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Uri Geller

Uri Geller in 2009

Born 20 December 1946

Tel Aviv, British Mandate of Palestine

Residence Berkshire, England, Cyprus, Tel Aviv

Occupation Performer, illusionist, self-proclaimed

psychic

Spouse(s) Hannah Geller

Uri GellerFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Uri Geller (Hebrew: אורי גלר; /ˈʊri ˈɡɛlər/;[1] born 20December 1946) is an illusionist, well knowninternationally as a magician, television personality, andself-proclaimed psychic. He is known for his trademarktelevision performances of spoon bending and othersupposed psychic effects. Throughout the years, Gellerhas used simple conjuring tricks to simulate the effects of

psychokinesis and telepathy.[2][3] Geller's career as anentertainer has spanned almost four decades, withtelevision shows and appearances in many countries.Geller used to call his abilities "psychic" but now prefers

to refer to himself as a "mystifier" and entertainer.[4]

Contents

1 Early life

2 Career

3 Personal life4 Paranormal claims

4.1 Parallels to stage magic

4.2 Scientific testing

5 The Tonight Show

6 Controversial performances

7 Litigation8 Copyright claims9 Lamb Island, Scotland

10 Bibliography11 References

12 External links

Early life

Born in Tel Aviv, British Mandate of Palestine (now located in Israel), to Jewish parents from Hungary and

Austria,[5] Geller is the son of Itzhaak Geller (Gellér Izsák), a retired army sergeant major, and Manzy Freud

(Freud Manci). It is claimed that Geller is a distant relative of Sigmund Freud on his mother's side.[6]

At the age of 11, Geller's family moved to Nicosia, Cyprus, where he attended a high school, the Terra Santa

College, and learned English. At the age of 18[7] he served in the Israeli Army's Paratroopers Brigade,[8] and

was wounded in action during the 1967 Six-Day War.[9][10] He worked as a photographic model in 1968 and

1969; during that time, he began to perform for small audiences as a nightclub entertainer,[11] becoming well

known in Israel.[12]

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Geller bending a spoon in a mall in Switzerland,

2005

Geller first started to perform in theatres, public halls, auditoriums, military bases and universities in Israel.[13] Bythe 1970s, Geller had become known in the United States and Europe. He also received attention from thescientific community, whose members were interested in examining his reported psychic abilities. At the peak ofhis career in the 1970s, he worked full-time, performing for television audiences worldwide.

Career

Geller gained notice for demonstrating on television what he claimed to be psychokinesis, dowsing, and

telepathy.[14] His performance included bending spoons, describing hidden drawings, and making watches stop

or run faster. Geller said he performs these feats through will power and the strength of his mind.[15] Magicians

have said that his performances can be duplicated using stage magic tricks.[16]

In 1975, Geller published his first autobiography, My Story, and acknowledged that, in his early career, his

manager talked him into adding a magic trick to make his performances last longer.[17] This trick involved Gellerappearing to guess audience members' license plate numbers, when in fact his manager had given them to himahead of time. One of Geller's most prominent critics is the skeptic James Randi, who has accused Gellerrepeatedly of trying to pass off magic tricks as paranormal displays. Randi often duplicated Geller'sperformances using stage magic techniques.

Geller starred in the 2001 horror film Sanitarium,directed by Johannes Roberts and James Eaves. In May2002, he appeared as a contestant on the first series ofthe British reality TV show I'm a Celebrity...Get MeOut of Here!, where he was the first to be eliminatedand finished in last place. In 2005, Geller starred in Uri'sHaunted Cities: Venice, a XI Pictures/Lion TVproduction for Sky One, which led to a behind thescenes release in early 2008 called Cursed; bothproductions were directed by Jason Figgis. In early2007, Geller hosted a reality show in Israel called TheSuccessor (היורש), where the contestants supposedlydisplayed supernatural powers; Israeli magicianscriticized the program saying that it was all magic

tricks.[18] In July 2007 NBC signed Geller and CrissAngel for Phenomenon, to search for the next great

mentalist; contestant Mike Super won the position.[19] In January 2008, Geller began hosting the TV show The

Next Uri Geller, broadcast by Pro7 in Germany.[20]

In February 2008, Geller began a show on Dutch television called De Nieuwe Uri Geller, which shares asimilar format to its German counterpart. The goal of the programme is to find the best mentalist in theNetherlands. In March 2008, he started the same show in Hungary (A kiválasztott in Hungarian). During theshow, Geller speaks in both Hungarian and English. Geller also performs his standard routines of allegedlymaking stopped watches start, spoons jump from televisions, and tables move. Geller co-produced the TV

show Book of Knowledge, released in April 2008.[21] In October 2009, a similar show, called The Successor

of Uri Geller.[22] began on Greek television.

Personal life

Geller lives in the village of Sonning-on-Thames, Berkshire, in the United Kingdom.[23] He is trilingual, speaking

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Geller lives in the village of Sonning-on-Thames, Berkshire, in the United Kingdom.[23] He is trilingual, speaking

English, Hebrew, and Hungarian.[24] In an appearance on Esther Rantzen's 1996 television talk show Esther,

Geller claimed to have suffered from anorexia nervosa for several years.[25][26] He has written 16 fiction andnon fiction books.

