US History to 1877

5th Grade

CVV

1st 9 WeeksCreated by Cathy Vanvalzah

Continents are large land masses surrounded by

water.

Geography Skills

US1.2a

What are the seven continents?

North America

South America

Europe

Africa

Antarctica

Asia

Australia

US1.2a

Europe is considered a continent even though

it is not entirely surrounded by water.

The land mass is frequently called Eurasia.

US1.2a

Geographic regions of North America

Coastal Plain

• Located along the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico

• Broad lowland providing many excellent harbors

US1.2b

Geographic regions of North AmericaAppalachian

Highlands• Located west of

Coastal Plain extending from eastern Canada to western Alabama; includes the Piedmont

• Old, eroded mountains (oldest mountain range in North America)

US1.2b

Canadian Shield• Wrapped around

Hudson Bay in a horseshoe shape

• Hills worn by erosion and hundreds of lakes carved by glaciers

• Holds some of the oldest rock formations in North America

Geographic regions of North America

US1.2b

Geographic regions of North America

Interior Lowlands• Located west of

the Appalachian Mountains and east of the Great Plains

• Rolling flatlands with many rivers, broad river valleys, and grassy hills

US1.2b

Geographic regions of North America

Great Plains• Located west of

Interior Lowlands and east of the Rocky Mountains

• Flat land that gradually increases in elevation westward; grasslands

US1.2b

Geographic regions of North America

Rocky Mountains• Located west of the

Great Plains and east of the Basin and Range

• Rugged mountains stretching from Alaska almost to Mexico; high elevations

• Contains the Continental Divide, which determines the directional flow of rivers

US1.2b

Geographic regions of North America

Basin and Range• Located west of

Rocky Mountains and east of the Sierra Nevadas and the Cascades

• Area of varying elevations containing isolated mountain ranges and Death Valley, the lowest point in North America

US1.2b

Geographic regions of North America

Coastal Range• Rugged

mountains along the Pacific Coast that stretch from California to Canada

• Contains fertile valleys

US1.2b

Major bodies of water in the United States

US1.2c

Pacific Atlantic • The Pacific Ocean was

an early exploration route.• The Atlantic Ocean served as the highway for explorers, early settlers, and later immigrants.

Oceans

Major bodies of water in the United States

Lakes

Great Lakes

• Inland port cities grew in the Midwest along the Great Lakes.

US1.2c

Major bodies of water in the United States

Gulf

Gulf of Mexico

• provided the French

and Spanish with

exploration routes to

Mexico and other

parts of America

US1.2c

Major bodies of water in the United States

Rivers

Colorado River

• was explored by the Spanish

US1.2c

What are some ways bodies of water in the United States have supported interaction and created links to other regions?

TradeTransportationSettlement

1.2.3.

US1.2c

Trade, transportation, and settlement

• were the transportation arteries for farm and industrial products

The Missouri andMississippi Rivers

US1.2c

Trade, transportation, and settlement

The Ohio River

• was the gateway

to the west.

US1.2c

Trade, transportation, and settlement

• was explored by Lewis and Clark.

The ColumbiaRiver

US1.2c

Trade, transportation, and settlement

• forms the border with Mexico.

The Rio Grande River

US1.2c

Test Your Knowledge

Identify the shaded land mass on the map.

A. Europe B. South America C. Africa D. Asia

USI.2a

The map shows the continent of –

A. Antarctica B. Australia C. North America D. South America

USI.2b

Which geographic region is located west of the

Rocky Mountains, east of the Sierra Nevada’s

and the Cascades, and contains Death Valley?

A. Basin and Range

B. Great Plains

C. Coastal Range

D. Interior Lowlands

USI.2b

The Continental Divide, which determines the directional flow of rivers, is located in which geographic region?

A. Coastal Range B. Rocky Mountains C. Basin and Range D. Appalachian Highlands

USI.2b

Which geographic region is located along the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico and has broad lowland providing many excellent harbors?

A. Coastal Plain B. Coastal Range C. Basin and Range D. Great Plains

USI.2b

Which body of water served as a highway for explorers, early settlers and later immigrants?

A. Gulf of Mexico B. Pacific Ocean C. Great Lakes D. Atlantic Ocean

USI.2c

Which is the BEST title for the graphic?

A. Bodies of water B. Land masses C. Islands D. Deserts

USI.2c

Inland port cities grew up in the Midwest along the –

A. Colorado River B. Gulf of Mexico C. Columbia River D. Great Lakes

USI.2c

Which river was explored by the Spanish and is number 2 on the map?

A. Columbia River B. Colorado River C. Mississippi River D. Ohio River

USI.2c

In which areas of North America

did the American Indians (First Americans) live?

