US History Objective 3.01 and 3.02

3.01 Trace the economic, social, and political events from the Mexican War to the outbreak of the Civil War.3.02 Analyze and assess the causes of the Civil War.

US HistoryObjective 3.01 and 3.02ReviewExpansion of slavery is dividing North and SouthNorth abolitionist movementsWilliam Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth, Nat Turners RebellionSouth defend slavery as necessary evilEconomy depends on Slave laborWestward expansion will increase these tensions as southerners look to expand slaveryhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Go5J_UgF8Ck Missouri CompromiseReview3 parts of the Missouri CompromiseMaine admitted as Free StateMissouri admitted as Slave State3630 line divides country (above is free and below is slave)

Westward expansion will create the need for a new compromise over expansion of slavery

Clays Compromise of 1850Westward expansion opens debate of slaveryHenry Clay- known as the Great CompromiserCompromise of 1850California admitted as a Free StateCongress passes the Fugitive Slave ActRequires citizens to turn in any slave that is attempting or has escapedFailing to turn these people in will result in punishment by lawSouthern states will favor this actCompromise of 1850

California admitted as a free stateGreen- free states and territoriesYellow- slave states and territoriesPurple- open to slaveryKansas-Nebraska Act (1854)This act will reverse the Missouri CompromiseStephen Douglas will promote the idea of popular sovereigntyStates will now have the right to vote on being slave or freeBased on Ideas of 10th AmendmentPowers not delegated to US, are reserved to states or the peopleKansas-Nebraska Act (1854)

1) Light Green- slave states2) Light Pink- free states3) Brown- now open to popular sovereignty

Bleeding KansasSince Kansas can now vote on being a slave or free state a showdown is set.Pro-slavery and anti-slavery supporters move into Kansas to influence the voteLead to bloodshed and fights between pro and anti-slavery groups

Other Events Underground RailroadMovement of slaves to the North and Canada using secret hideoutsReason South calls for Fugitive Slave LawHarriet Tubman is famous conductor of the Underground Railroad

Underground Railroad

Other Events Cont.John Browns RaidJohn Brown will raid a federal weapons arsenal in Harpers Ferry, VirginiaBrown wanted to give weapons to slaves to start a revoltBrown and his men will be captured and hung

Other Events Cont.Harriet Beecher StoweWrite book Uncle Toms Cabin in 1852Book describes the humanity of slaves and the inhumanity of slaveryNorth- use this to defend abolitionSouth- say the book is full of lies and be angered by what they see as false informationStowe will be called The little lady who started the big War by Pres. Lincolnhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Go5J_UgF8Ck

Sumner-Brooks Affair1856South Carolina Senator Preston Brooks attacks Massachusetts Senator Charles Sumner on Senate floor in Washington, DC

Dred Scott v. SandfordMarch 1857Dred Scott- slave suing for freedom (living in free territory)Court rulingSlaves were not citizens and could not sue in federal courtMissouri Compromise unconstitutional- US could not forbid slavery in any territoryReactionNorth outragedSouth- supportive

Further divide North and South over slavery issueRise of Republican Party and LincolnRepublican Party- form around one issue---- Abolish SlaveryGain in strength throughout the 1850sMost famous and influential leader will be Abraham Lincoln

Abraham LincolnLincoln-Douglas DebatesDuring the Senate Race in 1858Lincoln (Republican)- did not want immediate end to slavery but supported an end to expansion of slaveryStephen Douglas (Democrat)- supported popular sovereigntyLincoln will lose the electionHis ideas will become central to Republican Party and help him win presidential election in 1860Election of 18604 CandidatesLincoln- Republican2 Democrats- split the vote1 third partyLincoln wins without a single electoral vote from South (South feels as if their votes no longer matter)Immediate result- Southern states start to secede (led by South Carolina)

Election of 1860 Lincoln wins without getting a single electoral vote from South

Southern SecessionAfter Election of 1860- southern states secede (leave) the UnionLed by South CarolinaSet up the Confederate States of AmericaConstitution will permit slavery and give states most powerElect Jefferson Davis as President of the Confederate States