Useful Addresses

AB Designs, 81 Sutton Common Road, Sutton, Surrey. 01-644 6643 Acorn Computers, Technopark, Newmarket Road, Cambridge CBS 8PD.

(0223) 214411 Acornsoft, Technopark, Newmarket Road, Cambridge CBS 8PD.

(0223) 214411 Acorn User, Redwood Publishing, 141-143 Drury Lane, London

WC2B STF. 01-836 2441 Advanced Memory Systems, 166-170 Wilderspool Causeway, Warrington

RG112NZ. (092S) 413S01 AUCBE, Endymion Road, Hatfield, Herts. (07072) 6S443 Addison-Wesley, Finchampstead Road, Wokingham RG112NZ.

(0734) 79400 Argus Press, 1 Golden Square, London W1R 3AB. 01-437 0626 Arnold, 41 Bedford Square, London WClB 3DQ. 01-637 7161 Arnold-Wheaton, Parkside Lane, Dewsbury. ASKseeESM ATM, Kings Chambers, Queen Street, Derby DE13DA Beebugsoft, PO Box 109, High Wycombe, Bucks. (0727) 60263 BBC (Beebsoft), Room 107, 3S Marylebone High Street, London

W1M 8AA. 01-S80 SS77 Bourne Educational Software, Bourne House, The Hundred, Ramsey

SOS 8BY. (0794) S23301 Cambridge Micro Software,- see CUP COIC Software, Manpower Services Commission, Moorfoot, Sheffield

S14PQ. (0742) 704S63 CUP (Cambridge University Press), Edinburgh Building, Shaftesbury

Road, Cambridge. (0223) 312393 Chalksoft, PO Box 49, Spalding PE111NZ. (077S) 69S18 Clwyd Technics, Unit 4B, Antelope Industrial Estate, Rhydymwyn, Mold,

Clwyd. (03S2) 837S1 Colne Robotics, Beaufort Road, Off Richmond Road, East Twickenham

TW12PQ. 01-892 8197 Commotion, 241 Green Street, Enfield EN3 7SJ. 01-8041378 Computer Concepts, Gaddesden Place, Hemel Hempstead, Herts.

HP2 6EX. (0442) 63933

Useful Addresses 181

CET (Council for Educational Technology), 3 Devonshire Street, London Wl. 01-5807553

Dial Software, 72 Downend Road, Downend, Bristol Doctor Soft, 258 Coneygree Road, Peterborough. (0903) 206076 Economatics, Epic House, 9 Orgreave Road, Handsworth, Sheffield

S13 9LQ. (0742) 690801 ESM (Educational Software for Microcomputers), Duke Street, Wisbech,

Cambs. (0945) 63444 Fernleaf Educational Software, Fernleaf House, 31 Old Road West,

Gravesend, Kent DA11 OLH ArturFischer, 25 Newtown Road, Marlow, BucksSL71JY. (06284) 72882 4mation, Linden Lea, Rock Park, Barnstaple, Devon EX32 9AQ Garland Computing, 35 Dean Hill, Plymouth, Devon Ginn & Co, Prebendal House, Parsons Fee, Aylesbury, Bucks Glentop, Standfast House, Bath Place, High Street, Barnet, Herts ENS lED Golem, 77 Qualitas, Bracknell, Berks. Griffin, 285 Ealing Road, Wembley, Middlesex HAO lHJ Griffin & George, 285 Ealing Road, Alperton, Wembley, Middlesex GSM, Manchester University Press, 214 Stamford Street, Ashton-under-

Lyne OL6 7LR. 061-339 6635 H & H Software, 53 Holloway, Runcorn, Cheshire Heinemann Computers in Education, 22 Bedford Square, London

WClB 3HH. 01-637 3311 Hill MacGibbon, 8 Grafton Street, London WlX 3LA. 01-493 7070 Hodder & Stoughton, Mill Road, Dunton Green, Sevenoaks, Kent

TN13 2YA. (0732) 450111 Hutchinson Education, Brookmount House, 62-65 Chandos Place,

Covent Garden, London WC2N 4NW. 01-240 3411 Innovonics, 147 Upland Road, East Dulwich, London SE22 ODF Interactive Video Centre, 27 Marylebone Road, London NW15JS.