USI.3a

?

Inuit (Eskimo) Indians

• Inuit inhabited present-day Alaska and northern Canada.

• They lived in Arctic areas where the temperature is below freezing much of the year.

USI.3a

Kwakiutl

• Kwakiutl inhabited the Pacific Northwest coast, characterized by a rainy, mild climate.

USI.3a

Sioux

• Sioux inhabited the interior of the United States, called the Great Plains and characterized by dry grasslands.

USI.3a

Pueblo

• Pueblo inhabited the Southwest in present-day New Mexico and Arizona, where they lived in desert areas and areas bordering cliffs and mountains.

USI.3a

Iroquois

• Iroquois inhabited northeast North America, the Eastern Woodland, which is heavily forested.

Iroquois

USI.3a

How did geography and climate affect the way

American Indian groups met their basic needs?

+ =

• The American Indians (First Americans) fished, hunted, and harvested crops for food.

• Clothing was made from animal skins and plants.

USI.3b

Food and Clothing

• Their shelter was made of resources found in their environment (e.g., sod, stones, animal skins, wood).

USI.3b

Shelter

Test Your Knowledge

Which American Indians (First Americans) inhabited the Pacific Northwest Coast, characterized by a rainy, mild climate?

A. Inuit B. Pueblo C. Kwakiutl D. Iroquois

USI.3a

The area labeled number 3 on the map was inhabited by the –

A. Inuit B. Sioux C. Pueblo D. Iroquois

USI.3a

Which American Indian (First American) tribe lived in the area described?

A. Sioux B. Pueblo C. Inuit D. Kwakiutl

USI.3b

Major European countries were in competition to extend their power into North America and claim the land as their own.

USI.4a

Motivating forces for exploration

• Economic—Gold, natural resources, and trade

• Religious—Spread of Christianity

• Competitions for empire and belief in superiority of own culture

USI.4a

Obstacles to exploration

• Poor maps and navigational tools

• Disease/starvation

• Fear of unknown

• Lack of adequate supplies

USI.4a

Accomplishments of exploration

• Exchanged goods and ideas

• Improved navigational tools and ships

• Claimed territories

USI.4a

Regions of North America explored by Spain, France, and England

• Francisco Coronado claimed southwest United States for Spain.

USI.4a

Regions explored by Spain

Regions explored by France

• Samuel de Champlain established the French settlement of Quebec.

USI.4a

• Robert La Salle claimed the

Mississippi River Valley.

Regions explored by England

• John Cabot explored eastern Canada.

USI.4a

Regions explored by Portugal

• The Portuguese made voyages of discovery along West Africa.

USI.4a

Cultural Interactionwith the

New World

EnglandFranceSpain

Spanish--Cultural interaction

• Conquered and enslaved American Indians (First Americans)

• Brought Christianity to the New World

• Brought European diseases

USI.4b

French---Cultural interaction

• Established trading posts

• Spread Christian religionUSI.4b

English--Cultural interaction

• Established settlements and claimed ownership of land

• Learned farming techniques from American Indians (First Americans)

• TradedUSI.4b

Jamestown

Areas of cooperation

• Technologies (transportation of weapons and farm tools)

• Trade

• Crops

USI.4b

Areas of conflict

• Land

• Competition for trade

• Differences in cultures

• Disease

• Language difference USI.4b

How did West African empires impact

European trade?

• Ghana, Mali, and Songhai became powerful by controlling trade in West Africa.

• The Portuguese carried goods from Europe to West African empires, trading metals, cloth, and other manufactured goods for gold.

USI.4c

Why did Europeans establish colonies in

North America?

• Roanoke Island (Lost Colony) was established as an economic venture.

• The first permanent English settlement in North America (1607), Jamestown Settlement, was an economic venture by the Virginia Company.

USI.5a

Jamestown

Roanoke Island

• Plymouth colony was settled by separatists from the Church of England who wanted to avoid religious persecution.

• Massachusetts Bay Colony was settled by the Puritans for the same reasons.

USI.5a

• Pennsylvania was settled by the Quakers, who wanted to have freedom to practice their faith without interference.

USI.5a

• Georgia was settled by people who had been in debtor’s prisons in England.

• They hoped to experience a new life in the colony and to experience economic freedom in the New World.

USI.5a

Interactions of people and the environment in

Colonial America.