Geller owns a 1976 Cadillac adorned with thousands of pieces of bent tableware given to him by celebrities orotherwise having significance to him. This includes spoons from such people as John Lennon and the Spice Girls,as well as those with which Winston Churchill and John F. Kennedy supposedly ate. His friend Michael Jackson

was best man when Geller renewed his wedding vows in 2001.[27] Geller also negotiated the famous TV

interview between Jackson with the journalist Martin Bashir: Living with Michael Jackson.[28]

Geller is president of International Friends of Magen David Adom, a group that lobbied the InternationalCommittee of the Red Cross to recognise Magen David Adom ("Red Star of David") as a humanitarian relief

organisation.[citation needed] In 1997 he tried to help the Second Division football club Exeter City win a crucialend of season game by placing "energy-infused" crystals behind the goals at Exeter's ground (Exeter lost thegame 5–1); he was appointed co-chairman of the club in 2002. The club was relegated to the FootballConference in May 2003, where it remained for five years. He has since severed formal ties with the club.

Following the death of Michael Jackson, the British television station ITV announced plans to screen aninterview with Geller regarding his relationship with Jackson, entitled My Friend Michael Jackson: Uri's

Story.[29]

Paranormal claims

Geller has claimed his feats are the result of paranormal powers[14] given to him by extraterrestrials,[30] but

critics such as James Randi have shown that Geller's tricks can be replicated with stage magic techniques.[16]

In the early 1970s, an article in The Jerusalem Post reported that a court had ordered Geller to refund acustomer's ticket price and pay court costs after finding that he had committed fraud by claiming that his feats

were telepathic.[12] In addition, a 1974 article also hints at Geller's abilities being trickery.[31] The article allegedthat his manager Shipi Shtrang (whom he called his brother at the time) and Shipi's sister Hannah Shtrang

secretly helped in Geller's performances.[31] Eventually, Geller married Hannah and they had children.[32]

In 1975, two scientists (Russell Targ and Harold Puthoff from the Stanford Research Institute) said they were

convinced that Geller's demonstrations were genuine.[33] Since that time, however, notable scientists, variousmagicians, and skeptics have suggested possible ways in which Geller could have tricked the scientists using

misdirection techniques.[16][34] These critics, who include Richard Feynman, James Randi and Martin Gardner,

have accused him of using his demonstrations fraudulently outside of the entertainment business.[35][36] NobelPrize-winning physicist Richard Feynman, who was an amateur magician, wrote in Surely You're Joking, Mr.

Feynman! (1985) that Geller was unable to bend a key for him and his son.[37] Some of his claims have been

described by watchmakers as restarting stopped mechanical clocks by moving them around.[38]

Geller is well known for making predictions regarding sporting events. Skeptic James Randi and British tabloid

newspaper The Sun have demonstrated the teams and players he chooses to win most often lose.[39] JohnAtkinson explored "predictions" Geller made over 30 years and concluded "Uri more often than not scuppered

[i.e., destroyed] the chances of sportsmen and teams he was trying to help."[39] This was pointed out by one of

Randi's readers, who called it "The Curse of Uri Geller."[40]

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During the Euro 96 football game between Scotland and England at Wembley, Geller, who was hoveringoverhead in a helicopter, claimed that he managed to move the ball from the penalty spot when Scotland's Gary

McAllister was about to take a penalty kick,[41] something that, if true, would be against the rules of Associationfootball, as the ball would then have been "Out of Play". The player ended up missing the chance to equalise forScotland.

In another notable instance, in 1992, Geller was asked to investigate the kidnapping of Hungarian model HelgaFarkas; after he predicted she would be found alive and in good health, she was found to have been murdered

by her kidnappers.[42][43] Geller was a friend of Bruce Bursford and helped him "train his mind" during some

cycling speed record-breaking bids in the 1990s.[44]

In 2007, skeptics observed that Geller appeared to have dropped his claims that he does not perform magictricks. Randi highlighted a quotation from the November 2007 issue of the magazine Magische Welt (MagicWorld) in which Geller said: "I'll no longer say that I have supernatural powers. I am an entertainer. I want to do

a good show. My entire character has changed."[45]

In a later interview, Geller told Telepolis, "I said to this German magazine, so what I did say, that I changed mycharacter, to the best of my recollection, and I no longer say that I do supernatural things. It doesn't mean that Idon't have powers. It means that I don't say 'it's supernatural', I say 'I'm a mystifier!' That's what I said. And the

sceptics turned it around and said, 'Uri Geller said he's a magician!' I never said that."[46] In that interview,Geller further explained that when he is asked how he does his stunts, he tells children to "Forget theparanormal. Forget spoon bending! Instead of that, focus on school! Become a positive thinker! Believe in

yourself and create a target! Go to university! Never smoke! And never touch drugs! And think of success!"[46]

In February 2008, Geller stated in the TV show The Next Uri Geller (a German version of The Successor)

that he did not have any supernatural powers, before winking to the camera.[47]

Parallels to stage magic

Geller admits, "Sure, there are magicians who can duplicate [my performances] through trickery."[48] He hasclaimed that even though his spoon bending can be repeated using trickery, he uses psychic powers to achieve

his results.[48] Skeptic James Randi has stated that if Geller is truly using his mind to perform these feats, "He is

doing it the hard way."[49]

Stage magicians note several methods of creating the illusion of a spoon spontaneously bending. Most common

is the practice of misdirection, an underlying principle of many stage magic tricks.[50] There are many ways inwhich a bent spoon can be presented to an audience as to give the appearance it was manipulated usingsupernatural powers. One way is through brief moments of distraction in which a magician can physically bend a

spoon unseen by the audience,[49] before gradually revealing the bend to create the illusion that the spoon is

bending before the viewers' eyes.[49] Another way is to pre-bend the spoon, perhaps by heating it, reducing the

amount of force that needed to be applied to bend it manually.[49]

During telepathic drawing demonstrations, Geller claimed the ability to read the minds of subjects as they draw apicture. Although in these demonstrations he cannot see the picture being drawn, he is sometimes present in theroom, and on these occasions can see the subjects as they draw. Critics argue this may allow Geller to infer

common shapes from pencil movement and sound, with the power of suggestion doing the rest.[50]

