Come up with word or words that describe the terms below.

Strength• Power• Courage• Solidity• Unremitting • Leadership• Love• Determine• Smart• Determination• Talented• Hard working• loyalty

Weaknesses• Stupidity• Fear• Vulnerable• Undermine• Sorrow• Failure• Powerless• Slow• Discourage• Undecisive• Defenseless• Emotions• No principles• Discriminate• fearful

Two things that can make a government powerful

Two things that can make a government weak.

Strength• Lots of money• Hardworking• Support • Good leader• Respect• Experienced• Education• Army• Smart presidents• Intelligent• loyalty

Weaknesses• lack of experience• Laziness• Careless• No leader• Economy• Dishonesty• Boycott• Doesn’t spend money wisely• No funds• Bankruptcy• Greedy• Unwise decisions• Unnecessary expenses

Chapter 5 Section 1

Objective: To examine the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.

United States of America

Articles of Confederation

• Republic– Citizens rule through their

elected representative

Articles of Confederation

• Alliances of independent states

• Articles of Confederation, "Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom and independence, and every Power, Jurisdiction and right, which is not

by this confederation expressly delegated to the United States, in

Congress assembled."

Powers of the Article• Declare War• Make peace• Raise an army• Power to coin

money• Sign treaties• Borrow money

• No President or Chief Executive

•Effect: No effective way to coordinate the work of the government

Figurehead:

John Hanson of Maryland

Weaknesses of the Article

"Why should I trade one tyrant 3000 miles away for 3000 tyrants

one mile away? An elected legislature can trample a man's rights as easily as a King can."

Weaknesses of the Article • Cannot tax therefore

could not raise revenue– Effect: Led to- debt

(unable to pay)– Effect: Congress had to

beg money from states.

• Cannot regulate trade

• Effect: Congress had no control over trade between states

• No National currency (each state has their own money)

• No National Court.

Supreme Court

- Effect: Cannot solve disputes among states

Weaknesses of the Article

•Need 9 states to approve laws

•Effect: Difficult to enact laws

•All 13 states need approval to change the Articles

Weaknesses of the Article

Organizing the land

• All unclaimed land was placed under the government to be organized, settled and raise revenue

• to surveyed the land into squares 6 miles on each side. (townships)

Land Ordinance

of 1785

• Each town was divided into 36 smaller sections, 640 acres each. (the cost was a minimum of $1 per acre)

• population of 60,000 = statehood.

Northwest Ordinance (1787)

• population up to 5,000 = self governing

• Slavery was outlawed.5,000

60,000

John Baptist De Coigne

• Kaskaskia chief, was among a group of Indians from the Northwest Territory who met with leaders of the US government in 1793. He expressed the Native American view of the westward expansion of white settlers during the previous ten years.

– “Order your people to be just. They are always trying to get our lands. They come on our lands, they hunt on them; kill our game and kill us. Keep them on one side of the line, and us on the other. Listen, to what we say, and protect the nations of the Wabash and the Mississippi in their lands

Shays’ Rebellion 1786

• Farmer’s income decreased while taxes increased.

• Farmers who could not pay their debts had their farms taken away by the courts.

Massachusetts farmer Daniel Shays and his supporters occupy a Massachusetts courthouse.

• Shays led a group of farmers in an attempt to capture a federal arsenal.

Men Fighting During Shays' Rebellion

• The U.S., without an organized army, was powerless. Massachusetts militia was formed to stop the rebellion

• Shays’ Rebellion convinced many people that the U.S. needed a NEW, STRONGER

GOVERNMENT.

• The Articles of Confederation needed to be replaced!

Homework: Four columns

• Chapter 5 Section 1– Create Four Columns– Use Terms/ names, events, Weaknesses,

Strength– Write a description, synonyms, definition– Write a complete sentence– Draw an image

Shays’ Rebellion: 1786-Shays’ Rebellion: 1786-77

There could be no stronger evidence of the want of energy in our governments than these disorders.

-- George Washington-- George Washington

Chapter 5 Section 1

1. Representation: By population or by State?

Pg 134

2. Supreme Power: Can it be divided?

Pg 135 first paragraph (top)

3. Western Lands: Who gets them?

B.1. What was the new nation’s major financial problem? Page 136

2. Why was the national government unable to solve its financial problems?

3. Why didn’t congress amend the Articles so it could impose a tariff?

4. Why do you suppose the central government under the Articles were given limited powers?

A.