USI.5b

New England

Geography and climate

• Appalachian Mountains, Boston harbor,

hilly terrain, rocky soil, jagged coastline• Moderate summers, cold winters

Economy • Fishing, shipbuilding industry and naval

supplies, trade and port cities• Skilled craftsmen, shopkeepers

Social life • Village and church as center of life• Religious reformers and separatists

Political and civic life

• Town meetings

USI.5b

Mid-Atlantic

Geography and climate

• Appalachian Mountains, coastal

lowlands (harbors and bays, wide and

deep rivers), rich farmlands• Moderate climate

Economy • Livestock and grain, trading• Unskilled and skilled workers and

fishermen

Social life • Villages and cities• Varied and diverse lifestyles• Diverse religions

Political and civic life

• Market townsUSI.5b

South

Geography and climate

• Appalachian Mountains, Piedmont,

Atlantic Coastal Plain, good harbors,

rivers

• Humid climate

Economy • Large farms/plantations, cash crops,

wood products, small farms

• Slavery

Social life • Plantations (slavery), mansions,

indentured servants, few cities, few

schools

• Church of England

Political and civic life

• Counties USI.5b

How did people’s lives vary among different

social groups in colonial America?

• Lived predominately in the South• Relied on indentured servants and/or

slaves for labor• Were educated in some cases• Had rich social culture

USI.5c

Large landowners

• Worked the land according to the region

• Relied on family members for labor

USI.5c

Farmers

• Worked as craftsmen in towns and on the plantation

• Lived in small villages and citiesUSI.5c

SilversmithShoemaker

Artisans

• Worked as caretakers, house-workers, homemakers

• Could not vote

• Had few chances for an educationUSI.5c

Women

• Consisted of men and women who did not have money for passage to the colonies and who agreed to work without pay for the person who paid for their passage

• Were free at the end of their contractUSI.5c

Indentured servants

• Were captured in their native Africa and sold to slave traders, then were shipped to the colonies where they were sold into slavery

• Were owned as property for life with no rights

• Were often born into slavery (Children of slaves were born into slavery.)

USI.5c

Slaves

How did England impose its political and economic control over

the colonies?

• England imposed strict control over trade.

• England taxed the colonies after the French and Indian War.

• Colonies traded raw materials for goods.

USI.5d

Economic relationships

• Colonists had to obey English laws that were enforced by governors.

• Colonial governors were appointed by the king or by the proprietor.

• Colonial legislatures made laws for each colony and were monitored by colonial governors.

USI.5d

Political relationships

Test Your Knowledge

Which completes the diagram?

A. Technology-new weapons B. Economic-gold, natural resources, trade C. Maps-poor quality D. Labor-Enslave American Indians

USI.4a

What title BEST fits the diagram?

A. Obstacles to Exploration B. Effects of the American Revolution C. Accomplishments of Exploration D. Areas of Cooperation in the Colonies

USI.4a

Which European explorer is NOT correctly matched with his area of exploration?

A. John Cabot – Eastern Canada for England B. Francisco Coronado – Southwest United States for Spain C. Samuel de Champlain – Quebec for France D. Robert LaSalle – Great Lakes for Portugal

USI.4a

Which European explorers conquered and enslaved American Indians (First Americans) and brought Christianity and European diseases?

A. Spanish B. French C. English D. Portuguese

USI.4b

Portugal traded metals, cloth, and other manufactured goods with Ghana, Mali, and Songhai for –

A. spices B. gold C. ships D. diamonds

USI.4c

Which colony is NOT correctly matched with the reason it was settled?

A. Georgia – settled by separatists to avoid religious persecution B. Pennsylvania – settled by Quakers for religious freedom C. Jamestown – settled as an economic venture by the Virginia Company D. Plymouth – settled by separatists from the Church of England

USI.5a

The first permanent English settlement in North America was –

A. Pennsylvania B. Georgia C. Plymouth D. Jamestown

USI.5a

What geographic feature was found in the New England, Mid-Atlantic, and Southern colonies?

A. Piedmont B. Appalachian Mountains C. Boston Harbor D. Coastal Plain

USI.5b

The economy of the New England colonies was BEST known for –

A. livestock and grain B. large plantations C. fishing, shipbuilding, and naval supplies D. wood products and cash crops

USI.5b

Which title BEST completes the diagram?

A. Slave B. Homemaker C. Artisan D. Indentured servant

USI.5c

A woman in colonial America would –

A. vote in an election B. hold a political office C. be a care taker and house worker D. have a college education

USI.5c

To establish economic control over the colonies England did all of the following EXCEPT –

A. placed strict control over trade B. taxed the colonies C. traded goods for raw materials D. provided raw materials for the colonies

USI.5d

The list BEST describes –

A. England allowing the colonists to govern themselves B. England imposing strict political control over the colonies C. the colonists learning how to govern themselves D. the colonists practicing economic independence

USI.5d

US History to 1877

5th Grade

CVV

2nd 9 Weeks Created by Cathy Van Valzah

As England expanded control over the American colonies, many colonists became dissatisfied and rebellious.

