Use the train track method to work the following problems:
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Transcript of Use the train track method to work the following problems:
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Use the train track method to work the following problems:
1. How many eggs are in 17.5 dozens?
2. How many cases would 200 cokes occupy?
(1 case = 24 cokes)
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• ONLY WRITE DOWN UNDERLINED WORDS IN YOUR NOTES
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Words that represent numbers• Pair = 2
• Couple = 2
• Dozen = 12
• Baker’s dozen = 13
• Gross = 144
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Professions that have units• Baker – 1 dozen = 12 items
• Paper manufacturer – 1 ream = 500 sheets
• Farmer – 1 gross = 144 items
• Coca Cola distributor – 1 case = 24 items
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1 Mole (symbolized mol)= 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 or 6.02 X 1023 particlesor 6.02 E 23
aka: avogadro’s number
The Chemist’s unit…
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It’s a big number…One mole of marbles would cover the entire Earth (oceans included) for a depth of three miles.
One mole of basketballs would fill a bag the size of the earth.
One mole of pennies would cover the earth to a depth of 400 meters.
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It’s a big number…• A mole of coke
cans is enough to cover the surface of the earth to a depth of over 200 miles!
• If you connected paper clips at 1 million paper clips per second, it would take you 190 million centuries to finish stringing one mole of paper clips together!
Your paper clip chain of 1 mole of clips could circle the earth 400 trillion times!
What would happen if a mole of H2O molecules rushed into this room
right now?
Could you swim in them?
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• 1 mole of water is 18 mL of water…it’s hardly a puddle
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• Because particles are so small, moles are a very convenient unit to use in chemistry
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Lets talk ‘particles’Atom – anything on the periodic tableIon – anything that is chargedMolecule – name for a covalent compoundFormula Unit – name for an ionic compound
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What type of particle am I?
• CH4
• Copper(II) sulfate
• H2
• Au• Au+
• nitrite
• Molecule• Formula unit• Molecule• Atom• Ion• ion
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Molar Mass
• Is the mass of a mole• For elements, one mole equals the
atomic mass in grams• 1 mole C atoms = 12.011 grams• 1 mole Cu atoms = ?
• 1 mole of H2O molecules = ?
a.k.a•Molecular mass (MM) •Molecular weight (MW) •Formula mass (FM) •Formula weight (FW)•Gram formula mass (GFM) !!!!
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H2O• Let’s break it down• 1 mol of H = 1 g• How many do we have?• 2 mol of H = 2 X 1 g = 2 g• 1 mol of O = 16 g• Add ‘em up:
• Molar mass of water = 2 g + 16 g = 18 g
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Back to formulas…
Na2SO4
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Na2SO4• Name it!!!• Sodium sulfate• Calculate its gfm• 142.042 g/mol (did you get the units right?)• How many atoms of
sodium would I need to make one formula unit of sodium sulfate?
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Na2SO4
• How many atoms of sodium are needed to make one formula unit of sodium sulfate?
• 2
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Na2SO4
• How many dozens of sodium atoms are needed to make one dozen formula units of sodium sulfate?
• 2
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Na2SO4
• How many moles of sodium atoms are needed to make one mole of sodium sulfate?
• 2
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Creating mole-to-mole links using formulas
• 1 mole of Na2SO4 = 2 moles of Na
• 1 mole of Na2SO4 = 4 moles of O
• 1 mole of Na2SO4 = 1 mole of S
• 1 mole of Na2SO4 = 1 mole of SO42-
• 1 mole of Na2SO4 = 2 moles of Na+
• NOTE from now on: (number) (unit) (chemical)• Unit can be mass, mole, particle
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6.02E23 f.u.’s Na2SO4 = 1 mole Na2SO4
How many f.u.’s of sodium sulfate are in 1 mole of sodium sulfate?
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142.042 g Na2SO4 = 1 mole Na2SO4
How many grams of sodium sulfate are in 1 mole of sodium sulfate?
Rule: 1 always goes with the mole
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• Now we can use these as links in dimensional analysis.
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• How many formula units of sodium sulfate are in 10 moles of sodium sulfate?
• Start with the set-up we used for dimensional analysis:
Now finish the problem…you already wrote the next link down…
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A more interesting problem…• How many oxygen atoms are needed to make 7
moles of sodium sulfate?
• Start with the set-up we always use in dimensional analysis
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• NOTE: chemicals are not the same, so we use 3 step process:
• 1. find moles of given
• 2. make conversion factor to convert to moles of desired chemical
• 3. Find desired units
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1. Find moles of given
• We already have moles of sodium sulfate, so we’re done with this step
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2. Make conversion factor to convert to moles of desired chemical
• We have moles of sodium sulfate, we want moles of oxygen
• There are 4 moles of oxygen in 1 mole of sodium sulfate, so…
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3. Find desired units
• We have moles of oxygen, but we want atoms
• 1 mole of oxygen has 6.02E23 atoms of oxygen, so…
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Reminder
• What’s the link between mass and moles?– Molar mass
• What’s the link between particles and moles?– Avogadro’s number
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Another problem…• How many moles of sulfate ions are needed to make
3.1 grams of sodium sulfate?
• Work it! Ask your group if you need help.
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Reminder
• What’s the link between mass and moles?– Molar mass
• What’s the link between particles and moles?– Avogadro’s number
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Another problem…• How many grams of sodium are needed to make
1 x 1015 f.u.’s of sodium sulfate?
• Work it! Ask your group if you need help.
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Reminder
• What’s the link between mass and moles?– Molar mass
• What’s the link between particles and moles?– Avogadro’s number