US Becoming a World Power US Becoming a World Power 1890-1915.1890-1915.

The call for imperialism.The call for imperialism. Economic factors.Economic factors. Nationalism factors.Nationalism factors. Military factors.Military factors. Humanitarianism factors.Humanitarianism factors.

Economic Factors For Economic Factors For Expansion.Expansion.

Expand markets & acquire new raw Expand markets & acquire new raw materials.materials. US industry over production for domestic US industry over production for domestic

markets.markets. European imperial model.European imperial model. Closing of the American frontier (the turner Closing of the American frontier (the turner

thesis).thesis).Supported by Henry Cabot lodge & T.R.Supported by Henry Cabot lodge & T.R.

America could restore its pioneer spirit through America could restore its pioneer spirit through expansion. expansion.

Nationalism Factors for US Nationalism Factors for US ExpansionExpansion

Everyone else is doing it.Everyone else is doing it.

Anglo-saxonism.Anglo-saxonism. Belief in Aryan superiority.Belief in Aryan superiority. Chinese exclusion act.Chinese exclusion act. Manifest destiny.Manifest destiny.

Military Factors For Military Factors For Expansion.Expansion.

Protecting American security.Protecting American security. Alfred T. Mahan’s 1881 book “the Alfred T. Mahan’s 1881 book “the

influence of sea power upon history, influence of sea power upon history, 1600-1783”.1600-1783”.

Modern navy to protect modern trade.Modern navy to protect modern trade.

Military Factors For Military Factors For Expansion.Expansion.

Advances in military technology made US Advances in military technology made US and European military superior to African and European military superior to African & Asian.& Asian.

New military required bases around the New military required bases around the world.world. In 1880 the US navy was a few leftover rusty In 1880 the US navy was a few leftover rusty

civil war vessels.civil war vessels. By 1900 the US navy was transformed into on By 1900 the US navy was transformed into on

of the most powerful in the world. of the most powerful in the world.

Humanitarian Factors for Humanitarian Factors for ExpansionExpansion

Missionaries spread Missionaries spread Western civilizationWestern civilization

LawLaw

MedicineMedicine

ChristianityChristianity

Call for expansion

Expansion and the Monroe Expansion and the Monroe DoctrineDoctrine

US is neutral in European affairs.US is neutral in European affairs.

Other nations need not interfere in Other nations need not interfere in the western hemisphere.the western hemisphere.

1867 Seward purchases Alaska.1867 Seward purchases Alaska. Hope US on both sides of Canada would Hope US on both sides of Canada would

force British out of Canada (western force British out of Canada (western hemisphere).hemisphere).

Seward purchases Alaska

US Expansion in the PacificUS Expansion in the Pacific

Perry sails to Japan.Perry sails to Japan. New trade open in east.New trade open in east.

US signs treaty improving trade with US signs treaty improving trade with china.china. US annexation of midway islands- need US annexation of midway islands- need

for refueling stations in pacific.for refueling stations in pacific.

Perry Sails to Japan

Monroe Doctrine in the Monroe Doctrine in the AmericasAmericas

1870 president grant announces the 1870 president grant announces the Monroe doctrine would protect Latin Monroe doctrine would protect Latin America nations from transfer of America nations from transfer of European power.European power.

US plays active diplomatic role in the US plays active diplomatic role in the region. region.

The Monroe Doctrine Put to The Monroe Doctrine Put to the Testthe Test

The United States Flexes its muscle in the The United States Flexes its muscle in the regionregion 1891 Chile1891 Chile

Two US sailors killed in dispute while on shore leave Two US sailors killed in dispute while on shore leave in Chile in Chile

US demands and get payment of $75,000 US demands and get payment of $75,000 1893 Brazil.1893 Brazil.

US send naval ships to Brazil to protect US shipping US send naval ships to Brazil to protect US shipping during Brazil’s rebellion.during Brazil’s rebellion.

Great BritainGreat BritainUS forces Great Britain into arbitration over disputed US forces Great Britain into arbitration over disputed territory with Venezuela. territory with Venezuela.

The Spanish American WarThe Spanish American War

Setting the stage for war.Setting the stage for war.Cuban rebellion.Cuban rebellion.

Cuban rebels had been fighting with Spain on and Cuban rebels had been fighting with Spain on and off since 1868.off since 1868.

Spain decides to crush rebel force.Spain decides to crush rebel force.

Spain forces hundreds of thousands of Cuban Spain forces hundreds of thousands of Cuban civilians on concentration camps.civilians on concentration camps.

Disease and starvation took some 200,000 Disease and starvation took some 200,000 lives.lives.

The Spanish American War

Forces For American Forces For American Intervention in CubaIntervention in Cuba

Yellow press.Yellow press. Joseph Pulitzer.Joseph Pulitzer. William Randolph Hearst.William Randolph Hearst.

Publishers compete to sell papers in NY.Publishers compete to sell papers in NY. American business interests.American business interests.

Rebels attack American sugar plantation.Rebels attack American sugar plantation. Business pressures government for Business pressures government for

intervention.intervention.

Forces For American Forces For American Intervention in CubaIntervention in Cuba

The militarist.The militarist.Theodore Roosevelt.Theodore Roosevelt.