Watchmakers have noted that "many supposedly broken watches had merely been stopped by gummy oil, and

simply holding them in the hand would warm the oil enough to soften it and allow watches to resume ticking."[38]

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In 1978, Yasha Katz, who had been Geller's manager in Britain, said that all performances by Geller were

simply stage tricks, and he explained how they were really done.[2]

In November 2008, Geller accepted an award during a convention of magicians, the Services to Promotion ofMagic Award from the Berglas Foundation. In his acceptance speech, Geller said that if he hadn't had psychic

powers then he "must be the greatest" to have been able to fool journalists, scientists and Berglas himself.[51] InOctober 2012, Geller gave a lecture for magicians in the United States at the Genii Magazine 75th Birthday

Bash.[52]

Scientific testing

Geller's performances of drawing duplication and cutlery bending usually take place under informal conditionssuch as television interviews. During his early career he allowed some scientists to investigate his claims. A studyby Stanford Research Institute (now known as SRI International) conducted by researchers Harold E. Puthoff

and Russell Targ concluded[33] that he had performed successfully enough to warrant further serious study, and

the "Geller-effect" was coined to refer to the particular type of abilities they felt had been demonstrated.[53]

In An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural, Randi wrote: "HalPuthoff and Russell Targ, who studied Mr. Geller at the Stanford Research Institute were aware, in one instance

at least, that they were being shown a magician's trick by Geller."[54] Moreover, Randi explained, "Theirprotocols for this 'serious' investigation of the powers claimed by Geller were described by Dr. Ray Hyman,who investigated the project on behalf of the Department of Defense's Advanced Research Projects Agency, as

'sloppy and inadequate.'"[54] Puthoff and Targ complained in a book about Hyman's procedures. They hadsuggested that Hyman and colleagues visit SRI and conduct their own experiments on Geller. This they did, andHyman and his two colleagues spent ‘a couple of hours’ performing their own experiments on Geller. Hymanwould not have observed any testing by Puthoff and Targ. Hyman's experiments were observed and videotaped by Puthoff and Targ, who said that they were conducted in an ‘informal manner’ and ‘largely

uncontrolled’.[55]

Critics of this testing include psychologists Dr. David Marks and Dr. Richard Kammann, who published a

description of how Geller could have cheated in an informal test of his so-called psychic powers in 1977.[56]

Their 1978 article in Nature[57] and 1980 book The Psychology of the Psychic (2nd ed. 2000) describedhow a normal explanation was possible for Geller's alleged powers of telepathy. Marks and Kammann foundevidence that while at SRI, Geller was allowed to peek through a hole in the laboratory wall separating Gellerfrom the drawings he was being invited to reproduce. The drawings he was asked to reproduce were placed ona wall opposite the peep hole which the investigators Targ and Puthoff had stuffed with cotton gauze. In additionto this error, the investigators had also allowed Geller access to a two-way intercom enabling Geller to listen tothe investigators' conversation during the time when they were choosing and/or displaying the target drawings.These basic errors indicate the high importance of ensuring that psychologists, magicians or other people with anin-depth knowledge of perception, who are trained in methods for blocking sensory cues, be present during thetesting of psychics.

In 1974, William E. Cox organized a committee within the Society of American Magicians to 'investigate falseclaims of ESP'. Geller was tested by Cox, who was impressed by some positive test results which his scrutinycould find no fraud. For example, William E. Cox held a robust key with one finger on a table and watched as it

bent with Geller in view, and noticed no trickery.[58][59] Geller was to be tested by other two magicians from theSociety.

The Tonight Show

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Geller was unable to bend any tableware during a 1973 appearance on The Tonight Show in which the spoonshe was to bend had been pre-selected by Johnny Carson. When pressed by Carson, he claimed that he did notfeel "strong" that night. A former magician, Carson was skeptical of Geller's abilities and consulted James Randi

for advice on how to thwart potential trickery.[30] In 1993 Randi explained in "Secrets of the Psychics" for theNOVA television series: "I was asked to prevent any trickery. I told them to provide their own props and not tolet Geller or his people anywhere near them." A clip of this incident was televised on the NBC showPhenomenon. This two-minute clip has been widely circulated on the Internet since James Randi acquired

permission to use it from NBC and Carson paid for the videotape transfer.[60] In his television special Secretsof the Psychics, Geller is shown failing at psychic "hand dowsing" (i.e. locating sealed vessels containing waterwithout touching them), not metal bending.

Controversial performances

As part of a mass demonstration, Geller’s photograph appeared on the cover of the magazine ESP with thecaption "On Sept. 1, 1976 at 11pm E.D.T. THIS COVER CAN BEND YOUR KEYS." According to editorHoward Smukler, over 300 positive responses were received, many including bent objects and detaileddescriptions of the surrounding circumstances including the bending of the key to the city of Providence, Rhode

Island.[61]

Television presenter Noel Edmonds often used hidden cameras to record celebrities in Candid Camera-likesituations for his television programme, Noel's House Party. In 1996, Edmonds planned a stunt in whichshelves would fall from the walls of a room while Geller was in it. The cameras recorded footage of Geller fromangles he was not expecting, and they showed Geller grasping a spoon firmly with both hands as he stood up to

display a bend in it.[62]

In late 2006 and early 2007, Geller starred in The Successor, an Israeli television show to find his "successor."During one segment, a compass was made to move, purportedly as a result of Geller's paranormal abilities.However, critics say slow motion footage of the episode showed Geller attaching a magnet to his thumb

immediately prior to the compass's movement.[63][64] Geller denied that this was sleight of hand, and said he

welcomed the "mystical aura" that the publicity gave him.[65]

Geller performed the same compass trick in 2000 on ABC TV's The View, which was later duplicated by

Randi on the same show the following week.[66]

Litigation

Geller has litigated or threatened legal action against some of his critics with mixed success.[67] These includedlibel allegations against Randi and illusionist Gérard Majax.