01-935 8190 Intergalactic Robots, Unit 208, High bury Workshops, 22 Highbury Grove,

London NS 2EE. 01-359 2536 Island Logic System, 12 Collegiate Crescent, Sheffield SlO 2BA ISMeC, Westminster College, North Hinksey, Oxford OX2 9 AT Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 OEL Ladybird/Longman, Longman Group Resources Unit, 33-35 Tanner Row,

YorkYOllJP Lego UK Ltd,, Wrexham, Clwyd LL13 7TQ. (0978) 266949 Linear Graphics, 28 Purdeys Way, Rochford, Essex SS4 lNE. (0702) 541664 Logo Software,, 316a Richmond Road, Twickenham, Middlesex TWl 2PD.

01-8910989 Logotron, 5 Granby Street, Lough borough, Leics. LE113DU Longman Group, Longman House, Burnt Mill, Harlow, Essex

182 The Future of the Microcomputer in Schools

LTS (Learning and Training Systems Ltd), Haydon House, Alcester Road, Studley, Warwickshire. (0386) 792617

MacDonald Educational, Maxwell House, 74 Worship Street, London EC2 2EN. 01-377 4673

McGraw-Hill Book Co., Shoppenhangers Road, Maidenhead, Berks. SL6 2QL. (0628) 23432

Milton Bradley, Spencer House, 23 Sheen Road, Richmond, Surrey TW9 lAL. 01-940 6069

Mirrorsoft, 74 Worship Street, London EC2A 2EN. 01-377 4837 MUSE, PO Box 43, Hull HU12HD. NEC (National Extension College), 18 Brooklands Avenue, Cambridge Nelcal Nelson, Nelson House, Mayfield Road, Walton-on-Thames, Surrey

KT12 4BR. (09322) 46133 Oxford Microware, 52 St Giles, Oxford OX13LU. (0865) 54505 Pilot One Ltd,, 22 Campbell Road, Bedford MK40 3D D. (0234) 327688 Pitman, 128 Long Acre, London WC2 9AN. 01-637 7651 Research Machines Ltd, Mill St. Oxford OX2 OBW. (0865) 249866 R.E.S.O.U.R.C.E., MEP Regional Centre, Exeter Road, off Coventry

Grove, Doncaster DN2 4PY. (0302) 63800 Routledge and Kegan Paul, 39 Store Street, London WClE 7DD.

01-637 7651 RoSPA, (Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents), The Priory,

Queensway, Birmingham B4 6BS S & S, (Schofield and Sims), Dogley Mill, Fenay Bridge, Huddersfield Shumwari Associates, 12 Marlin Court, Marlow, Bucks. SL7 2AJ Silverlind, 156 Newton Road, Burton-on-Trent, Staffs. (0283) 63987 SESS, (Specialised Education and Software Services Ltd), Central Trading

Estate, 275-277 Bath Road, Bristol. (0272) 710103 Shards, 189 Eton Road, Ilford, Essex Silversoft, Unit 7D Kings Yard, Carpenters Road, London E15 2HD.

01-985 5614 Social Science Software, Freepost, Birkenhead, Merseyside L42 2AB Storm, Newbury Court, Gillingham SP8 4QX. (07476) 2774 Superior Software, 69 Leeds Road, Bramhope, Leeds SYSTEM, 12 Collegiate Crescent, Sheffield. (0742) 682321 Tecmedia, 5 Granby Street, Loughborough. (0509) 230248 The Times Network for Schools, 200 Grays Inn Road, London WClX 8EZ.

01-8371234 Timetable Systems, 39 Somerset Road, Frome, Somerset BAlllHD.

(0373) 63749 University Software, PO Box 383, London N6 SUP. 01-883 7155. Wigmore House Publishing, 32 Savile Row, London WlX lAG.

01-734 8826 Wida Software, 2 Nicholas Gardens, London WS. 01-567 6941

Useful Addresses 183

John Wiley Software, Baffins Lane, Chichester, Sussex P0191UD. (0243) 784531

Yorke House Software, Pendower Hall, West Road, Newcastle-upon­Tyne, NElS 6PP. 091-274 3620

Glossary

Acoustic coupler A device for connecting a computer to a telephone line for inter-computer communications. The handset of the telephone rests in a container which picks up signals from the ear-piece and transmits via the microphone. See also 'modem'.