Henry Cabot lodge.Henry Cabot lodge.

Admiral Mahan.Admiral Mahan. The Delome letter.The Delome letter.

President McKinley is a wiener.President McKinley is a wiener. The battleship Maine.The battleship Maine.

Spain was blamed in the press when the US Spain was blamed in the press when the US ship sinks in Havana harbor.ship sinks in Havana harbor.

The WarThe War

Preparation is made for the Preparation is made for the Philippines.Philippines. TR as assistant secretary of navy felt the TR as assistant secretary of navy felt the

Philippines were key to protect US trade Philippines were key to protect US trade with Asia.with Asia.

TR directed admiral dewy to attack Spanish TR directed admiral dewy to attack Spanish fleet in the Philippines if war broke out with fleet in the Philippines if war broke out with Spain.Spain.

McKinley Asks Congress for McKinley Asks Congress for Declaration of War.Declaration of War.

With pressure mounting from the press With pressure mounting from the press McKinley make a last effort at peace.McKinley make a last effort at peace. Spain must:Spain must:

Provide compensation for the MaineProvide compensation for the Maine

End the concentration camps in CubaEnd the concentration camps in Cuba

Recognize Cuban independence.Recognize Cuban independence. Spain does all but last item.Spain does all but last item.

McKinley asks and receives declaration of war.McKinley asks and receives declaration of war.

The War Is on.The War Is on.

11stst action takes place in Philippines action takes place in Philippines not Cubanot Cuba In a surprise attack dewy destroys the In a surprise attack dewy destroys the

entire Spanish fleet in the Philippines.entire Spanish fleet in the Philippines. US traps Spanish fleet in Cuba in the US traps Spanish fleet in Cuba in the

Santiago harbor.Santiago harbor.The Spanish try to escape but every ship is The Spanish try to escape but every ship is sunk.sunk.

The Spanish American WarThe Spanish American War

““It’s a Splendid Little War” It’s a Splendid Little War”

Fewer than 400 US soldiers die in Fewer than 400 US soldiers die in battle ( 2,500 total most from battle ( 2,500 total most from disease and food poisoning).disease and food poisoning).

TR and the rough riders become TR and the rough riders become national hero'snational hero's

The Treaty of ParisThe Treaty of Paris

The united states officially enters into the The united states officially enters into the imperialism business.imperialism business. Many were opposed – a nation built on the Many were opposed – a nation built on the

principle of liberty cannot deprive other of principle of liberty cannot deprive other of have it.have it.

The imperialist win and the treaty is ratified The imperialist win and the treaty is ratified allowing the US annexation of:allowing the US annexation of:

CubaCubaPhilippinesPhilippinesPuerto RicoPuerto Rico GuamGuam

New Challenges After the WarNew Challenges After the War

The PhilippinesThe PhilippinesPresident McKinley’sPresident McKinley’s arguments for annexation:arguments for annexation:

Filipinos were unfit for self-Filipinos were unfit for self-government.government.

Independence would bring Independence would bring anarchy.anarchy.

European powers would try to European powers would try to seize the islands.seize the islands.

The Filipinos fought a three-The Filipinos fought a three-year war for independence.year war for independence.The Philippines did not gain The Philippines did not gain complete independence until complete independence until 19461946..

CubaCubaPresident McKinley installed a President McKinley installed a military government to military government to protect American business protect American business interests.interests.Cuba drafted a constitution in Cuba drafted a constitution in 1900 that did not allow for 1900 that did not allow for U.S. involvement.U.S. involvement.The U.S. government only The U.S. government only agreed to remove its troops if agreed to remove its troops if Cuba included the Cuba included the Platt Platt AmendmentAmendment..The Platt Amendment The Platt Amendment remained in place until 1934. remained in place until 1934. It allowed for U.S. naval bases It allowed for U.S. naval bases on the island and intervention on the island and intervention whenever necessarywhenever necessary..

United States Acquisitions and United States Acquisitions and Annexations 1857-1904Annexations 1857-1904

United States Acquisitions and United States Acquisitions and Annexations 1857-1904Annexations 1857-1904

A little QuizA little Quiz

Which of the following was a reason President McKinley stated Which of the following was a reason President McKinley stated for the annexation of the Philippines? for the annexation of the Philippines? (A)(A) The United States needed raw materials from the Philippines.The United States needed raw materials from the Philippines.(B)(B) McKinley believed that the Filipinos could not govern McKinley believed that the Filipinos could not govern

themselves.themselves.(C)(C) McKinley believed that if the United States fought for it, they McKinley believed that if the United States fought for it, they

should own it.should own it.(D)(D) McKinley was concerned that granting independence would McKinley was concerned that granting independence would

damage his public image.damage his public image.

How did the United States defend the Monroe Doctrine?How did the United States defend the Monroe Doctrine?(A)(A) By forcing the British to go to arbitration over their dispute with By forcing the British to go to arbitration over their dispute with

VenezuelaVenezuela(B)(B) By demolishing Spain’s navyBy demolishing Spain’s navy(C)(C) By annexing the PhilippinesBy annexing the Philippines(D)(D) By winning the Spanish-American WarBy winning the Spanish-American War