USES USES OFOF NUCLEAR NUCLEAR ENERGYENERGY

IntroductionIntroduction

Generally it is believed that nuclear Generally it is believed that nuclear energy is used for destructive purposes energy is used for destructive purposes only. But, in fact it has more positive uses only. But, in fact it has more positive uses than its negative uses. Basically atom is than its negative uses. Basically atom is the source of nuclear energy. This energy the source of nuclear energy. This energy is released by splitting of a nuclei in to is released by splitting of a nuclei in to two.two.

FissionFission

The spontaneous or induced splitting of an atomic nucleus into smaller nuclei, usually accompanied by a significant release of energy.

Nuclear RadiationsNuclear Radiations

Alpha ParticlesAlpha Particles

Positively Charged particle & Heavy as Positively Charged particle & Heavy as compared to other particlescompared to other particles

Beta ParticlesBeta Particles

Negatively charged particle & more Negatively charged particle & more penetrating as compared to Alphapenetrating as compared to Alpha

Gamma RadiationsGamma Radiations

No Charge, highly penetrating radiationsNo Charge, highly penetrating radiations

Radioactive IsotopesRadioactive Isotopes

Elements can be made radioactive Elements can be made radioactive by bombarding them with neutrons. by bombarding them with neutrons. The atoms of the elements so The atoms of the elements so bombarded capture these bombarded capture these neutrons, thus form a different neutrons, thus form a different nuclei called radio isotope. These nuclei called radio isotope. These radioisotopes have unstable nuclei, radioisotopes have unstable nuclei, and dissipate excess energy in the and dissipate excess energy in the form of gamma and other rays.form of gamma and other rays.

Medical UsesMedical Uses In isotope scanning, a radioisotope is In isotope scanning, a radioisotope is

introduced into the body, usually by means of introduced into the body, usually by means of intravenous injection. The isotope is then taken intravenous injection. The isotope is then taken up in different amounts by different organs. Its up in different amounts by different organs. Its distribution can be determined by recording the distribution can be determined by recording the radiation it emits, and through charting its radiation it emits, and through charting its concentration it is often possible to recognize concentration it is often possible to recognize the presence, size, and shape of various the presence, size, and shape of various abnormalities in body organs. abnormalities in body organs.

The human body organs effected by cancer are The human body organs effected by cancer are treated with nuclear radiations called treated with nuclear radiations called Radiotherapy. Effected cells are killed by this Radiotherapy. Effected cells are killed by this process.process.

Use in AgricultureUse in Agriculture

Technical advancement in nuclear Technical advancement in nuclear technology has helped in the technology has helped in the production of crops seed having more production of crops seed having more crop production and safe from insects crop production and safe from insects and other illness.and other illness.

Nuclear radiations helps to preserve Nuclear radiations helps to preserve fruit and vegetable for a longer time.fruit and vegetable for a longer time.

This also helps in analyzing soil type This also helps in analyzing soil type and gives information to enhance its and gives information to enhance its quality.quality.

Production of Electric Production of Electric PowerPower

Production of Nuclear power is Production of Nuclear power is similar to other plants with the similar to other plants with the difference that nuclear energy difference that nuclear energy is used for the production of is used for the production of steam that rotates the turbine steam that rotates the turbine blades with its exhaust.blades with its exhaust.

Atomic BombAtomic Bomb The bomb producing shock waves and The bomb producing shock waves and

heat and radiations due to fission.heat and radiations due to fission. The energy produced is malisons time The energy produced is malisons time

greater the conventional TNT weapon.greater the conventional TNT weapon. The atomic bomb has been used only The atomic bomb has been used only

twice in warfare. The first was at twice in warfare. The first was at Hiroshima in1945. In an instant, 66,000 Hiroshima in1945. In an instant, 66,000 people were killed and 69,000 injured by a people were killed and 69,000 injured by a 10-kiloton atomic explosion. 10-kiloton atomic explosion.

On August 9, 1945, Nagasaki fell to the On August 9, 1945, Nagasaki fell to the same treatment with a Plutonium bomb. Its same treatment with a Plutonium bomb. Its targeted only a mile and a half, but it still targeted only a mile and a half, but it still leveled nearly half of the city. In few leveled nearly half of the city. In few seconds, Nagasaki's population dropped seconds, Nagasaki's population dropped from 422,000 to 383,000. Over 25,000 from 422,000 to 383,000. Over 25,000 people were injured. people were injured.

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