Active disc In video disc ( q. v.) technology an active disc is one which is capable of being controlled by reference to its frame numbers or via a data track which is separate from the video and sound track.

Artificial intelligence The generation of programs which are capable of incorporating new knowledge into their systems, i.e. learning. Expert systems ( q. v.) are definitely at the forefront of this technology.

Authoring programs This type of program allows the user to perform programming tasks without any knowledge of a programming language. A simple example is a multi-choice test generator. More sophisticated authoring programs have become languages in themselves - Microtext is a good example.

Back-up To back up a disc is to make a copy. This is then called the back-up copy.

Bar-code reader A device for reading the black and white stripes on consumer goods bought in stores. The reader works by reflecting infra-red light off the white stripes. This is received in another part of the device and the difference between white and black is detected and interpreted.

BASIC Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code - the funda­mental programming langage of most school computers.

Baud rate The speed of transmission of information along a com­munication link.

BBC Buggy A small vehicle, controllable directly from the BBC micro­computer by a command language or via a programming language such as BASIC or Logo.

Bibliographic database This type of database stores abstracts of articles and other textual information. Retrieval of that information is achieved by

Glossary 185

reference to a set of keywords associated with that abstract. The keyword list is searched, rather than the database itself (See sequential database). The keywords are carefully chosen to ensure that the abstract is retrieved when required.

Binary The basic code of computers. Binary code allows for two states only- on and off. A number in binary is either 0 or 1, representing either of these two states.

Blue folder software In MEP this type of software is freely copyable.

Buffer box This is a device which comes between a computer and another device which the computer is controlling. It affords protection from damage to the computer by any fault that may occur in the external device.

Buggy A wheeled vehicle used in control applications

Cable TV As its name suggests, cable TV receives its signal directly down a cable rather than via an aerial. Optical fibre cable is used to ensure quality pictures and to carry a much larger number of signals than is possible with conventional cable.

CAIS Communications and information systems - one of the domains of MEP.

CAL Computer assisted learning.

CBL Computer based learning.

Ceefax The BBC teletext service, transmitted with the television picture.

CET Council for Educational Technology.

Classroom terminal A keyboard link to a central computer.

COIC Careers and Occupational Information Centre.

Compact disc A laser-read disc used in hi-fi systems. This type of disc eliminates wear and is virtually interference-free.

Concept Keyboard An alternative keyboard which allows overlays to be used made on A4 and A3 sheets. Touching parts of the board has the same effect as touching keys on the conventional keyboard.

Content-free A program containing no content in itself but providing a structure with which the user may structure material.

Control codes These are codes sent to the printer or to the screen to change the way text or pictures are presented.

186 The Future of the Microcomputer in Schools

Database A store of information that may be handled by a computer.

Dedicated database An information-handling package which has been tailor-made to handle a specific set of information.

Digital In computer terms this refers to the transmission of information by means of a binary code rather than by a waveform as is the case with, for example, conventional radio and TV pictures. Digital information does not suffer from interference and may be fully reconstituted, even from a poor signal.

Domesday Project A BBC project to catalogue and store information about the British Isles on videodisc.

Dot-matrix printer These printers work by forming characters, letters and numbers from a grid of dots which are struck onto printing paper through a ribbon.

Download To take down information or programs electronically from a remote computer.

E&CT Electronics and Control Technology. One of the MEP domains.

Econet The Acorn network system for linking computers to a single file-server.

Electronic blackboard The use of the computer as a teaching aid in a class situation.

Electronic mail The transmission of mail via a computer in electronic form. Transmission and receipt may be almost instantaneous and the system allows simultaneous mailing to many destinations of the same text.

Envelopes An envelope is the 'shape' of a sound consisting of elements such as attack, pitch, and decay.

Expert systems A computer system which is able to learn new knowledge and integrate it into its system. Medical expert systems are providing a means of diagnosis which is capable of bringing together the expertise of many doctors on one computer.

Feedback Information relayed from a computer-controlled device back to the computer.

File server A computer which, in a network, 'serves' information from a central disc or memory store to the other computers on the network.

