Use of a Token Economy to Increase Running on Command of a Child with Down Syndrome.
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Transcript of Use of a Token Economy to Increase Running on Command of a Child with Down Syndrome.
![Page 1: Use of a Token Economy to Increase Running on Command of a Child with Down Syndrome.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649f4f5503460f94c70b0f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Use of a Token Economy to Increase Running on Command of a Child with Down Syndrome
![Page 2: Use of a Token Economy to Increase Running on Command of a Child with Down Syndrome.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649f4f5503460f94c70b0f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Introduction• Children with Down syndrome (DS) at an
increased risk for behavioral issues (McConnell, 1992).
• Because of these underlying biophysical issues, a behavior plan should be implemented
• Token economy are a delayed method if reinforcement, receiving a token after a successful performance and exchanging for a “reinforcer” later (Lavay, 2006).
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Introduction Cont. • Use of the token economy reverses maladapted
behaviors and results in impressive (positive) changes (Guevremont, 2010).
• Purpose: determine the effectiveness of a token economy to increase running on command of a child with Down syndrome
• Question is… Will a token economy be effective in increasing the running of a child with DS?
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Data Collection• Student is 10 yr. old female
– Active student– Loves Pippy Long Stocking,
Barbie, & computer time• 20 min. adapted PE once a
week• 5 week token economy system
once a week during APE• Followed an “AB” design• Each week student could
receive up to 5 tokens to earn up to 5 min. computer time
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Results• 5 weeks– Everything was
completed when asked except for following directions
– Ex. Running not when asked, sliding on the floor, etc.
– Increase in behavior of 80%
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Results Cont. • 9/30-10/14: Baseline
data points collected– Each day there were
2 data points collected
• 10/21-11/18: With intervention. – Each date there
were 3 data points collected
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Discussion• Research states that the token economy has been proven successful in
education based goals such as arithmetic and language (Dalton, 1973). • So, the question is will it be effective to increase running (or physical
activity)– Answer is Yes– 80% increase in behavior– 100% increase in the amount of running– Still some minor behavioral issues
• Token economies would be effective in PE settings because they are known to: decrease problem behaviors, improve skill acquisition, & increase other appropriate physical activity behaviors (Alstot, 2012).
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References• Alstot, A.E. (2012). Implications for the Use of Token Economies in Physical
Education: A Literature Review. PHEnex, 4(1). Retrieved from http://ojs.acadiau.ca/index.php/phenex/article/view/1449.
• Dalton, A.J., Hislop, M.W., & Rubino, C.A. (1973). Some Effects of Token Rewards on School Achievement of Children with Down’s Syndrome. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 6(02), 251-259.
• French, R., Henderson, H.L., & Lavay, B.W. (2006). Positive Behavior Management in Physical Activity Settings 2nd Edition. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
• Guevremont, D.C., & Spiegler, M.S. (2010). Contemporary Behavior Therapy 5th Edition. Wadsworth, CA: Cengage Learning.
• McConnell, S.R. & Strain, P.S. (1992). Behaviorism in Early Intervention. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 12(01), 121.