USI.6a

England’s reasons for control

• England desired to remain a world power.

• England imposed taxes, such as the Stamp Act, to raise necessary revenue to pay the cost of the French and Indian War. USI.6a

$ $ $ $

England’s reasons for taxation

• To help finance the French and Indian War

• To help with the maintaining of English troops in the colonies

USI.6a

French and Indian War

Sources of colonial dissatisfaction

• Colonies had no representation in Parliament.

• Some colonists resented power of colonial governors.

• England wanted strict control over colonial legislatures.

USI.6a

No taxation

without

representation!

Sources of colonial dissatisfaction

• Colonies opposed taxes.

• The Proclamation of l763 hampered the western movement of settlers.

USI.6a

Taxes

Test Your Knowledge

As England expanded control over the American colonies, many colonists resented the power of colonial –

A. governors B. legislaturesC. landowners D. proprietors

USI.6a

Why did the colonists oppose the Proclamation of 1763?

A. It encouraged colonists to move south to Florida.

B. It limited immigration from Europe.

C. It did not allow colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains.

D. It did not allow colonists to cross the Mississippi River.

USI.6a

New political ideas led to a desire for independence and democratic government in the American colonies.

USI.6b

Ideas of John Locke

• People have natural rights to life, liberty, and property.

• Government is created to protect the rights of people and has only the limited and specific powers the people consent to give it.

USI.6b

Key philosophies in the Declaration of Independence

• People have “certain unalienable rights” (rights that cannot be taken away)—life, liberty, pursuit of happiness.

• People establish government to protect those rights.

• Government derives power from the people.• People have a right and a duty to change a

government that violates their rights.

USI.6b

Test Your Knowledge

Who is the author of this political idea?

A. Thomas Jefferson B. Thomas Paine C. John Locke D. John Adams

USI.6b

Which of the following is a key idea in the Declaration of Independence?

A. People have a right and duty to change a government when it violates their rights.

B. People do not have to obey the law.

C. The government can take away people’s rights without their consent.

D. The government is the source of all power to rule.

USI.6b

Many individuals played important roles in shaping events of the American Revolution.

USI.6c USI.6c

Key individuals from England

USI.6c

King George III

British general who surrendered at Yorktown

British king during the Revolutionary Era

King George III:

Lord Cornwallis:

Key individuals from the Colonies

Championed the cause of independenceUSI.6c

“Thomas, will you write theDeclaration of Independence?”

John Adams:

Key individuals from the Colonies

Commander of the Continental Army

"Nothing short of independence, it appears to me, can possibly do. A peace on other terms would..... be a peace of war."

George Washington 1778

USI.6c

George Washington:

Key individuals from the Colonies

Major author of the Declaration ofIndependence

USI.6c

Franklin, Adams, and Jefferson

Thomas Jefferson:

Key individuals from the Colonies

Outspoken member of House of Burgesses;

inspired colonial patriotism with “Give me

liberty or give me death” speech.USI.6c

Patrick Henry:

Key individuals from the Colonies

Prominent member of Continental

Congress; helped frame the Declaration

of IndependenceUSI.6c

Franklin, Adams, and Jefferson

Benjamin Franklin:

Key individuals from the Colonies

Journalist, author of Common SenseUSI.6c

The document denounced British rule.

Thomas Paine:

Other important individuals

A former slave who wrote poems and plays

supporting American independenceUSI.6c

Phillis Wheatley:

Other important individuals

Patriot who made a daring ride to warn

colonists of British arrivalUSI.6c

"One if by land two if by sea."

Paul Revere, on his Midnight Ride, 1775

Paul Revere:

Key events and the roles of key individuals in

the American Revolution

USI.6c

Key Events—American Revolution

• Boston Massacre: Colonists in Boston were shot after taunting British soldiers.

• Boston Tea Party: Samuel Adams and Paul Revere led patriots in throwing tea into Boston Harbor to protest tea taxes.

USI.6c

Key Events—American Revolution

• First Continental Congress: Delegates from all colonies except Georgia met to discuss problems with England and to promote independence.

• Battle of Lexington and Concord: This was the site of the first armed conflict of the Revolutionary War. USI.6c

Key Events—American Revolution

• Approval of the Declaration of Independence: Colonies declared independence from England (July 4, 1776).

USI.6c

American Revolution

• Battle of Saratoga: This American victory was the turning point in the war.

• Surrender at Yorktown: This was the colonial victory over forces of Lord Cornwallis that marked the end of the Revolutionary War.