Filing system The means of storing information gathered by the com­puter. This may be cassette, floppy disc or hard disc. There are other more esoteric methods as well.

Glossary 187

Flat bed plotter A device for drawing diagrams, using a pen or pens which may be moved in an X, Y orientation in response to commands from the computer.

Floor turtles Wheeled vehicles which are controlled by the Logo lan­guage. They usually incorporate a pen and a buzzer.

Floppy disc A storage medium composed of magnetic material on a thin plastic disc rotating in a card sleeve.

Hard disc A storage medium, similar to a floppy disc only in that it rotates in a disc drive. Hard discs are not removable from the drive generally and they are capable of holding huge amounts of information.

High-level languages BASIC, Logo, Pascal and so on are all high-level languages since they are codes which are a long way removed from the method in which the computer operates. Before the computer can act on their commands it must first interpret them.

High-resolution graphics Graphics with a high number of pixels (points of light) per square centimetre. The higher the number, the clearer the picture.

Host system This is a computer which is the central agency for an on-line information system such as videotex or other databases.

Information systems Databases, word processors, anything which handles information.

Information technology The whole gamut of applications derived from the use of the microprocessor.

Interactive video This style of video allows the user to respond to what happens on screen. The response then governs what happens next. The strategies for deciding the next action are of course controlled by the computer.

Interface To link an external device to a computer. An interface is the actual linking unit.

Interfacing projects Measurement, monitoring and any application which requires a device to be connected to the computer for project work comes under this heading.

ISIS The In School In Service education pack, devised by RESOURCE in Doncaster for introducing teachers to the use of the computer across the curriculum.

Joysticks Devices which allow control of the computer via a simple control lever and a 'fire' button.

188 The Future of the Microcomputer in Schools

K or Kilobyte One K is equal to approximately one thousand bytes. A byte is the amount of memory needed, for example, to create one letter of the alphabet.

Keywords BASIC keywords are the main code words which enable cer­tain events in the computer.

List processing The handling of lists of information by the Logo language.

Local area network A linking together of two or more computers on a single site, Econet for example.

Local viewdata Prestel-type services provided regionally or by independent bodies to a limited number of subscribers.

Logo The language devised by Seymour Papert in response to his desire to make the computer more 'friendly' for educational purposes.

Low-level languages As opposed to high-level languages this type of communication with the computer is nearer to its type of operation and therefore needs less interpretation before the computer acts upon instructions, Assembler for example.

Mainframe Any computer which is larger than a microcomputer or per­sonal computer. Nowadays mini computers such as the VAX are counted as mainframes.

Megabyte A thousand Kilobytes

MFA Microelectronics For All. The MEP sponsored initiative for introducing microelectronics to a wider audience by making it modular and therefore simpler to deal with.

Microelectronics Education Programme The government funded pro­gramme which sparked off the interest in microcomputers in the classroom.

Microelectronics Support Unit The successor to MEP

Micronet 800 A service based within Prestel for microcomputer users. Microprocessor The fundamental workhorse of the microcomputer. One microprocessor performs the tasks undertaken previously by thousands of valves and transistors.

Modem This device performs the same function as an acoustic coupler ( q. v.) but the difference is that it is a direct link without any sound transmission. The modem is wired directly into the telephone system. Monitoring Watching the progress of an experiment, for example, by

Glossary 189

continuous read-out from a computer in response to in-coming signals from sensors.

Mouse An alternative input device that gets its name from its shape. The mouse is a rollerball in a case with three programmable buttons. Moving the mouse around the table causes a pointer to move on screen. This pointer may then be used to initiate certain functions by pressing the appropriate button on the mouse. WIMP environments (Window Icon Mouse Pointer) have been found to be one of the easiest ways of com­municating with a computer.

Multi-tasking The ability to undertake more than one task without the need to reload files and programs on a computer. This should not be confused with concurrence, which is the ability to undertake more than one complex processing task at the same time.

Network A system which interconnects computers either locally or on a larger scale.

Network stations Dedicated computers which are designed to be used with a network. When linked to a network various elements of a stand­alone computer become redundant. Network stations should, in theory, be cheaper for this reason.

On-line communication Communication with other computers via a link such as the Telecom phone system.

Operating system The main driving system of the computer.

Operating System Commands The commands which cause the operating system to go about its tasks.