In 1971, a mechanical engineering student called Uri Goldstein attended one of Geller's shows, andsubsequently sued the show's promoters for breach of contract. He complained that Geller had promised ademonstration of several psychic powers but had delivered only sleight-of-hand and stage tricks. The case came

before the civil court in Beersheba.[68] Geller was not present as the summons had been sent to the office of thepromoter Miki Peled, who had ignored it as being trivial. Goldstein was awarded 27.5 lira (around $5) forbreach of contract. Later, Goldstein admitted that he went to the show specifically with the intent of suing to get

his money back, and he had already found a lawyer to represent him prior to attending the performance.[69]

In a 1989 interview with a Japanese newspaper, Randi was quoted as saying that Geller had driven a scientist to"shoot himself in the head" after finding out that Geller had fooled him. Randi afterwards claimed it was a

metaphor lost in translation.[70] However, in a previous interview with a Canadian newspaper, Randi was

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quoted as saying essentially the same thing: "One scientist, a metallurgist, wrote a paper backing Geller's claimsthat he could bend metal. The scientist shot himself after I showed him how the key bending trick was done."

However, this was not a direct quotation from Randi, but a repeat of the Japanese newspaper account.[71] In1990, Geller sued Randi in a Japanese court over the statements published in the Japanese newspaper. Randiclaims that he could not afford to defend himself, therefore he lost the case by default. The court declaredRandi's statement an "insult" as opposed to libel, and awarded a token judgement against Randi, only "one-third

of one-percent of what he'd demanded"[72]). Since the charge of "insult" is only recognized in Chinese and

Japanese law, Randi was not required to pay.[72][73][74] Later in 1995 Geller agreed not to pursue payment of

the Japanese fine.[67] Randi maintains that he has "never paid even one dollar or even one cent to anyone who

ever sued" him.[74]

In 1992, Geller filed a $15 million suit against Randi and CSICOP for statements made in an International

Herald Tribune interview in April 9, 1991,[67][70] but he was unsuccessful because the statute of limitations had

expired.[67] In 1994 Geller asked to dismiss without prejudice, and he was ordered to pay $50,000 for thepublisher's attorney fees. After not paying in time, Geller was sanctioned with an additional $20,000. Due to thesanction, the suit was dismissed with prejudice, which, according to Randi's attorneys, means that Geller can't

pursue the same suit in any other jurisdiction.[67][75] In 1995 Geller and Randi announced that this settled "the

last remaining suits" between him and the CSICOP.[73] As part of the settlement, Geller agreed not to pursuethe payment of the 1990 Japanese ruling, in exchange for Prometheus Books inserting an errata on all future

editions of Physics and Psychics, correcting erroneous statements made about Geller.[73] According toMarcello Truzzi, Randi had spent all the money from his McArthur award, and his current attorney was working

pro bono.[67]

In 1991, Geller sued Timex Corporation and the advertising firm Fallon McElligott for millions in Geller v.

Fallon McElligott[76] over an ad showing a person bending forks and other items, but failing to stop a Timex

watch. Geller was sanctioned $149,000 for filing a frivolous lawsuit.[77]

In 1998, the Broadcasting Standards Commission (BSC) in the United Kingdom rejected a complaint made byGeller, saying that it "wasn't unfair to have magicians showing how they duplicate those 'psychic feats'" on theUK Equinox episode "Secrets of the Super Psychics" (this film, made by Open Media, was known on firsttransmission as Secrets of the Psychics but should not be confused with the earlier NOVA film of the same

name).[78] The full text of the BSC adjudication is available online here [3]

(http://www.openmedia.co.uk/urigeller.htm).[79]

He also considered a suit against IKEA over a furniture line featuring bent legs that was called the "Uri" line.[80]

Copyright claims

In November 2000, Geller sued video game company Nintendo for £60 million over the Pokémon character"Yungerer," localized in English as "Kadabra", which he claimed was an unauthorized appropriation of his

identity.[81][82] The Pokémon in question has psychic abilities and carries a bent spoon. Geller also claimed thatthe star on Kadabra's forehead and the lightning patterns on its abdomen are symbolisms popular with the

Waffen SS of Nazi Germany.[82] The katakana for the character's name, ユンゲラー, is visually similar to thetransliteration of Geller's own name into Japanese (ユリゲラー). He is quoted as saying: "Nintendo turned meinto an evil, occult Pokémon character. Nintendo stole my identity by using my name and my signature image."US District Judge Vaughn Walker dismissed Geller's complaint for want of jurisdiction.

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In 2007, Geller issued a DMCA notice to YouTube to remove a video uploaded by Brian Sapient of the"Rational Response Squad" which was excerpted from an episode of the Nova television program titled"Secrets of the Psychics". The video included footage of Geller failing to perform. In response, Sapientcontacted the Electronic Frontier Foundation, issued a DMCA counter-notice, and sued Geller for misuse of theDMCA. Geller's company, Explorologist, filed a counter-suit. Both cases were settled out of court; a monetarysettlement was paid (but it is not clear by and to whom) and the eight seconds of footage owned by

Explorologist were licensed under a noncommercial Creative Commons license.[83]

Lamb Island, Scotland

On 11 February 2009, Geller purchased the uninhabited 100-yard-by-50-yard Lamb Island off the easterncoast of Scotland, previously known for its witch trials, and beaches that Robert Louis Stevenson is said to havedescribed in his novel Treasure Island. Geller claims that buried on the island is Egyptian treasure, broughtthere by Scota, the half-sister of Tutankhamen 3,500 years ago and that he will find the treasure throughdowsing. Geller also claimed to have strengthened the mystical powers of the island by burying there a crystal

orb once belonging to Albert Einstein.[84][85]

