Usability and Human Factors Unit 4a Human Factors and Healthcare.

Usability and Human Factors

Unit 4aHuman Factors and

Healthcare

Overview

• Introduction to human factors principles• Applied cognitive psychology/selective

attention• Patient safety• Understanding human errors• A Systems-centered approach to human

errors• Mental workload• Medical devices

Component 15/Unit 4aHealth IT Workforce Curriculum

Version 1.0/Fall 20102

Human Factors & Health Care

Health Devices Electronic Health Record Systems


Version 1.0/Fall 20103Component 15/Unit 4 3

Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 1.0/Fall 2010

Human Factors and HCI Redux



History of Human Factors

Component 15/Unit 4a 6Health IT Workforce Curriculum


Why is Human Factors Increasingly Important

• Diversity of user groups

• Complexity of systems

• Increased use of technology

• Increased “costs” of human error

• Societal emphasis on well-being and quality of life



Human Factors Objective



Examples of Application Areas

• Military• Highway systems

– e.g. readability and comprehensibility of signs• Automobile design and driver behavior• Human-computer systems• Healthcare and patient safety• Aging and accessibility• Nuclear power• Workplace layout and furnishings• Airline industry

– e.g. pilot workload, aircraft design, automation, aircraft maintenance

• Quality control



Nuclear Power Plant Control Room



Airplane Cockpit



Human Factors in Medicine

• Infusion pumps

• Anesthesia equipment

• Medication errors

• Effects of fatigue on resident’s performance

• Judgmental limitations in medical decision making

• Inadequate infection control

• Unintended consequences of automation



Human Factors/Ergonomics (Carayon, 2007)

• Scientific discipline concerned with the understanding interactions– Among humans– Other elements of a system

• Profession that applies theory, principles, data, methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance

• System can be a technology, device, person, team, organization, policy, guideline or physical environment



Human Factors Ergonomics:3 Major Domains



Physical Ergonomics



Organizational Ergonomics



Cognitive Ergonomics



Human Factors & Applied Cognitive Psychology

• Applies knowledge about human strengths and limitations to design of interactive systems, equipment, and their environment to ensure their effectiveness, safety, and ease of use

• Perception, attention, memory, mental models and decision making are central to human factors research and analysis



Human Attention



Selective Attention



Information Overload



Selective Attention



Divided Attention or Time Sharing

• Time-sharing: – ability to perform more than one cognitive task by

attending to both at once or rapidly switching back and forth between them

• Because cognitive resources for attention are relatively limited, time-sharing often results in a drop in performance for one or both tasks

• People can also “modulate” the resources given to one task or the other



Human Factors Design Implications

• Reduce the number of competing channels of information

• Make sources of information as distinct as possible

• Provide feedback

• Use redundant cues

• Work/rest scheduling

• Training



Usability and Human Factors Unit 4a Human Factors and Healthcare.

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Transcript of Usability and Human Factors Unit 4a Human Factors and Healthcare.