Output lines The lines from the various ports on a computer which send messages to other devices - e.g. the printer port. N.B. most ports can contain both input and output lines.

Picture processing The production of pictures and graphics by means of a graphics editor.

Port An entry or exit point to or from a computer for an external device such as a printer, modem or disc drive.

Prolog A computer language designed to build on the principles of natural language.

Random access In terms of computer memory this is associated with RAM (random access memory) which may be written to and read from freely as opposed to ROM which is read only memory. With reference to databases, random access means any database system which searches a disc for information by referring either to field names or to a keyword index.

190 The Future of the Microcomputer in Schools

Recursive drawing routines Drawing routines which repeat the same basic pattern over and over to achieve a particular effect or which build upon the growth of a basic pattern.

Robot arm A mechanical device which illustrates simple principles of control and robotics.

Robotics Computer-control involving movement of a device and usually some element of feed-back (although this is not vital to the definition).

ROM Read only memory

Screen-dump A picture of the screen produced on a dot-matrix printer. A screen-dump utility such as Printmaster from Computer Concepts is generally needed although some programs do incorporate this facility.

Second processor An add-on to the computer which enables extra com­puting power, speed and memory space. For the BBC B and B+ there are two main second processors- the 6502 and the Z80. For the Master Series there will be a variety of add-ons from the Turbo which adds speed to the operation of the machine up to the Scientific which is a 32-bit processor.

Sequential database This type of database is searched linearly with all records being searched for the occurrence of the required combination of elements.

Serial communications The serial output of a computer sends its informa­tion in a stream of electronic signals. The speed of this transmission is measured by the baud rate.

Simulations Computer programs which attempt to reproduce a situation or a human condition in order that the user might experience it. An example is a program like 1914 which places the user in the role of commander of British Forces in the First World War.

Spreadsheet An accounting program which allows the modification of an entire set of accounts simply by the alteration of single elements within the account. Any change effected on one part of the account is instantly reflected elsewhere.

Sprite graphics Fast moving graphic characters which do not interfere with the background of the screen picture.

Stand-alone machines Computers that are not connected to any central databanks nor to any other computers.

String A set of characters, letters or numbers which are linked together. These strings may be actual words, parts of words or simply sets of code characters.

Glossary 191

Telecom Gold The British Telecom electronic mail system.

Teletext The information system provided by all four television channels. This also describes a style of print used on computer screens. Mode 7 or teletext print takes less memory space than any other style.

Telesoftware Software transmitted by the teletext service and received by a teletext de-coder and computer.

Times Network for Schools A Telecom Gold-style electronic mail system for use by schools, set up by Times Newspapers.

Turtle graphics Graphics produced by Logo-style languages usually incorporating recursive drawing routines.

TVEI Technical Vocational Education Initiative.

User port One of the computer ports on the BBC micro to which may be attached a variety of devices including a mouse.

User-friendly Software that does not demand knowledge of computer operation and is generally easy to use even by the most inexperienced operator.

VDU commands Commands sent to the computer which directly affect the way in which it presents its output.

Video disc A storage medium for video pictures which allows high-quality reproduction and random access to frames.

Videotex Information systems such as Prestel and other on-line teletext­style presentations. These are different from Teletext in that they come down a direct line from the computer rather than being a component part of a television signal. Another quality of videotex is that it is interactive -the user may send information, messages, orders etc back to the originating computer.

Viewdata As for videotex.

Winchester A hard disc system allowing storage of large quantities of information.

Word processor An electronic aid to text creation, the word processor is replacing the typewriter in many offices.

8-bit A computer system with eight lines of communication to its memory.

16-bit A computer system with 16lines of communication to its memory.

32-bit A computer system with 32 lines of communication to its memory.

