensing

» METADATA, METADATA, METADATA!!!!!

Analysis Software and Tools

Landscape Analysis

» Animal Movement Analysis Home Range,

Path Analysis, Location Analysis

» Spatial Tools » Population Viability

Analysis creates life tables and evaluates the probability of extinction in the face of

variation.

» Oceanographic Analyst

Movement Analysis & Home Range

» Stratified Interpolation» Generates Reference Map» Analysis of Map Similarity» Capture Point Value» Generate Random Points

Point Data Analysis

» Alternate animal movement routes» Nearest Features» Matched Features Distance/Azimuth» Random points» Weighted Means» Convex Hulls» Grid, Surface Area, Slope Tools» Mahalanobis Distances

Other Tools

Wildlife Corridors

» Corridor Design [ArcCatalog] HSI, Corridor Models, DEMs to slope position raster

» Corridor Evaluation [ArcMap] Compares widths and bottlenecks, distance between patches, statistics

Landscape Habitat Suitability Models for 21 Species

OvenbirdPrairie warblerHenslow’s sparrowHooded warblerCerulean warblerYellow-breasted chatPine warblerWorm-eating warblerWood thrushWild turkeyRuffed grouseAmerican woodcockNorthern bobwhiteGray squirrelBlack bearBobcatRed batNorthern long-eared batIndiana batRed backed salamanderTimber rattlesnake

USFS – Northern Research Stationhttp://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/1865Journal of Wildlife Management. 2007. 71(2): 668-670

» Functional Linkage of Watersheds and Streams (FLoWS) aquatic and terrestrial landscapes are hydrologically-linked

» Functional Connectivity Tools (FunnConn) landscape connectivity is examined from a functional perspective

» Spatially balanced sampling provides environmental managers a practical, useful GIS tool to generate

simple, efficient, and robust survey designs for natural resource applications

» R is a free software environment for statistical computing

and graphics

Species Probability Distributions

» Biomapper Performs Ecological Niche Factor

Analysis and outputs a habitat suitability model

» GARP Predict and analysis species distributions

» openModeller creates a fundamental niche model and

projects the model into an environmental scenario

Analysis Examples

Biological Reach

» Biological reach vs. Project Footprint

» How far away will impacts from the project effect the species of interest both directly and indirectly?

Data Collection

» DNR Databases

» USFWS Recent Records

» Field Data Collection

» Small Scale Land Cover

» Large Scale Land Cover

» Photo Interpretation

» Habitat Line Transects

1990 30m LULC

2003 5m Tree cover

Travel Distance Analysis

Patch Analysis

Core Area Analysis

Proximity Analysis

Using GIS to Facilitate

Communication

Discuss Analysis Early and Often

» Frequent, informal communication

» GIS creates images for discussion

» GIS quickly runs different tolerances to determine methods

Sharing Data» Email

» ArcExplorer

» METADATA – no data leaves home without it.

Confidentiality Issues» Digital data is easily shared

» Use restricted folders

» Place lots of notices in metadata

» Use “confidential” in the filename

» Work with regulatory agencies on the best ways to protect confidential hardcopy documents.

File Management» Detailed file management is a MUST

» Archive old versions of maps and data

» Fully describe methods in metadata or other documents.

Contact Information

Cinda BondsWildlife Biologist

Bernardin, Lochmueller & Associatescbonds@blainc.com

Evansville, Indiana812-479-6200

Indianapolis, Indiana317-222-3880

Data ReferencesINDIANA ATLAShttp://129.79.145.7/arcims/statewide_mxd/index.html

INDIANA SPATIAL DATA PORTAL http://www.indiana.edu/~gisdata/index.html

INDIANA COUNTIES / CITIEShttp://www.in.gov/igic/maps/index.html

INDIANA VIEWhttp://www.indianaview.org/objectives.cfm

FOREST SERVICE GEODATA CLEARINGHOUSEhttp://svinetfc4.fs.fed.us/clearinghouse/index.html

FOREST INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS DATAhttp://www.fia.fs.fed.us/

Data ReferencesUSDA SPATIAL DATA GATEWAYhttp://datagateway.nrcs.usda.gov/NextPage.aspx

FWS GEOSPATIAL DATA INVENTORYhttp://www.fws.gov/data/datafws.html

GEODATA.GOVhttp://www.fws.gov/data/datafws.html

INDIANA AGRICULTURE STATISTICShttp://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/Indiana/index.asp

INDIANA DEMOGRAPHIC STATISTICShttp://www.stats.indiana.edu/ http://www.zipskinny.com/

NATIONAL HYDROGRAPHY DATASEThttp://nhd.usgs.gov/index.html

Software ReferencesCLEARINGHOUSE FOR ECOLOGY SOFTWARE – IL NATL HISTORY SURVEY

http://nhsbig.inhs.uiuc.edu/

JENNESS ENTERPRISEShttp://www.jennessent.com/arcview/arcview_extensions.htm

OPEN MODELLERhttp://openmodeller.sourceforge.net/

DESKTOP GARP http://www.nhm.ku.edu/desktopgarp/

BIOMAPPER http://www2.unil.ch/biomapper/

DUKE GEOSPATIAL ANALYSIS PROGRAMhttp://www.nicholas.duke.edu/geospatial/software/

Software ReferencesSTARMAP

http://www.nrel.colostate.edu/projects/starmap/

R PROJECT STATISTICShttp://www.r-project.org/index.html

PATCH ANALYSThttp://glash.lakeheadu.ca/~rrempel/patch/

FRAGSTATShttp://www.umass.edu/landeco/research/fragstats/fragstats.html

ANIMAL MOVEMENT / SPATIAL TOOLS / POPULATION VIABILITY ANALYSIShttp://www.absc.usgs.gov/glba/gistools/index.htm

CORRIDOR DESIGNERhttp://www.corridordesign.org/

LANDSCAPE HSIMODELShttp://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/1865