Bibliography

Books by Geller, sold as fiction

Ella. Martinez Roca, March 1999. ISBN 0-7472-5920-8

Shawn. Goodyer Associates Ltd. ISBN 1-871406-09-9

Pampini. World Authors, 1980. ISBN 0-89975-000-1

Dead Cold. ISBN 0-7472-5921-6

Books by Geller, sold as nonfiction

My Story. Henry Holt & Company, Inc. (April 1975) ISBN 0-03-030196-3

Uri Geller and Guy Lyon Playfair. The Geller Effect. Grafton, Jonathan Cape, Hunter Publishing, (1988)

ISBN 0-586-07430-9 ISBN 978-0-586-07430-5

Uri Geller and Rabbi Shmuley Boteach. Confessions of a Psychic and a Rabbi. (Foreword by Deepak

Chopra) Element Books Ltd (March 2000) ISBN 1-86204-724-3

Uri Geller and Lulu Appleton. Mind Medicine. Element Books Ltd (October 1999) ISBN 1-86204-477-5

Uri Geller's Little Book of Mind Power. Robson Books (August 1999) ISBN 1-86105-193-X

Uri Geller's Mind Power Kit. Penguin USA (1996) ISBN 0-670-87138-9

Uri Geller's Fortune Secrets. (Edited with Simon Turnbull) Psychic Hotline Pty Limited (21 May 1987)

ISBN 0-7221-3812-1

Unorthodox Encounters. Chrysalis Books (2001) ISBN 1-86105-366-5

Books about Geller

Colin, Jim. The Strange Story of Uri Geller. Raintree, 1975 ISBN 0-8172-1037-7 (48 pages)

Ebon, Martin. The Amazing Uri Geller. Signet 1975. ISBN 0-451-06475-5

Ben Harris Gellerism Revealed. Micky Hades International 1985 ISBN 0-919230-92-X

Gardner, Martin. Confessions of a Psychic. (under the pseudonym "Uriah Fuller" (an allusion to Geller)

that purport to explain "how fake psychics perform seemingly incredible paranormal feats.") Karl Fulves,

1975.

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Gardner, Martin. Further Confessions of a Psychic. (under the pseudonym "Uriah Fuller") 1980.

Panati, Charles. The Geller Papers. Houghton Mifflin.

Puharich, Andrija, Uri: A Journal of the Mystery of Uri Geller. Anchor Press / Doubleday

Randi, James, The Truth About Uri Geller. Prometheus Books, 1982. ISBN 0-87975-199-1

Taylor, John G.. Superminds. Macmillian/PicadorWilhelm, John. In Search of Superman. Pocket Books, 1976. ISBN 0-671-80590-8

Wilson, Colin. The Geller Phenomenon. Aldus Books, 1976. ISBN 0-7172-8105-1

Comics

Guest appearance as a character in Daredevil #133, May 1976[86][87]

References

1. ^ "Uri Geller" (http://www.infoplease.com/biography/var/urigeller.html). Paranormalist.

2. ̂a b Randi, James (6 April 1978). "Geller a fake says ex-manager" (http://books.google.com/?

id=ko7Yy08C1PUC&pg=PA11). New Scientist 78 (1097): 11.

3. ^ Reply letter: Geller, Uri (1 June 1978). Geller replies (http://books.google.com/books?

id=K1N5vdiFwB0C&pg=PA614) 78 (1105). p. 614.

4. ^ "TP: "Forget the paranormal!"" (http://www.heise.de/tp/r4/artikel/27/27217/1.html). Heise.de. Retrieved2010-03-07.

5. ^ Swann, Yvonne (12 February 2010). "Me and my school photo: Uri Geller remembers bombs, curfews andshootings in Cyprus" (http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-1250577/Me-school-photo-Uri-Geller-remembers-bombs-curfews-shootings-Cyprus.html). Mail Online.

6. ^ Margolis, Jonathan (1998) Uri Geller Magician or Mystic, Orion Publishing Group, p. 13, ISBN 0-7528-1006-5.

7. ^ Randi, James (1982) The Truth About Uri Geller, New York: Prometheus Books, p. 9, ISBN 0-87975-199-1.

8. ^ Margolis, Jonathan (1999-12-29). "Nintendo faces £60m writ from Uri Geller"(http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,3945740,00.html). Guardian Unlimited (London: GuardianNews and Media Limited). Retrieved 2006-12-09. "... the 53-year-old former Israeli paratrooper has alwaysguarded unlicensed use of his name."

9. ^ Friedman, Matti (2006-12-28). "Bend it like Geller" (http://www.theage.com.au/news/tv--radio/bend-it-like-geller/2006/12/25/1166895234851.html). The Age (Melbourne). Associated Press. Retrieved 2011-02-15. "Heserved in the Israeli paratroops, was wounded in 1967’s Six-Day War..." (also in MSNBC [1](http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/16056135/ns/today-entertainment/) and possibly other sites)

10. ^ Geller, Uri and Playfair, Guy Lyon. Uri Geller, The Geller Effect. pp. 6, 27, 79, 133. "(p. 6) He served as aparatrooper during his military service in the Israeli Army and fought in the Six Day was of 1967, during whichhe was wounded in action. (p. 27) I am not particularly found of guns as weapons, having been wounded byone (...) (p. 79) In 1979 I finally married Hanna, whom I had known for more than ten years since we first metwhile I was convalescing from the wounds I received during the Six Day War of 1967. (p. 133) He showed methe large scar where he had been operated on after being wounded in the Six Day War. It was close to his leftelbow joint, and the stitch marks were easily visible. 'I'm not strong in this arm at all,' he added. 'I can't evenlift a heavy suitcase with it'"

11. ^ The Magician And the Think Tank (http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,944639,00.html?promoid=googlep), Time (magazine) Mar. 12, 1973

12. ̂a b "Telepathist Geller Termed a Fraud," Jerusalem Post 5 October 1970

13. ^ Margolis, Jonathan (1998). Uri Geller. Magician or Mystic?: Orinon Media.ISBN 0-7528-1006-5. pages92,103,107, 112,118,

14. ̂a b Geller, Uri (November 8, 2000). "Geller: I can bend metal"(http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4087777,00.html). London: The Guardian. Retrieved 2007-10-17.