Quiz # 6 (Articles )1. Law that turn a territory into a state after 60,000

population 2. Terms for citizens rule through their elected

representative 3. Alliances of independent states 4. The event where the farmers revolt due to increase of

taxes 5. Law that surveyed into 6 miles turning them into

township 6-7 Name two weaknesses of the Articles 8-9 Name two powers of the Articles 10. To whom does all the unclaimed land goes to?

Chapter 5 Section 2-3

The need for a Stronger Government

• After five days of meeting, delegates gave up amending the Articles and decided to a form a new government

The Constitutional Convention

The Founding Fathers

• Led to the creation of The Constitution

The need for a Stronger Government

Issue # 1: Representation in Congress

Base on population or equal votes

• New Jersey Plan– One house

(unicameral)– equal vote (one per

state)

Issue # 1: Representation in Congress

• New Jersey Plan– One house

(unicameral)– equal vote (one per

state)

• Virginia Plan– Two house

(bicameral)– Representation base

on population

Issue # 1: Representation in Congress

• Virginia Plan– Two house

(bicameral)– Representation base

on population

• New Jersey Plan– One house

(unicameral)– equal vote (one per

state)

The Great Compromise

– Senate• Each state = two senators

– House of Representative

• Representative base on population

• Congress = two house

• For every 5 slaves, they will be counted as 3 votes

Three-Fifths Compromise

Issues # 2: Slavery

I. Popular Sovereignty• The people hold the ultimate authority/power

Issues # 3: Power of the Government

II. Federalism• The division of power between State and

National Governments

• Executive branch -

carries out the laws

Judicial branch -

interprets the laws

• Legislative branch -

makes the laws

III. Separation of Powers

• Senate and House of Representatives

• Appropriate Money• Establish Post Offices and Roads• Regulate Interstate Commerce and

Transportation• Declare War

• The President • Chief Executive• Chief of State• Chief Legislator• Commander in Chief

• Supreme Court and other Courts

• Preserve and protect the rights of people

EXECUTIVE

Can be impeach (to try or accuse)

JUDICIAL

Declare laws unconstitutional

LEGISLATIVE

President can veto ( to

reject) laws

• To prevent abuse of power

Page 143 in textbook

IV. Checks and Balance

Legislative Checks

• Override president’s veto• Ratify treaties• Confirm executive appointments• Impeach federal officers and

judges• Create and dissolve lower

federal courts• Confirm appropriation of money

• Declare executive acts unconstitutional

• Declare laws unconstitutional

• Declare acts of Congress unconstitutional

• The Supreme Court holds the final check

Judicial Checks

• Propose laws to Congress• Veto laws made by Congress• Negotiate foreign treaties• Appoint federal judges• Grant pardons to federal

offenders• Appropriate money

Executive Branch

  Power(Page 143)

Which Branch Has the Power?

How is the Power being checked?(Could be more than one)

1. Pass bills. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH Judicial declare law unconstitutional/Executive can veto

2. Veto bills.

3. Sign treaties

4. Can pardon people

5. Impeachment of federal officials

6. Confirm the appointment of presidential appointments

7. Declare laws unconstitutional

8. Override Presidential Vetoes

9. Appoint judges

10. Appropriate money

  Power Which Branch Has the

Power?How is the Power being checked?(Could be more than one)

1. Pass bills. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH Judicial declare law unconstitutional/Executive can veto

2. Veto bills. Congress can override veto

3. RATIFY TREATIES Approves funding for presidential programs

Check on executive –s ign treaties

4. Appoint Federal judges Legislative confirms appointment

5. Impeachment of federal officials

6. Confirm the appointment of presidential appointments

7. Declare laws unconstitutional

8. Override Presidential Vetoes

9. Judges are appointed for life Impeachment by legislature/ confirmation by legislature

10. CONTROL APPROPRIATION OF MONEYCan pardon people

EXECUTIVE BRANCH

LEGISLATIVE

LEGISLATIVE

EXECUTIVE

LEGISLATIVE

JUDICIAL

LEGISLATIVE

JUDICIAL/ EXECUTIVE

LEGISLATIVE

EXECUTIVE