• Blue indicates an American Victory. • Red indicates a British Victory.

Key Events—American Revolution

• Signing of the Treaty of Paris: England recognized American independence in this treaty.

USI.6c

Test Your Knowledge

Which key individual is correctly matched with his role in the American Revolution?

A. John Adams – championed the cause of independence

B. George Washington – commander of the British Army

C. Benjamin Franklin – major author of the Declaration of Independence

D. Phyllis Wheatley – author of the Treaty of Paris

USI.6c

The author of Common Sense was –

A. George Washington B. Benjamin Franklin C. Thomas Paine D. Patrick Henry

USI.6c

Which event completes the timeline?

A. Treaty of Paris B. French Indian War C. Bill of Rights D. Battle of Lexington and Concord

USI.6c

What advantages helped the American colonists win the

Revolutionary War?

USI.6d

Colonial advantages

• Colonists’ defense of their own land, principles, and beliefs

• Support from France and Spain

• Strong leadershipUSI.6d

Test Your Knowledge

What is the BEST title for this chart?

A. British Advantages in the American Revolution B. England’s Reasons for Taxation C. England’s Control Over the Colonies D. Colonial Advantages in the American Revolution

USI.6d

The Articles of Confederation was a constitution written during the American Revolution to establish the powers of the new national government

USI.7a

• Provided for a weak national government • Gave Congress no power to tax or regulate commerce among the states• Provided for no common currency• Gave each state one vote regardless of size• Provided for no executive or judicial branch

USI.7a

What were the basic weaknesses of the Articles

of Confederation?

Test Your Knowledge

Regulate commerce means to control –

A. voting in state legislatures B. trading among the states C. printing of money in the states D. making of laws in the states

USI.7a

The Articles of Confederation provided for a –

A. Congress in which the large states had more power

B. national court system to settle disputes

C. strong executive for the new nation

D. national government with no power to regulate trade

USI.7a

The Constitution of the United States of America established a federal system of

government based on power shared between the national and state governments.

USI.7b

SharedPowers

The Bill of Rights provided a written guarantee of individual rights.

What were the basic principles of governments stated in the

Constitution of the United States of America and Bill of Rights?

USI.7b

Basic principles of government

• Separation of powers• The structure of the new national

government was based on James Madison’s “Virginia Plan,” which called for three separate branches of government:

USI.7b

Legislative Branch

• Legislative Branch (Congress) makes the laws.• Congress is a two-house legislature • All states are represented equally in the Senate

(two Senators per state) • In the House of Representatives the number of

a state’s representatives is based on state’s population.

USI.7b

Judicial and Executive Branch

• Judicial Branch (Supreme Court) determines if laws made by Congress are constitutional.

• Executive Branch (President) carries out the laws.

USI.7b

Checks and balances

• Each branch can check the power of the other.

• These checks keep any one branch from gaining too much power.

USI.7b

Judicial BranchAre the laws

constitutional?

Legislative BranchWrites the laws

Executive BranchCarries out the Laws

Bill of Rights• James Madison-- author of the Bill of Rights.• The first ten amendments to the Constitution of

the United States of America provide a written guarantee of individual rights

USI.7b

1 Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.

2 Right to keep and bear arms in order to maintain a well regulated militia.

3 No quartering of soldiers.

4 Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures.

5 Right to due process of law, freedom from self-incrimination, double jeopardy.

6 Rights of accused persons, e.g., right to a speedy and public trial.

7 Right of trial by jury in civil cases.

8 Freedom from excessive bail, cruel and unusual punishments.

9 Other rights of the people.

10 Powers reserved to the states.

Test Your Knowledge

Which branch of government is correctly matched with its duties? A. Executive Branch – makes the laws

B. Judicial Branch – determines if laws are constitutional

C. Legislative Branch – carries out the laws

D. Federal Branch – separates government

USI.7b

The system of checks and balances is important because it –

A. divides the power between the national government and the states

B. selects the President of the United States

C. keeps any branch of government from becoming too powerful

D. prevents the government from abusing the rights of people

USI.7b

The structure of the new national government was based on James Madison’s –

A. Pennsylvania Plan B. New York Plan C. New Jersey Plan D. Virginia Plan

USI.7b

Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson had opposing views on the role of the national government. That opposition resulted in the creation of

two political parties.