15. ^ "Cyberspace Psychic" (http://www.uri-geller.com/totallyjewish1.htm). Totally Jewish. 2000-07-25. Retrieved2007-10-05.

16. ̂a b c "The skeptic's Dictionary: Uri Geller" (http://skepdic.com/geller.html). Skepdic.com. Retrieved 2010-03-

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16. ̂a b c "The skeptic's Dictionary: Uri Geller" (http://skepdic.com/geller.html). Skepdic.com. Retrieved 2010-03-07.

17. ^ "13" (http://www.uri-geller.com/books/my-story/ms13.htm). Uri-geller.com. Retrieved 2010-03-07.

18. ^ "Uri Geller accused of TV trickery" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6285005.stm). BBC. 21January 2007. Retrieved 2007-03-30.

19. ^ "NBC Offers Reality Show For Wanna-Be Mentalists With Uri Geller, Criss Angel"(http://web.archive.org/web/20071020050232/http://www.tbo.com/entertainment/tv/MGBYA18H74F.html).Tampa Tribune. July 17, 2007. Archived from the original(http://www.tbo.com/entertainment/tv/MGBYA18H74F.html) on 2007-10-20. Retrieved 2007-08-07.

20. ^ "The Next Uri Geller" (http://www.prosieben.de/show_comedy/next_uri_geller/). Pro7. Retrieved 2008-01-08.

21. ^ Hopewell, John (31 March 2008). "Knowledge powers Mip TV slate"(http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117983237.html?categoryid=19&cs=1&nid=2562). Variety.

22. ^ "Ο ΔΙΑΔΟΧΟΣ ΤΟΥ URI GELLER" (http://www.antenna.gr/webtv/categories?cid=3119). Antenna.gr. 30December 2009.

23. ^ "Uri Geller mystified by letterbox on Thames Sonning Bridge" (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-berkshire-24028902). BBC. 2013.

24. ^ "TV2V" (http://webcast.tv2.hu/dynamic/f.html?video_id=374195). Webcast.tv2.hu. Retrieved 2010-03-07.

25. ^ "Anorexic men are suffering in silence" (http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-60353334.html). Daily Record(Glasgow, Scotland). 1 January 1999.

26. ^ Geller, Uri (2008-04-20). "Uri Geller: Bingeing is an addictive drug"(http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2008/04/21/nprescott321.xml). London: The DailyTelegraph.

27. ^ "Jackson fans await Geller wedding" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/1206918.stm). BBC. 2001-03-07. Retrieved 2007-03-30.

28. ^ "Jackson interview seen by 14m" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/2719763.stm).BBC. 4 February 2003. Retrieved 2007-03-30.

29. ^ "ITV announce 'My Friend Michael Jackson: Uri's Story' @ Unreality Primetime"(http://primetime.unrealitytv.co.uk/itv-announce-my-friend-michael-jackson-uris-story/).Primetime.unrealitytv.co.uk. 2009-07-17. Retrieved 2010-03-07.

30. ̂a b Frum, David (2000). How We Got Here: The '70s. New York, New York: Basic Books. p. 132. ISBN 0-465-04195-7.

31. ̂a b "Uri Geller Twirls the Entire World on His Little Finger; Only His Closest Acquaintances Know HisMethods," Haolam Hazeh, 1974-02-20

32. ^ Randi, James (2004-04-30). "Boring, Boring, Boring"(http://web.archive.org/web/20080217221137/http://www.randi.org/jr/043004bad.html). James RandiEducational Foundation. Retrieved 2008-01-17.

33. ̂a b Targ, R.; Puthoff, H. (1974). "Information transmission under conditions of sensory shielding". Nature

251 (5476): 602–607. doi:10.1038/251602a0 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2F251602a0). PMID 4423858(//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4423858).

34. ^ "Richard Feynman on Uri Geller" (http://www.indian-skeptic.org/html/fey2.htm). Indian-skeptic.org. 1997-10-23. Retrieved 2010-03-07.

35. ^ Geller v. Randi, US Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia, 1994.

36. ^ Gardner, Martin (1989) [1981]. Science: Good, Bad & Bogus. Prometheus Books. ISBN 0-87975-573-3.

37. ^ Feynman, Richard (1985). Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!, p. 339

38. ̂a b Rensberger, Boyce (13 December 1975) "Magicians Term Israeli 'Psychic' a Fraud," The New YorkTimes, p. 59

39. ̂a b Lorraine, Veronica (2007-04-01). "The Curse of Uri Geller"(http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/41238/The-curse-of-Uri-Geller.html). The Sun (London).Retrieved 2007-04-01.

40. ^ "The Curse of Uri Geller"(http://web.archive.org/web/20080211134918/http://www.randi.org/jr/062703.html). James Randi EducationalFoundation. 2003-07-27. Retrieved 2007-04-01.

41. ^ "Home of the Daily and Sunday Express | UK News :: Scots pyramid island a bargain for psychic Uri"(http://www.express.co.uk/posts/view/84410/Scots-pyramid-island-a-bargain-for-psychic-Uri). Express.co.uk.2009-02-12. Retrieved 2010-03-07.

