US AMLR datasets
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US AMLR datasets Ship-based oceanographic, biological and acoustic data
description
US AMLR datasets. Ship-based oceanographic, biological and acoustic data. Drew Shindell, NASA-GISS. The ship-based program collects a variety of data. Ship-based ProgramDuration Quant. krill net tows (species, stage, maturity; >3000)1993 - present* - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of US AMLR datasets
US AMLR datasetsShip-based oceanographic, biological and acoustic data
Drew Shindell, NASA-GISS
Ship-based Program Duration
•Quant. krill net tows (species, stage, maturity; >3000) 1993 - present*•Water properties (CTD; > 3000) 1990 - present •XBT/ Drifter deployments (500 XBTs, >100 drifters) 2005 - present
•Underway met. and ocean. data (>50 000 km) 1990 - present•Acoustics (EK-500; 2 frequencies) 1990 - 2000•Acoustics (EK-60; 4 frequencies) 2000 - present•Chl-a/ species/ size/ nutrients (>10,000) 1990 - present•Bird/mammal observations (30 000 km) 2000 - present
Occasional studies•Iron / trace metals (3 years; >300 samples) 2006-2008•Ancillary and special acoustic surveys 2004-2006, 2008
•Satellite data validation (SIO/NASA partners; 17/47 SO datasets) 1997 - 2008
*Partner programs extend the data farther into past
The ship-based program collects a variety of data
AMLR Survey Grid and Predator Field Camps
Longitude
Antarc
tic P
eninsula
South ShetlandIslands
BransfieldStrait
Weddell Sea
DrakePassage
ScotiaSea
Latit
ude
ACC
•Elephant Island area
•Historical fishery
•Long term sampling
•Seal Island field camp
AMLR Survey Grid and Predator Field Camps
Longitude
Antarc
tic P
eninsula
South ShetlandIslands
BransfieldStrait
Weddell Sea
DrakePassage
ScotiaSea
Latit
ude
ACC•Expanded in 1997•Reflect change to monitoring•Close to population centers•New Camp at Cape Shirreff•Copacabana
AMLR Survey Grid and Predator Field Camps
Longitude
Antarc
tic P
eninsula
South ShetlandIslands
BransfieldStrait
Weddell Sea
DrakePassage
ScotiaSea
Latit
ude
ACC
?
•Expansion south (2007, 2008) as ice allows.
•Do we expand to determine distribution and abundance of krill and other species in other areas
Krill
Ice
Salp
Time series of krill and plankton
Year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
79 81 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03
Mo
nth
Sea ice extent10^6 km^2
0
875
1750
2625
3500
Sa
lp d
en
sit
y (n
o.
m^
-2
0.2
0.4
0.6
Kri
ll p
rop
ort
ion
al
rec
ruit
men
t
0.8
Year
400
200
600
0
Krill d
en
sity
(no
100
m^
-3)
At-sea avian distributions and krill hotspots
Krill Distribution Cape Petrel
At-sea mammal observations – coupled with krill net tow data and demography
FinHumpback
13-34 mm 45-65 mm
Year
Chl
-a (
mg
m
) -3
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
UM
L Int. Chl-a (m
g m ) -2
Oceanographic data to examine bottom up processes
Integrated and UML chl-a highly correlated
Significant interannual variability
0.3 – 2.0 mg m-3
Low periods in 1992 and 1998 associated with El Nino
Linking physical environment to productivity
Integrated physical and biological data include
Upper mixed layer (UML)•temperature•depth•salinity
To examine:
Productivity (chl-a) and variability in physical environment
Year
UM
L d
epth
(m
)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Year
UM
L s
alin
ity
(psu
)
33.9
34
34.1
34.2
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
UM
L tem
peratu
re ( C)
o
Ch
l-a
(mg
m
) -3
UML temperature ( C)o
1995
2006
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Spatially resolved for satellite comparisons of chl-a and primary production
•AMLR sampling recovers spatial structure
•Satellite ocean-color data lack other variables necessary to understand why productivity
•Physical data can be used to validate models of production in IPCC Class models
•US AMLR cruises represent at least 17 of 47 Southern ocean datasets (NASA Grants to SIO)
10 yr SeaWiFs mean
10 yr AMLR average
Database
A comprehensive, quality-controlled at-sea database (1990 to present)
Data input forms for each database component
At-sea bird and mammal track-line, acoustic and sea surface data are in a database
Oceanographic and net based data associated with trawl data have been incorporated
Quality-control and quality-assurance procedures are being developed
First reanalysis and reprocessing of CTD is being conducted
Unique attributes
Longest (with historical partner data) plankton time series
Largest and longest quantitative multi-frequency acoustic time series
Only comprehensive, integrated and repetitive at-sea bird and mammal observation program
Longest continuous oceanographic (CTD) and chl-a time-series in the Scotia Sea
Limitations
No winter data, no shoulder season coverage
Opportunities
Gliders, AUVs for hydrographic and plankton data
Modeling for integration and synthesis
