U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

The New Government

•First Presidential elections – January 1789•First Congress of electors - March 4 in NYC

George Washington was elected unanimously to be President; John Adams chosen to be Vice-President

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

The New Government

•Early Tasks:1. Bill of Rights

2. Federal Judiciary Act (September 1789)3. Financing the new government – Bank of the U.S.

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

The New Government

•Growth of Political PartiesFederalists

Anti-federalists (Republican, Democrat-Republicans)

Controversies over Foreign Policy – Fostered Party Growth

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

The New Government

The Presidents (1789-1825)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FSOE537LE4c

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

The New Government

•Washington’s Administration – Federalist

The president organizes the government, establishes the cabinet, and holds regular meetings

Was pressed into a second administration

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Washington’s 2nd AdministrationWar between Britain and France

Neutrality Proclamation – April 22, 1793

Washington declared that the U.S. would remain neutral with regard to the war between Britain and France; warned U.S. citizens to abstain

from hostile acts toward either side.

U.S./French Treaty officially made the U.S. and ally of France

Neutrality Act (1794) – U.S. citizen could not enlist in a foreign military

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Washington’s 2nd AdministrationWar between Britain and France

Genet Affair French Minister Edmund Charles Genet arrived in the U.S. and began seeking private support for the

French cause; commissioned four privateers to prey on British vessels - violated the treaty between U.S.

and France and the neutrality order

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Washington’s 2nd Administration

11th Amendment – March 5, 1794; ratified 1798

Resulted from Chisholm vs. Georgia – two citizens from SC sued the state of Georgia

Amendment secured that a citizen of a state cannot sue another state

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Washington’s 2nd Administration

Jay’s Treaty

British remained in Northwestern forts – antagonized western settlements (aiding Indian insurrections); A major source of revenue was

British imports/exports

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Washington’s 2nd Administration

Jay’s Treaty

• British promised to withdraw by June 1796•British agreed to permit U.S. trade in West Indies as

long as they did not trade in molasses, sugar, and cotton•Settled pre-war debts, Northwest boundary disputes,

and illegal maritime seizures by the British

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Washington’s 2nd Administration

Jay’s Treaty

Despite opposition, Washington forced the treaty through, avoiding war with Britian

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Washington’s 2nd Administration

Treaty of San Lorenzo / Pinckney’s Treaty

Fearing that the U.S. was becoming a peaceful ally with Britain, Spain sought to reduce tensions with the

U.S.

Southern boundaries/free trade on the Mississippi

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Washington’s 2nd Administration

Washington’s Farewell Address

•Would not run for a 3rd term – setting precedent•Warned of the dangers of the party system and

partisan bitterness; warned of permanent foreign entanglements

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Practice Test Chapter 10

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Practice Test Chap. 10(For those not in class, here are the answers to for True/False and Multiple Choice)

Part A1. T2. F3. T4. T5. T6. F7. T8. F9. F10. F11. T12. F13. T14. F15. F

Part B1. b2. a3. d4. c5. c6. b7. a8. a9. b10. a11. b12. b13. a14. c15. d

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Election of 1796

Federalists nominate John AdamsRepublicans (Anti-Federalists) nominate Thomas

Jefferson

Results: Adams, 71 Votes; Jefferson 68 VotesA divided Executive Branch

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Problems with FranceFrance is angry over the treaty with Britain – began

seizing U.S. ships

Adams sends Charles Pinckney (U.S. Minister to France), John Marshall (Federalist), and Elbridge

Gerry (Republican Gov. of Massachusetts) to secure treaty with France

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Problems with FranceFrance is angry over the treaty with Britain – began

seizing U.S. ships

Adams sends Charles Pinckney (U.S. Minister to France), John Marshall (Federalist), and Elbridge

Gerry (Republican Gov. of Massachusetts) to secure treaty with France

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Problems with France

XYZ AffairFederalist/Anti-Federalist split over the issue

Undeclared Naval War with France – 1798-1800Department of the Navy

Congress terminates treaty with FranceThe Treaty of Morfontaine

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Domestic Issues Under Adams

Alien and Sedition Acts – 1798Naturalization Act

Alien ActSedition Act

Alien Enemies Act

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Domestic Issues Under Adams

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions – Failed to garner support

Compact Theory of the Constitution – where the national government exercised powers not specifically delegated

to it, each state has an equal right to judge for itself** States can declare federal acts unconstitutional

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Election of 1800 – Revolution of 1800

Adams is nominated by Federalists (Pinckney, Vice-President)

Republicans nominate Jefferson and Aaron Burr

Jefferson and Burr receive 73 votes; Adams 65; Pinckney 64

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Election of 1800 – Revolution of 1800

According to the constitution, in a tie, the House of Representatives will decide – after 35 ballots, the

House remained tied

The Federalists backed Burr, but Jefferson agreed to keep the Navy and keep Federalists in lower

government positions

U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14

Election of 1800 – Revolution of 1800

Jefferson is eventually elected, and Burr becomes Vice-President

Revolution – the opposition party wins; although presidential election is close, Republicans overwhelmingly

take Congress

Leads to the passing of the 12th Amendment - 1804