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Using audio and visual tools to enhance instruction
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Transcript of Using audio and visual tools to enhance instruction
Using Audio and Visual Tools to Enhance Instruction
By: Margaret Black
Overview
This article was written to help teachers understand how audio and visual tools can be used to enhance instruction both before the digital age and currently.
Old School
When we think of AV materials used in classrooms before the digital age we are referring to:
• Cassette tapes
• Overhead projectors
• Filmstrips and slides
• Televisions
Audio is still the dominant mode of instruction in most classrooms
Listening
• Teachers need to teach listening skills
• Focused listening can be taught through games
Listening
• Listening begins with being able to hear
• Straining causes fatigue and frustration
• Be sure you can be heard
• There are amplification systems to enhance teacher voices
Each Modality you use in instruction causes new dendrites,
pathways, to be formed in the brain
Multiple pathways make recall easier.
For students who have difficulty listening, audio tapes can help
Tapes can be used for:• Talking books• Multimedia clips• Oral history• Oral journals• Interviews
Telephones can also be used as an audio learning tool
So can Radio and Broadcasts
Internet Radio can enhance instruction in every area of the
curriculum
CD’s and DVD’s
CD’s and DVD’s have replaced cassettes due to their better quality and great storage capacity
MP3’s and WAV files
• Wav files are large and can take a long time to download. They are used for shorter recordings
• MP3’s are compact and often used for songs and longer recordings
Visual Communication
“Children acquire and visual literacy skills throughout their educational experience. Regardless of what you teach, you will have an impact on the visual skills your students attain…how you design, arrange, and present visual information to learners will affect their visual literacy set, positively or negatively.”
~Audio and Visual Technologies p.9
Positive Impact
Clear consistent information will help learners build visual literacy skills
Negative impact
Confusing or disconnected information will not only make the content you present suffer but also a student’s visual literacy development
All teachers should study the basics of visual communication
6 words 6 Lines Rule
The brain has difficulty processing more than six words in a line or six lines at a time. This is important to keep in mind when creating presentations.
~From Visual Literacy: Learn to See, See to Learn by Lynell Burmark
Sans Sarif
Sans Sarif Fonts also cause less processing strain and can be read from further away.
Visual Elements Include:
• Graphics
• Symbols
• Real objects
• Organizational tools
• Backgrounds
Text Elements include:
• Words chosen
• Font styles and sizes
• Font colors
Affective Elements
These can elicit a response from the viewer like humor, sadness, or surprise.
Warning! Danger!
Irrelevant and disconnected images and text send mixed messages and make it harder for the viewer to interpret and retain the message.
Considerations include:
• Coherence and consistency
• Portion and contrast
• Unity and direction
• Keep in mind the big picture. What are you trying to convey?
Non Projected Visuals include:
• Real objects
• Models
• Exhibits
• Photographs
Displays
• Bulletin boards• Flip charts• White boards• Magnetic boards, felt
boards• Electronic white
boards not only display but capture images
Projected Visuals include:
• Overhead projector
• Slide projector
• LCD displays
• Digital projector
• Document Cameras
• Motion Video
An advantage of projected visuals is that the teacher can maintain eye
contact with their audience
Multimedia
Multimedia consists of:• Audio• Visual• Text• Graphics• Sound • VideoInto a single coherent presentation.
Brain Based Research supports greater learning with the use of
Multimedia
However, presentations must be congruent and coherent in their
design
Summary
Integrating audio, visual, and multimedia elements into your teaching will result in greater learning. However, it is crucial that the overall presentation is clear, cohesive, and consistent
References and Additional Resources
• “Audio and Visual Technologies”
• Visual Literacy: Learn to See, See to Learn by Lynell Burmark
• Engaging the Eye Generation, Visual Literacy Strategies for the K-5 Classroom by Johanna Riddle
• Visual Tool Box Blog
• http://visual-lit.wikispaces.com/