USI.7c

Leader of Federalists

• Alexander Hamilton

• Favored strong national government

• Favored limits on states’ powers

• Favored development of industry on a national scale

• Favored a national bankUSI.7c

Leader of the Democratic Republicans

• Thomas Jefferson

• Favored a weak national government

• Supported states’ powers

• Favored small business and farmers

• Opposed a national bank USI.7c

Test Your Knowledge

These major differences led to the creation of –

A. Bill of Rights B. Constitution of the United States C. three branches of government D. two political parties

USI.7c

Who was the leader of the Democratic-Republican Party in the early 1800s?

A. George Washington B. Alexander Hamilton C. Thomas Jefferson D. John Adams

USI.7c

What were the major national issues and events faced by the

first five presidents?

USI.7d

USI.7d

• Federal court system was established.

• Political parties grew out of the disagreements between Hamilton and Jefferson over the proper role of the national government.

• The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution of the United States of America.

George Washington(Virginia)

George Washington

(cont.)

• Plans were initiated for development of the national capital in Washington, D.C.

• Benjamin Banneker, an African American astronomer and surveyor, helped complete the design for the city.

USI.7d

John Adams(Massachusetts)

A two-party system emerged during his

administration.

USI.7d

Federalists

Vs.

Democratic Republican Party

Thomas Jefferson(Virginia)

• He bought Louisiana from France (Louisiana Purchase).

• Lewis and Clark explored this new land west of the Mississippi River.

USI.7d

Lewis and Clark Trail

James Madison(Virginia)

The War of l812 caused European

nations to gain respect for the United

States.USI.7d

James Monroe(Virginia)

He introduced the Monroe Doctrinewarning European nations not to

interfere in the Western Hemisphere.USI.7d

"The American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assured and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers. We should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety."

Test Your Knowledge

What president’s name would replace the question mark in the graphic?

A. James Madison B. Thomas Jefferson C. George Washington D. John Adams

USI.7d

All of the first five presidents were Virginians EXCEPT –

A. James Madison B. John Adams C. Thomas Jefferson D. James Monroe

USI.7d

Test Your Knowledgefrom the 1st 9 Weeks

Which geographic region is located west of the Appalachian Mountains and east of the Great Plains?

A. Region 1 B. Region 2 C. Region 3 D. Region 4

USI.2b

Which river explored by Lewis and Clark empties into the Pacific Ocean?

A. Ohio River B. Columbia River C. Rio Grande River D. Mississippi River

USI.2c

Which country made voyages of discovery along West Africa?

A. Portugal B. England C. France D. Spain

USI.4a

Which completes the diagram?

A. Land B. Disease C. Farm tools (Technology)D. Language differences

USI.4b

Which two colonies were established mainly as economic ventures?

A. Plymouth and Roanoke Island B. Roanoke Island and Jamestown C. Georgia and Plymouth D. Massachusetts Bay and Pennsylvania

USI.5a

Which colonial geographic region had coastal lowlands, moderate climate, diverse religions, and market towns?

A. West B. New England C. South D. Mid-Atlantic

USI.5b

All of these statements describe how England imposed economic control over the colonies EXCEPT –

A. England imposed strict rules over trade.

B. England ensured freedom of religion.

C. England taxed the colonies after the French and Indian War.

D. Colonies traded raw materials for English

goods. USI.5d

US History to 1877

5th Grade

CVV

3rd 9 Weeks Created by Cathy Van Valzah

Between 1801 and 1861, exploration was encouraged as America underwent vast territorial expansion and settlement.

USI.8a

We want more Land!

New territories added to the US after 1801

• JeffersonJefferson bought land from France (the Louisiana Purchase), which doubled the size of the United States.

• In the Lewis and ClarkLewis and Clark expedition, Meriwether Lewis and William Clark explored the Louisiana Purchase from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean.

USI.8a

Lewis and Clark Trail

Florida

• Spain gave Florida to the United States through a treaty.

USI.8a

Texas

• Texas was added after it became an independent republic.

USI.8a

1836: Texas declares itself an independent republic. Mexico, too distracted with other problems to deal effectively with the revolt, will continue to regard it as a renegade province. The US takes a different view, confusing and complicating relations between the two countries, and helping to bring on The US-Mexican War

Oregon

• The Oregon Territory was divided by the United States and Great Britain.

USI.8a

California

• War with Mexico resulted in California and the southwest territory becoming part of the United States.

USI.8a

Test Your Knowledge

Which territory was added to the United States after it became an independent republic?

A. Texas

B. Louisiana

C. Florida

D. Oregon

USI.8a

The Oregon Territory was divided by the United States and –

A. Mexico

B. Spain

C. Great Britain

D. Russia

USI.8a

Identify the territory shaded on the map.

A. FloridaB. CaliforniaC. OregonD. Louisiana

USI.8a

What factors influenced westward migration?