Bibliography

AUSUBEL, David P. Educational Psychology- A Cognitive View, Holt Rinehart & Winston; 1968

BERNBAUM, Gerald. Countesthorpe College- Case Studies of Educa­tional Innovation, CERIIOECD, Paris; 1973

BRUNER, Jerome. The Process of Education, Harvard University Press; 1960

BRUNER, Jerome. The Relevance of Education, W. W. Norton & Co.; 1971

HARGREAVES, D. H. The Challenge for The Comprehensive School­Culture, Curriculum and Community, Routledge & Keegan Paul; 1982

HARRIS, Alan (ed.). Curriculum Innovation, Open University; 1975 HILL, Winfred F. Learning - A Survey of Psychological Interpretations,

Chandler; 1963 JAMES, Charity. Young Lives at Stake, Collins; 1968 MEDNICK, Sarnoff A. Learning, Prentice-Hall; 1964 OPEN UNIVERSITY. Personality Growth and Learning, Longman; 1971 PAPERT, Seymour. Mindstorms, Harvester Press; 1980 POLY A, G. How to Solve It, Princeton University Press; 1971 POWELL, LenS. Communication and Learning, Pitman; 1969 RICHARDSON, Elizabeth. The Environment of Learning, Nelson; 1967 ROGERS, Carl. Client-Centred Therapy, Houghton Mifflin; 1965 TOFFLER, Alvin. Future Shock, Bodley Head; 1970 WALTON, Jack. Curriculum Organisation and Design, Ward Lock; 1971 WRIGHT, D. S. Introducing Psychology- An Experimental Approach,

Penguin; 1970

Index

8-bit 6, 12 16-bit 6, 162 32-bit 7 380Z 6,9, 103,154 480Z 6, 9, 154 6502 9, 117

AB Designs 21 ABC Wordprocessor 71 Abstracts 78 Acorn 6, 9, 134, 146 Acornsoft 24, 71, 116, 135 Acornsoft Logo 116 Acorn User 76, 116 Acoustic coupler 42 Active disc 15 Administration 142, 146 Adventures 138 AMXMouse 21 Amstrad PCW 166 'Anti-community' 90 Apricot 154 Artificial intelligence 51 Assessment, continuous 67 Assessment Objectives, GCSE 107 Assessment of programs 25 Atari 103, 154 Ausubel, David 82, 87 Authoring programs 24 Awareness 46, 48, 61, 125

Back-up 146 Bar-code reader 77 BASIC 24, 51, 73, 110 Baud rate 133 BBCB 6, 9 BBC Buggy 77, 114 BBC Master 6, 8, 134 Beasty 128 Bernbaum, Gerald 89 'Best solution' 85

Bibliographic database 78, 143 Bigtrak 128, 129 Binary 6 Blue folder software 36 Box of Treasure 24 BREAK key 42, 44 British Petroleum 16 British Telecom 140 Bruner, Jerome 83,86 Buffer box 38, 74, 97, 120 Buggy 73, 77,97

Cable TV 11, 16, 58, 136 CAIS 50 CAL 3,51, 73 Cassette storage 5 CBL 3, 50 Ceefax 133 Central distribution 57 CET 80 Classroom terminal 155 Clues 36,44 CobolllO core 139 College of St Mark and StJohn 25 ComalllO Commercial publishers 58 Commodore 6, 103 Commotion 73, 121, 128 Communications 10, 42, 132 Communite/12, 19,75 Community 64 Compact disc 14 Computer aided instruction 112 Computer awareness 37 Computer lab 55, 57 Computer-literacy 5, 69 Computer room 5, 57 Computer studies 48, 59, 61, 98, 103 Concept Keyboard 24,71 Constructional skills 78

194 The Future of the Microcomputer in Schools

Content 61 Content-free 24, 25, 53 Control BASIC 38 Control codes 73, 76 Control language 38, 73, 120 Control Logo 118 Copyright 14, 5, 176 Copyright Act, 1956 145 Course books 138 Courses 41, 49, 125 CP/M 10 Craft and design 79, 122 Curriculum change 55 Curriculum Development Committee, MEP

97 Curry, Chris 146

Database 10, 24, 28, 30, 39, 45, 50, 75 Data Protection Act 145, 147 Data Protection Registrar 145 Data storage 13 Dedicated database 28, 75 Department of Education 22 Department of Industry 5, 22, 36, 103, 165 Developmental stages 69 Dewey classification 74 DIALOG 27, 28 Didactic approach 43 Digital 15, 136 Dinosaur file 29 Disc 6,13 Dissemination of resources 68 Documentation 3, 36 Domesday Project 15, 16, 139 Dot-matrix printer 21 Download 10 Drill and practice 51 'Driving' a program 3

