USER CENTERED DESIGN - D'source Digital Online Learning ... · USER CENTERED DESIGN A helmet for...
Transcript of USER CENTERED DESIGN - D'source Digital Online Learning ... · USER CENTERED DESIGN A helmet for...
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USER CENTERED DESIGN A helmet for two wheeler riders
Prof. B. K. ChakravarthyIDC, IIT Bombay
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THE CONTEXT
• Exponential increase in traffic density and the number of casualties.
• Outcry against making helmet usage compulsory.
• Life saving devices which people refuse to wear !
• Conflict of wanting to protect oneself but not wanting to wear a helmet.
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SCOPE OF INTERVENTION
• Organization of the
product
• Materials
• User aspirations
• Existing ergonomics
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TYPES OF HELMETS
• Full face helmet
• "Convertible" or "Flip-up”
• 3/4 face helmet
• ½ helmet
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TYPICAL CONSTRUCTION
Acrylic visor
Protection from
dust and foreign
objects
P U
padding
for wear
comfort
PVC trimming
EPS foam Absorbs
kinetic Energy,
Reduces
deceleration of the
head
Composite
shell - pierce
protection
Alternate
Material -
Fiber glass,
Carbon fiber,
Kevlar
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MATERIALS USED
• Kevlar
• Carbon fiber
• Lexan
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TECHNOLOGIES
• Designed to protect the head from rotational injury.
• Polymer membrane slips in a controlled
manner over the inner carbon-Kevlar shell.
• Reevu rear view system:
• Inbuilt rear view mirror through a sequence of mirrors.
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FALL
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BRAIN INJURY
Open type:
• Skull bone fracture
Closed type:
• Caused by violent
acceleration of head
• Brain tissue collides with
inside of the skull
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ENERGY ABSORBING DEVICE
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STANDARDSIndian standards:
• BIS - IS 4151
Test lines:
• Minimum area to be protected
• Six sizes-550 to 600mm circumference of inside band
• Constructional requirements
• Performance
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SIMILAR PRODUCTS
• Protection
• Armor
• Crumple zones
• Packaging
• Securing
• Watches
• Belts
• Caps/monkey caps
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FIELD STUDYLocations
• Mumbai - Powai market, Powai road, Santacruz
• Pune - Aundh, F.C road, Inner city.
Observing Users
• Traffic lights - to understand what users do.
• Pan shops/stores- to observe behavior
• Storage habits- during stops and at office
• Journey start/end points-
– to see ingress egress actions
• Informal discussions, gentle probing
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OBSERVATIONS
Securing
• Helmet comes loose
• Excessive play
• Constant adjustment
• Buckle irritates skin
• Buckle difficult to operate
• Riders seldom buckle up
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COMFORT
• Becomes hot and muggy
• Higher CO2 levels
• Excessive sweating which hinders vision
• Deterioration of the helmet lining
• Bad smell
• Scarf or a balaclava underneath
• Ride with the visor up
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STORAGE
• Place it on rear view mirrors or on the fuel Tanks, done even if helmet lock is present.
• Have to dismount the vehicle and use both hands to secure the helmet to the vehicle.
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STORAGE• Apprehensive about
available helmet locks
• Some use chains and wire locks.
• Tendency to place the helmet or hook it on to something.
• Hung on rear view mirrors, kept on footboards and fuel tanks.
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PERCEPTION ISSUES• Perceived as a barrier
• Tendency to wear it on highways
• “It won't happen to me” attitude
• “Getting into” the helmet
• Claustrophobic feeling
• Loss of identity
• “Wind in the air feeling” is lost
• Helmet is a hassle
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• Interaction with the environment less
• helmet restricts the field of view
• isolation from the various sounds of the road
• talking to the pillion rider is difficult
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PRODUCT BRIEF• Should encourage use
• Should look protective and safe
• Should protect the head against impact and piercing from any side
• Provide protection against environmental factors
• Have a single operation securing
• Be conducive to carry in multiple ways
• Occupy less volume when not in use
• Easy to wear and right fit for the head
• Should not wobble or shake on wearing
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IDEATION
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IDEA CLUSTERS
Grouping according to the core functionalities.
Ventilation cluster:
Comfort when in use.
Storage cluster :
Short term and long term.
Wearing cluster :
Convenient wearing and removing of the helmet.
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VENTILATION CLUSTER
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REPRESENTATIVE
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LARGE GAPS REDUCED
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CONTOUR CHANGED TO EAR PROFILE
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PROFILE CHANGED FOR BETTER
GRIP
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CONCEPT A - VENTILATION
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STORAGE CLUSTER
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REDUCTION IN STORAGE VOLUME
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CONCEPT B – EASE OF STORAGE
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EASE OF USE OF CLUSTER
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OVERLAPPING PARTS
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REDUCE CONTACT AREA WITH SKIN
WHILE WEARING
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SECURING CAN BE INTEGRATED WITH
THE HELMET
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INITIAL
SKETCH
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SINGLE HINGE CHANGED TO TWO
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LATERAL MOVEMENT ACCOUNTED
FOR
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CONCEPT C – EASE OF USE
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CONCEPT D - EASE OF WEARING
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REPRESENTATIVE EASE OF WEARING
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USE NATURAL WEARING ACTION
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SURFACE AREA EXPOSED REDUCED
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RINGS MADE BIGGER AND WIDER
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CONCEPT D – EASE OF WEARING
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EVALUATION OF CONCEPTS
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FINAL SELECTED CONCEPT
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VALIDATION• Dr. Dinesh Mohan (IIT -
Delhi) an expert in the areas of impact and bio-mechanics.
• Design changed to a 2 part configuration.
• Gap between the shell reduced to min of 4 mm.
• Integral height adjustment provided for snug fit on the head .
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REFINEMENT•Three ring to two ring
shift.
•Exploration of relative
proportions of the rings.
•Detail of foam cross section
to enable sliding.
•Detail of upper ridge for
locking.
•Rain protection.
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SECURING
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FORM OPTIONS
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FORM REFINEMENT
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MANUFACTURING DESIGN
• Shells made of
engineering plastics
• Liners and ear guards
made of Elastomers
• Silicon gasket at
partition to prevent
water ingress
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PROTOTYPE TESTING
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INNOVATIVE DESIGN
• Collapsing helmet
• Ventilation through
partition
• Smart looking
• Excellent wear comfort
• Easy to store
• Easy to wear
• Fits all head sizes
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THANK YOU