Use of Micro ControllersLesson 4

What is a Micro controller

•A microcontroller is a chip designed to perform some operations according to given instructions

How micro controller works?Workbook activity 4.1

Components of a micro controller

1. CPU – This processes data into information

2. Memory

There are two types

i. Volatile memory – get erased when there is no electricity

ii. Non volatile memory – does not get erased even if there is no electricity

3. System clock – synchronizes all devices

4. Peripheral devices - A peripheral is a part of a microcontroller that interfaces

with the outside world.

Use of Microcontrollers

• Washing machine

• Microwave oven

• Solar sensor light

There are some micro controller based kits

1. Micro:bit

2. Arduino

3. Raspberry pi

Micro bit

Front view

Rear view

Arduino

Few Arduino board types are shown below

Out of the above Arduino boards we use the Arduino Uno board for the activities in the unit

Other peripherals connected to micro controllers1. Bread board

• 2. Light emitting Diode (LED)

LED emits light when electricity passes through it.In a diode electricity travels in only one direction

3. Sensors

i. Passive Infrared Sensor (PIR Sensor)

ii. Ultrasonic sensor