E&CT 50 East Midlands Regional Examinations

Board 107 ECCTIS 12, 139 Eco-fax 76 Econet 134, 135 Economatics 121 Edfax 12, 19, 75, 98 Educational standard 164, 174 Education Software Support Scheme 161 Elastic-band lines 21 Electronic blackboard 51 Electronic funds transfer 50

Electronic mail 11 Electronic publishing 172, 176 Eliza 26 Employers 63 Enthusiast syndrome 176 Envelopes 72 ERIC 78 ESCAPE key 44 Examinable knowledge 63 Examination records 153, 156 Examination results analysis 153 Experiences 63 'Experts' 36, 96 Expert systems 27, 28 Extensions 117 External examination 49 Eye-hand co-ordination 39

4-mation 24 40-track DISCS 13 Factfile 29, 45, 75 Faculties 66 Falling rolls 58 Feedback 38, 74, 77 Feeder schools 46 Fibre-optic cable 58, 136 File creation 44 File server 133 Filing system 13 'First-timers' 41 Fischer-Technic 38, 73, 121, 126 Flat bed plotter 21 Floor turtles 114 Floppy disc 14 Form 7 142, 153 Foundations 69, 77,86 Frame charge 11 'Future shock' 64, 101

Gagne 85 Gateways 11 GCSE Assessment Objectives 48 GIGO 61 Glentop 118 'Global village' 11 Golden age 33 Graph 24,39 Graphics 21, 24, 71, 72,73 Group use 44 Group work 65, 66, 89

Handwriting 39,40

Hangman 44 Hard disc 29 Hardware manufacturers 3, 175 Hardware provision 162 Hargreaves, David H. 64, 90 'Hidden curriculum' 91 Higher education 12 Higher-order rules 26, 85 High-level languages 110 High-resolution graphics 13 Histogram 39 HMI 59,61,174 Home organiser 96 Honeyfold Logo 118 Host system 76 Hutchinson 153

Individual use 45 Industry 5 Infant school 137 Information service 76, 177 Information systems 15, 27, 76 Information technology 1, 50,74 Infra-red barcode reader 77 Input lines 38 INSET 1, 35, 46, 53, 97, 98, 102, 158, 161,

165, 173, 177 Insight 85 Integrated system 99 Integration 61, 68, 99, 156 'Intelligent' software 25 'Intelligent' machines 25 Interactive

network 58, 133 programs 24, 138 video 15

Interface 38, 97, 120, 169 Interfacing projects 77 Introducing technology 68 ISIS 35,53,55, 161,174 IT course 50 IT co-ordinator 55, 68 ITMA 25

James, Charity 92 Jessop 114 Johnson, Keith 153 Joint Matriculation Board 106 Joysticks 71 Junior school 73, 138

Kewney, Guy 101

Keywords 78 Knowledge-based systems 15

Languages 24,80 Language laboratory 1, 59 Lap-held computer 57 LEGO 38, 73, 74 Library 74 Light Detection Kit 132 Light-sensitive diode 77 List processing 114, 116 Loading 13 Local area network 6, 50, 155

Index 195

Local education authorities 6, 41, 55, 68, 98, 140

Local viewdata 19, 30 Logic gates 79 LOGO 24, 38, 72, 73, 77, 98, 110, 112, 129 Logotron 98, 114 Longman 36, 44 Long-term future 164 Low-level languages 129

Mainframe 29, 103 Manpower Services Commission 22, 104 Mark-book utilities 155 Marshall MacLuhan 11 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 113 Materials 35 Medical expert system 27 Megabyte 13 MFA 79, 121, 126 Microelectronics 25, 49, 51, 79, 120, 121 Microelectronics Education Programme 4,

15,22,34,35,36,51,53,61, 73,97 Microelectronics Support Unit 58, 80, 98,

99, 161, 170, 173, 174 Micronet 800 75 Microprimer Pack 36 Microprocessor 7, 121 Micros in Schools 36 Microtechnology 35,49 Microtext 24 Microworlds 113 Midland Examining Group 107, 122 Mindstorms 57, 112 Modem 42, 133 Modes of application 43 Module 48 Monitoring 77 MOS (Machine Operating System) 10 Motor functions 39