42. ^ "Commentary, 7 September 2001 — Reluctant Wizard, Sylvia Browne — At Last, and Geller in Hungary"

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42. ^ "Commentary, 7 September 2001 — Reluctant Wizard, Sylvia Browne — At Last, and Geller in Hungary"(http://web.archive.org/web/20080212200327/http://www.randi.org/jr/090701.html). Randi.org. Retrieved2010-03-07.

43. ^ "psi-missing" (http://skepdic.com/psimiss.html). Skepdic.com. Retrieved 2010-03-07.

44. ^ Record-breaking cyclist killed (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/638297.stm). BBC News (2000-02-10).Retrieved on 2013-08-17.

45. ^ Randi, James (2008-01-18). "Geller Reversal" (http://www.randi.org/site/index.php/swift-blog/149-swift-january-18-2008.html#i1). James Randi Educational Foundation.

46. ̂a b "Forget the paranormal!" (http://www.heise.de/tp/r4/artikel/27/27217/1.html). Telepolis. 2008-02-05.

47. ^ "The next Uri Geller – Unglaubliche Phänomene Live". 2008-02-05. ProSieben.

48. ̂a b "Uri Geller – A Sceptical Perspective" (http://simon-jones.org.uk/uri-geller-sceptical-interview/).WordSmith. October 1996. Retrieved 2006-10-12.

49. ̂a b c d Interview with James Randi in NOVA episode, "Secrets of the Psychics".

50. ̂a b Harris, Ben The Second Coming Psychics: All the Best from Skeptic 1986–1990(http://web.archive.org/web/20060819083928/http://skeptics.com.au/journal/2ndcoming/psychics.pdf),skeptics.com.au, p. 8

51. ^ Service To Magic Award [2] (http://www.magicconventionguide.com/2008/uri-geller-recieves-the-berglas-foundation-services-to-promotion-of-magic-award/), accessed 3 December 2008. "Lets say I wasn’t real, letssay for the last years I’ve fooled the journalists, the scientists, my family, my friends... You... If I managed tofool them, I must be the greatest...I cannot bend spoons like some of the magicians, you, can, it blows mymind when I see that, I have no idea. I had the idea and cheekiness to call it psychic, in fact all I wanted was tobe rich and famous."

52. ^ Linking Ring Magazine. August 2012, p. 9

53. ^ "The Geller Papers" (http://www.uri-geller.com/books/geller-papers/gpap.htm). UriGeller.com. 2007.Retrieved 2007-03-28.

54. ̂a b Randi, James (1995). "An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural"(http://www.randi.org/encyclopedia/Geller,%20Uri.html). St. Martin's Press. Retrieved 2007-03-28.

55. ^ Targ, Russell and Puthoff, Harold E. (2005) Mind Reach – Scientists look at psychic abilities, HamptonRoads Publishing Company, p. 173, ISBN 1571744142.

56. ^ Marks, David and Kammann, Richard (Summer 1977) "The Non-Psychic Powers of Uri Geller." Skeptical

Inquirer, 1(2): 9–17.

57. ^ Marks, D.; Kammann, R. (1978). "Information transmission in remote viewing experiments". Nature 274(5672): 680. doi:10.1038/274680a0 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2F274680a0).

58. ^ A preliminary scrutiny of Uri Geller (http://www.urigeller.com/books/geller-papers/g12.htm), William E. Cox

59. ^ Cox, William. E. "A scrutiny of Uri Geller" (http://www.zem.demon.co.uk/cox.htm). In J. D. Morris, W. G.Roll, & R. L. Morris. Research in Parapsychology 1974: Abstracts and Papers from the 17th AnnualConvention of the Parapsychological Association, 1974. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press. pp. 63–66.

60. ^ "Swift – March 30, 2007" (http://web.archive.org/web/20080208184924/http://www.randi.org/jr/2007-03/032307hope.html). 2007-03-30. Retrieved 2007-12-22.James Randi discusses obtaining the clip of Uri Gelleron The Tonight Show.

61. ^ "Geller Experiment Successful – ESP Magazine" (http://www.zem.demon.co.uk/espsucc.htm).Zem.demon.co.uk. Retrieved 2010-03-07.

62. ^ "James Randi exposes Uri Geller" (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rdTqpscvaw4&feature=related).Youtube. Retrieved 2010-07-27. Excerpt from "James Randi's Solved Mysteries Workshop", a talk given byRandi during the 1998 Skeptics Society Convention.

63. ^ Uri Geller Exposed on Rffi Reshef with Compass Trick (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MVKNWgCGMd4)Youtube

64. ^ "James Randi's Swift – February 09, 2007"(http://web.archive.org/web/20080208184911/http://www.randi.org/jr/2007-02/020209morebrowne.html#i7).Randi.org. Retrieved 2010-03-07.

65. ^ "Entertainment | Uri Geller accused of TV trickery" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6285005.stm).BBC News. 2007-01-21. Retrieved 2010-03-07.

66. ^ Randi, James (2000-01-26). "The Moving Compass Trick"(http://web.archive.org/web/20090127004101/http://randi.org/jr/01-26-2000.html). James Randi EducationalFoundation. Retrieved 2007-03-30.