USI.8b

Geographic and economic factors that influenced westward movement

• Population growth in the eastern states

• Availability of cheap, fertile land

• Economic opportunity, e.g., gold (California Gold Rush), logging, farming, freedom (for runaway slaves)

USI.8b

Geographic and economic factors that influenced westward movement

• Cheaper and faster transportation, e.g., rivers and canals (Erie Canal), steamboats

• Knowledge of overland trails (Oregon and Santa Fe)

USI.8b

Oregon Trail Santa Fe trail

Geographic and economic factors that influenced westward movement

• Belief in the right of “Manifest Destiny”—The idea that expansion was for the good of the country and was the right of the country

USI.8b

Test Your Knowledge

Which completes the diagram?

A. Increase in Southern PlantationsB. Canal Building in New EnglandC. Migration and Expansion WestwardD. Population Growth in Eastern States

USI.8b

All were factors that led to westward movement of Americans EXCEPT –

A. population growth in eastern states

B. cheap fertile land

C. economic opportunities

D. overland trade routes leading to

Mexico

USI.8b

How did the inventions affect the lives of

Americans?

Prior to the Civil War, most industrialization

in America was in the North; however, the

equipment produced in the North had an

impact on the farming society in the South.

USI.8c

New technologies

• was invented by Eli Whitney. It increased the production of cotton and thus increased the need for slave labor to cultivate and pick the cotton.

The cotton gin

USI.8c

• Jo Anderson (a slave) and Cyrus McCormick worked to invent the reaper. The reaper increased the productivity of the American farmer.

USI.8c

The reaper

• The steamboat was improved by Robert Fulton It eventually provided faster river transportation that connected Southern plantations and farms to Northern industries and Western territories

USI.8c

The steamboat

• The steam locomotive provided faster land transportation.

USI.8c

The steam locomotive

Test Your Knowledge

The reaper -

A. was invented by Eli Whitney

B. increased the productivity of the

American farmer

C. provided improved land transportation

D. provided faster river transportation

USI.8c

The invention that increased the production of cotton and thus increased the need for slave labor was the –

A. reaper

B. cotton gin

C. steam locomotive

D. canal

USI.8c

Abolitionist movementThe abolitionists worked to end slavery.

• Most abolitionists demanded immediate freeing of the slaves.

• Abolitionists believed that slavery was wrong.• Morally wrong • Cruel and inhumane • A violation of the principles of democracy

USI.8d

Freedom

Harriet Tubman

•`using the master's horse and buggy • heading south if she encountered possible slave hunters • Tubman even carried a gun which she used to threaten the fugitives if they became too tired or decided to turn back, telling them, "You'll be free or die."

Harriet Tubman a former slave used many techniques to rescue over 300 slaves:

William Lloyd Garrison

Published the anti-slaverynewspaper, the Liberator

Frederick Douglass

A great orator and writer, a leading figure in the abolitionist movement, Frederick Douglass was born into slavery in Maryland and eventually escaped. The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: an American slave, tells the hardships of slavery.

Suffrage movementThe suffrage movement helped women gain

equal rights.

• Supporters declared that “All men and women are created equal.”

• Supporters believed that women were deprived of basic rights.

USI.8d

Suffrage movement

• Denied the right to vote

• Denied educational opportunities, especially higher education

• Denied equal opportunities in business

• Limited in rights to own propertyUSI.8d

Suffrage movement

• The movement was led by strong women who began their campaign before the Civil War and continued after the war had ended.

USI.8d

Sojourner Truth

Former slave delivers her "Ain't I a

Woman?” speech before a spellbound

audience at a women's rights convention in

Akron, Ohio.

USI.8d

Susan B. Anthony

USI.8d

Susan B. Anthony was raised in New York as a Quaker and was a strong advocate of equal right for women. One of her famous quotes was “Men their rights and nothing more; women their rights and nothing less.”

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

“Because man and woman are the complement of one another, we need woman’s thought in national affairs to make safe and stable government.”

USI.8d

Test Your Knowledge

Abolitionists believed all EXCEPT –

A. slavery was morally wrong

B. slavery was cruel and inhumane

C. slavery was a violation of the

principles of democracy

D. slavery was an economic necessity for the South

USI.8d

These Americans were –

A. Southern spies

B. weak women

C. Federalists

D. suffragists

USI.8d

How did cultural, economical, and constitutional issues create bitter divisions between the North and the South?

USI.9a

Issues that divided the nation

Slavery

• While there were several differences between the North and the South, the issues related to slavery increasingly divided the nation and led to the Civil War.

USI.9a

Issues that divided the nation

Cultural• The North was mainly an urban society in

which people held jobs.• The South was primarily an agricultural

society in which people lived in small villages and on farms and plantations.