196 The Future of the Microcomputer in Schools

Mouse 71 Multi-media school 57 Multi-tasking 7, 96 Music 24, 72,73 Music System 72

National computer 158 National Criteria 59, 107 National Interactive Video Centre 15, 16 Natural language 112 Network 57, 76, 167 Network stations 6 New College, Swindon 76 Newsroom Simulation 18 'New wave' software 20 Nimbus 6, 9 'Normality' concept 57 Nova-T 152

Objectives 35 Office packages 154 'Once-a-year' software 23 On-line communication 76 Operating system 10 Operating system commands 114 Option blocking 148, 153 OPTIONSIBLOCKFIT 148 Oracle 133 O'Shea, Tim 164 Output lines 38, 73 Oxford and Cambridge Schools 107

Papert, Seymour 57, 112 Parent-teacher organisations 5, 84 Pascal110 Personal Computer World 101 PET 103, 154 Picture processing 71 Piechart 39 Piracy 135, 146 Polya 84 Port 120 Preste110, 11, 17, 29, 42, 50, 75, 133, 139,

177 adaptor 10 education service 75

Primary school 33, 35, 137 Primary skills 137, 138 Printed circuit boards 80 Private information 155 'Problem-finding' 83 Problems of the micro 2

Problem-solving 37, 39, 48, 61, 65, 78, 82, 121

Processor 6 Programming 51, 109, 110 Projects 39 Prolog 110 Protection 146 Provision of micros 5 Public domain software 36 Publishing industry 172

QADMIN 153 QL7 QUESTD 153

Random access 28 Recursive approach 35,53 Recursive drawing routines 115 Regional computer 158 Regional information centres 98 Regional initiatives 58 Resistance to change 67 Resolution 14 RESOURCE 132, 161 Resource manager 58 RML 6, 9,103 Robot arm 73, 120 Robotics 51, 77, 120, 124 Robots 73 Robustness 44 Rogers, Carl 95 ROM 135 ROM-based packages 28, 135 Rotaview 12

Scattergram 39 Schoolfax 19, 76 School Link 75 Screen-dump 10, 11 Secondary sector 48, 78, 138 Second processor 9, 12,117,152 Security 135, 145, 169 Sequential database 78 Serial communications 132 Shell Centre 25 Simulations 20, 24, 51,73 Sinclair 6, 7 Skills 59, 63 Software buying 34 Software development 58 Software houses 33 Software manufacturers 3, 59, 175

Software plague 23 Software saturation 25 Software support 160 Southern Universities Joint Board 107 Special Education 98 Spectrum 6, 38, 103, 166 Spreadsheet 7, 30,50 Sprite graphics 116 Staffroom terminal 155 Stand-alone machines 166 Standing charge 11 Stepper motors 74 Strategies for integration 46 Strategy-free 24 String 73 Stock Control 143 Storage 13 System 148 System manager 157

Tandy 103 Tape 13 Teacher's needs 23 Tecmedia 97 Telecom Gold 42, 133, 143, 158, 159 Teletext 10, 50, 75

adaptor 10 editor 24

Telebanking 11 Teleshopping 11 Telesoftware 10, 12, 172 Text-checking 26 Textual processing 73 Three-tier system of use 169 Times Network for Schools 139, 156, 169,

171 Timetable Systems 152 Timetabling 147 Toffler, Alvin 101 Tools 25, 45, 49, 125, 172

Touch-typing 71 Toy syndrome 128 Trail-blazing 42 Tree system 76 Trialling 23

Index 197

'Triangular' communication 43, 65 T-squared 152 Turtle graphics 72, 112, 114 TVEI 104

Universities' Clearing House 139 University of Cambridge 105, 156 University of Oxford 106 User port 21 User-friendly 30

Valiant 114 VDU commands 114 VIC-20 103 Video disc 14, 15, 139 Video-Genie 103 Video tape 15 Videotex 17, 50 Viewdata 75, 133

Weather study 39 West Midlands Examination Board 107 Winchester 13 Women teachers 41 Word processor 7, 24, 25, 30, 39, 40, 50, 51,

57,66, 71, 73,79 Wordwise 135 Workshop 71

Yorke House Software 152

Z80 9,152 ZX80 103 ZX81 6, 103, 166