67. ̂a b c d e f Truzzi, Marcello (May 1996). "Psi Researcher"(http://web.archive.org/web/20080602021158/http://66.221.71.68/psir.htm). Psi Researcher, the

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(http://web.archive.org/web/20080602021158/http://66.221.71.68/psir.htm). Psi Researcher, theParapsychological Association newsletter (21). Archived from the original (http://66.221.71.68/psir.htm) on 2June 2008. mirror(http://www.rr0.org/data/1/9/9/6/05/AnEndToTheUriGellerVsRandiCsicopLitigations/index.html)

68. ^ Randi, James (1982) The Truth About Uri Geller, Prometheus Books, pp. viii, 198, 215, ISBN 0-87975-199-1. Randi quotes "Legerdemain ruled breach of contract", Jerusalem Post, 5 January 1971. Quoted in AnApology from James Randi (http://www.urigeller.com/courts.htm) Urigeller.com.

69. ^ Margolis, Jonathan (1998) Uri Geller Magician or Mystic, Orion Publishing Group, p. 113, ISBN 0-7528-1006-5,

70. ̂a b Cuckoos and Cocoa Puffs by Carol Krol (http://www.skepticfiles.org/randi/legal.htm) Skeptical Eye –Vol. 8, No. 3, 1995, a newsletter published by the National Capital Area Skeptics (NCAS)

71. ^ Orwen, Patricia (August 23, 1986) The Amazing Randi (http://zammoth-jamesrandi.blogspot.com/), TorontoStar. page M.1

72. ̂a b "Randi's Geller Hotline for 1994: Recent Legal Developments"(http://www.randi.org/hotline/1994/0048.html). Randi.org. 1994-12-11. Retrieved 2010-03-07.

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74. ̂a b Randi, James (2007-02-09). "More Geller Woo-Woo"(http://web.archive.org/web/20080208184911/http://www.randi.org/jr/2007-02/020209morebrowne.html#i6).SWIFT Newsletter. James Randi Educational Foundation. Retrieved 2007-01-29.

75. ^ Geller, Uri (August 1994). "Uri Geller Libel Suit Dismissed"(http://web.archive.org/web/20080211180550/csicop.org/articles/uri_dis.html). Committee for SkepticalInquiry. Archived from the original (http://www.csicop.org/articles/uri_dis.html) on 2008-04-03. Retrieved2006-12-08. "Self proclaimed "psychic" Uri Geller had to dismiss a multi-million dollar libel suit and has to payover $20,000 in sanctions in an action he brought against skeptical book publisher Prometheus Books ofAmherst, New York."

76. ^ (No. 90-Civ-2839, 22 July 1991)

77. ^ "Recent Legal Developments" (http://www.randi.org/hotline/1994/0048.html). James Randi EducationalFoundation. 1994-12-11. Retrieved 2007-11-01.

78. ^ Blackmore, Susan (November–December, 1998). "UK broadcast commission rejects Geller's 'Secrets of thePsychics' complaint" (http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2843/is_n6_v22/ai_21275515). SkepticalInquirer. Retrieved 2007-03-11.

79. ^ "BSC" (http://www.openmedia.co.uk/urigeller.htm). Openmedia.co.uk. Retrieved 2010-03-07.

80. ^ Margolis, Jonathan (1999-12-29). "Nintendo faces £60m writ from Uri Geller"(http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,3945740,00.html). London: Guardian Unlimited. Retrieved2007-07-10.

81. ^ "Uri Geller sues Pokemon" (http://news.zdnet.co.uk/emergingtech/0,1000000183,2076058,00.htm). Retrieved2007-05-30.

82. ̂a b "Geller sues Nintendo over Pokémon" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/1003454.stm). BBCNews. 2000-11-02. Retrieved 2007-05-30.

83. ^ Sapient v. Geller (https://www.eff.org/cases/sapient-v-geller), Electronic Frontier Foundation

84. ^ Wall Street Journal, August 23, 2010, 1. The article quoted Geller as saying that "I'm certain there are ancientEgyptian artifacts there. It's only a matter of time until we find them."

85. ^ "Spoon-bender buys Scottish island"(http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/edinburgh_and_east/7883836.stm). BBC News. 2009-02-11.

86. ^ Let’S Level With Daredevil (http://www.uri-geller.com/daredev.htm). Uri-geller.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-17.

87. ^ Uri Geller (http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0312414/). imdb.com

External links

Uri Geller (http://www.uri-geller.com) – official siteGeller, Uri (http://www.randi.org/encyclopedia/Geller,%20Uri.html) in An Encyclopedia of Claims,

Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and SupernaturalUri Geller – biography (http://site.uri-geller.com/en/uri_geller_s_short_biography)

22. 12. 2013. Uri Geller - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uri_Geller 13/13

Uri Geller (http://skepdic.com/geller.html) listed in The Skeptic's DictionaryUri Geller (http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0312414/) at the Internet Movie Database

Media

Alleged "Psychic" Uri Geller loses libel suit against Prometheus Books(http://www.csicop.org/articles/uri_dis.html) from Committee for Skeptical Inquiry

Broadcasting Standards Commission adjudication on Geller's complaint against(http://www.openmedia.co.uk/urigeller.htm) TV programme "Secrets of the Psychics"Uri Geller Knows You (http://urigellerknowsyou.com)

Archival Materials

Colin Wilson Papers (http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt6x0nf578/) (2 document boxes)housed at the Eaton Collection of Science Fiction and Fantasy (http://eaton.ucr.edu/) of the University of

California, Riverside Libraries. This collection Includes original manuscripts and other materials writtenand collected by Wilson regarding Uri Geller.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uri_Geller&oldid=586258996"Categories: 1946 births Living people Dowsing I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK) contestants

Israeli bloggers Israeli expatriates in the United Kingdom Israeli expatriates in Greece

Israeli male film actors Israeli Jews Israeli magicians Israeli pacifists Israeli people of Hungarian descent

Israeli people of Austrian descent Israeli psychics Israeli television personalities

Jewish Israeli male actors Jewish pacifists New Age writers Parapsychology

People claiming to have psychokinetic abilities People from Sonning People from Tel Aviv Telepaths

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