• Because of their cultural differences, people of the North and South found it difficult to agree on social and political issues

USI.9a

Issues that divided the nation

Economic• The North was a manufacturing region, and its

people favored tariffs that protected factory owners and workers from foreign competition.

• Southerners opposed tariffs that would cause prices of manufactured goods to increase. Planters were also concerned that England might stop buying cotton from the South if tariffs were added.

USI.9a

Tariffs?

Issues that divided the nation

Constitutional

• A major conflict was states’ rights versus strong central government

USI.9a

Test Your Knowledge

Issues that divided the nation

Before the Civil War, the North was

mainly –

A. an agricultural society

B. an urban society

C. cotton producing

D. tobacco producing

•USI.9a

According to the chart -A. cultural, economical, and constitutional

issues divided the nationB. slavery was the only issue that divided the

nationC. the North and South always agreed on

important issuesD. there were few cultural differences in the

North and South USI.9a

How did the issues of states’ rights and slavery increase

sectional tension between the North and South?

USI.9b

Issues that divided the nation

• An important issue separating the country related to the power of the Federal government. Southerners believed that they had the power to declare any national law illegal. Northerners believed that the national government’s power was supreme over that of the states.

USI.9b

NationalLaws

State LawsVS.

SouthNorth

Issues that divided the nation

• Southerners felt that the abolition of slavery would destroy their region’s economy. Northerners believed that slavery should be abolished for moral reasons.

USI.9b

Slavery?

Compromises attempting to resolve differences

• Missouri Compromise (1820): Missouri was a slave state; Maine, a free state.

USI.9b

• Compromise of l850: California was a free state. Southwest territories would decide about slavery.

USI.9b

• Kansas-Nebraska Act: People decided the slavery issue (“popular sovereignty”).

USI.9b

Southern secession

• Following Lincoln’s election, the southern states seceded from the Union. Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter, in South Carolina, marking the beginning of the Civil War.

• Lincoln and many Northerners believed that the United States was one nation that could not be separated or divided. Most Southerners believed that states had freely created and joined the union and could freely leave it.

USI.9b

Test Your Knowledge

Which BEST completes the diagram?

A. Kansas-Nebraska Act

B. Compromise of 1850

C. Missouri Compromise (1820)

D. Emancipation ProclamationUSI.9b

At the beginning of the Civil War, a major

goal of President Lincoln was to –

A. punish the south

B. preserve the Union

C. spread slavery to California

D. add more states to the Union

USI.9b

Which is the correct sequence for theseevents?

A. 1, 2, 4, 3B. 2, 4, 1, 3C. 4, 2, 1, 3D. 2, 1, 4, 3

USI.9b

Test Your Knowledgefrom the 1st and 2nd

9 Weeks

The oldest mountain range in North

America is found in the –

A. Canadian Shield

B. Appalachian Highlands

C. Rocky Mountains

D. Basin and Range

USI.2b

The river that forms the border with

Mexico is the –

A. Colorado

B. Mississippi

C. Columbia

D. Rio Grande

USI.2c

The Iroquois inhabited –

A. region 1B. region 2C. region 3D. region 4

USI.3a

The Mid-Atlantic colonies were known for

their –

A. varied and diverse lifestyles

B. shipbuilding industry

C. slavery and indentured servants

D. religious reformers

USI.5b

Thomas Jefferson borrowed ideas for theDeclaration of Independence from whichEnglish philosopher?

A. Patrick HenryB. Benjamin FranklinC. King George IIID. John Locke

USI.6b

One major weakness of the governmentunder the Articles of Confederation wasthat it –

A. had no power to tax the statesB. regulated all commerce among the

statesC. had no legislative branchD. gave large states more power

USI.7a

James Madison’s Virginia Plan called for –

A. two house legislature in Congress

B. a system of checks and balances

C. separation of powers into three

branches

D. creation of a Bill of Rights

USI.7b

The system of checks and balances isImportant because it –

A. makes the executive branch strongB. divides the power between the national government and the statesC. prevents the government from abusing the rights of the peopleD. keeps any one branch from gaining too much power

USI.7b

The Federalist Party favored –

A. a weak national government

B. a national bank

C. strong state powers

D. small business and farmers

USI.7c

The African American astronomer and

Surveyor who helped complete the

design for Washington, D.C. was -

A. Frederick Douglass

B. Harriet Tubman

C. Benjamin Banneker

D. Phillis Wheatley

USI.7d

These were accomplishments during the

presidency of –

A. Thomas Jefferson

B. John Adams

C. George Washington

D. James Madison

USI.7d