WHAT ARE A.V AIDS???

According to Kinder : “Audio visual aids are any device which can be used to make the learning more effective, more concrete, more realistic and more dynamic”. The most frequently used visual aids are people, pictures, cartoons, graphics, maps, the printed word, and three-dimensional models. Audio – Visual Aids are those sensory objects or images which initiate or stimulate and reinforce learning. (Burton) Visual aids are any instructional device that can be seen. But not heard. Audio aids are any instructional device that can be heard but not seen.

The basis of all learning is experience. The best way for effective learning is to provide first hand experience like showing real objects, e.g., chair, table, boy, apple, banana, etc. But you cannot being all the real things in to the classroom. To make these experiences near reality, we need the help of visual aids like flash-cards, charts, diagrams, maps, the globe, pictures, sounds, speeches etc.

OBJECTIVES OF USING AUDIOVISUAL AIDS

1. To increase the effectiveness of the presentation 2. To hold the attention span of the learner for the duration

of instruction.3. To save time. 4. To make learning experiences last longer.5. Audio-Visual Aids as a Means of Communication

BENEFITS OF USING A.V AIDS

1. They help your audience understand your ideas.2. They help the audience follow your argument, your “train” of thought.3. In both oral and written presentations readers/listeners must perceive

the pattern of organization to comprehend effectively. 4. They make your presentation more memorable and thus increase the

chances that what you said will be remembered.

Examples of A.V Aids

OHP SLIDES FILM STRIPS FILMS LCD HANDOUTS CHALKBOARDS CHARTS(or graphs) FLIP CHARTS

Audio-Visual Aids

The common types of audible aids are the spoken word, recognizable sound effects, and music. The most frequently used visual aids are people, pictures, cartoons, graphics, maps, the printed word, and three-dimensional models.

Audio-visual materials can be divided into those which present the aids in their original form, and those which reproduce the original form.

Visual Aid Display Equipment

1. Animation:  Movement may be given to different types of visual aids. The materials necessary to do so fall in this section, but since they are usually improvised they cannot be specifically defined. Examples are given later in this report.

2. Blackboard: Still the standard piece of visual equipment in our school systems. Black or other colored slate or composition board, or a specially painted surface which will "take" erasable white or colored chalk.

3. Bulletin Board: Flat board of cork, composition or other wood or material to which visual aids may be attached with pins, tacks or staples.

4. Feltboard: Any stiff, flat board covered with wool, felt or flannel. A variety of visual aids, usually cutouts of objects or strips of cardboard lettered with key words, can be stacked to the board.

5. Flash Cards: A series of stiff cards, usually small enough to be held in the hands, each of which is imprinted with one or more key words. They are used primarily in language training, testing, or to emphasize key words or actions.

6. Flip Charts : A series of visual aids on flexible paper, fastened together at the top and mounted on a frame in such a manner that they can be flipped or folded back. The frame usually resembles a football goal post, with the charts fastened to the crosspiece.

7. Model or Mock-up: A three-dimensional dummy, usually made to a small scale, which may or may not have working parts. The finished model is a visual aid. We are concerned here with construction materials.

8. Pointer Any long, thin strip of material, such as a stick, ruler, etc., which may be used to indicate parts of the visual aid being

emphasized. One new model contains a battery-powered flash light, with a beam shaped like a small arrow. The pointer can be used to indicate a portion of a slide, projected in a darkened room, without having the pointer's shadow fall on the screen.

9. Overhead Projector: Equipment which will project the image contained on transparent slides up to 10" X 10". Each transparency must be positioned on the projector by hand. The word "overhead" is taken from the design of the equipment, which actually projects the image to a mirror held above the transparency, which in turn reflects it over the head of the speaker to the viewing surface.

10. Slide Projector: Equipment which will project the image contained on a small transparent slide, usually 35 mm. (2" x 2" when framed). Many of these projectors are equipped with magazines to hold a large number of slides, and operation can be either manual or automatic.

11. Film Strips: The filmstrip, either silent or with sound, offers an exciting opportunity for the imaginative planning agency. A small library of filmstrips can be prepared by the agency itself to serve its own peculiar needs. The advantage of film strips is that presentations are more lively, informative and interesting.

12. Tape Recorder: The tape recorder has two functions in the operation of an A-V program: to rehearse a presentation; and to record "live" interviews.

13. Pictures: Usually consists of photographs or drawings for sending the message emphatically and for sustaining the interest of the audience. The picture must be large enough in size so that everyone in the presentation room can view it.

14. Films: Films are immensely popular for their pictorial impression an enhance the final impact on the audience.

15. Graphs: To understand the decline and rise and numbers and facts and figures, the use of graphs makes it more convenient for the audience. The scale used should exhibit the details precisely. Graphs are commonly used to present volumes, proportions, ratios and relationships. Ex: Line graphs, Bar graphs etcThey can be used gainfully in presenting historical or time series data

16. Tables: A systematic arrangement of statistical data, it helps in condensing the large statistics in to easy tabulated format and thereby easy retention for the audience.

17. Charts: Charts constitute yet another popular mode of visual communication in business. Charts can be used effectively to depict

organizational structure, decision-making process, production process, flow of information, etc.

18. Maps: Maps are used to show geographical positions and locational relationships. Maps help in showing distances and locations. Ex: Maps showing total training institutes in the particular region

19. Diagrams: Diagrams and drawings are generally used to show how a product works, or how to use a gadget. A diagram may describe a product, a concept or a process. Diagrams and drawings are often used in technical literature, product manuals, do-it-yourself kits

20. Cartoons: Cartoons are funny simple drawing showing the features of its subjects in an funny humorous ways. Cartoons can depict the attitude of the society, current happenings, or issues. Humor is a great help when it helps to make a point. Unrelated jokes or funny stories do not make a presentation great.