Urbanization

Definition

3

1

2

Urbanization in Germany

Urbanization worldwide

4

2

Conclusion

Agenda

Definition Urbanization is

,,the process by which more and more people leave the countryside to live in

cities.”

(Cambridge Dictionary)

Definition Mega City City with minimum 5m inhabitants [Istanbul, London, Moscow, St.Petersburg]

Mega Region City plus suburbs with minimum 10m inhabitants

Meta City City with more than 20m inhabitants

Global City finacial and economic country‘s

centre, not related to population [Frankfurt, London, Paris, Zurich]

Definition

3

1

5

Urbanization in Germany

Urbanization worldwide

4

2

Conclusion

Development

Growth in world population 1950 2,5 bn 2015 7,2 bn 2050 9,3 bn Growth of people living in urban areas 1950 30% 2015 50% 2050 70%

Mega City

World‘s fastest growing city

Nigeria’s capital had around 2 million inhabitants in the 1970’s, but today it boasts 16 million people with a growth rate of 85 new Lagosians per hour. 2030 expected population = 24,24m

Lagos

Meta City

Jing-Jin-Ji World‘s future biggest city with 130 Million inhabitants

Reasons for the construction Improving air quality, reducing time for commuting, decreasing prosperity difference between rural and urban area

Reasons for Urbanization

• Growth of Population

• Economic Development

Push-Factors

• Poverty

• Loss of workplaces in the agricultural sector

• Lack of educational institutions

Pull-Factors

• Access to food,water and medical treatment

• Better infastructure

• Networks in urban areas

Solution Approaches

Reducing the population growth Birth Control 75m annualy pregnancies due to the lack of contraception Higher taxes from the 2nd child on/ reduction of child benefits

Investing in rural areas Tax incentives to increase attractiveness for companies

Fighting corruption As a prerequisite to receive financial support from other countries

Definition

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Urbanization in Germany

Urbanization worldwide

4

2

Conclusion

Reasons for Urbanization

Raising Student‘s Quote 2000 33,3% 2015 55,5% Shutting down of companies/subsidiaries Opel (Bochum), Praktiker (Kirkel), Karstadt (Essen), Auguste Victoria (Marl), Nokia (Bochum), CocaCola (Landshut) Mass Migration 2015 1,1mio 2016 0,7 mio

Development of Population 2012-2030

Germany‘s biggest cities 2015 2030 +

Berlin 3,52 3,90 10,8%

Munich 1,45 1,54 6,2%

Cologne 1,03 1,11 7,8%

Frankfurt 0,73 0,81 11,0%

Impacts • Increasing Traffic in city centres

• Rising costs for housing

e.g. Munich 2005-2015: raise of rent: 50%

• Raise of unemployment rate

• Poverty

• Increasing criminality

• Social unrest

Solution Approaches

6,4 m2 = 100 Euro

Solution Approaches

Smart Home City

Establishment of a new town that accomodates refugees

Definition

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Urbanization in Germany

Urbanization worldwide

4

2

Conclusion

Conclusion

• Urbanization is strongly connected to the growth of population!

• Urbanization is a worldwide challenge!

• Governments must develop concepts to avoid overpopulation in the cities and underpopulation in the rural areas!

• Governments must create incentives for companies to build up subsidiaries in rural areas!

Thank you very much for your

attention!

Sources Desjardins, Jeff (2015): Mapped: The world’s fastest growing cities in: http://www.visualcapitalist.com/mapped-the-worlds-fastest-growing-cities/ (as of 12.03.2017) Financial Times (2010): From megacities to metacities in: https://www.ft.com/content/e388a076-38d6-11df-9998-00144feabdc0 (as of 16.03.2017) McKinsey (2016): Creating a ‘smart city’ from the ground up in India in: http://www.mckinsey.com/industries/capital-projects-and-infrastructure/our-insights/creating-a-smart-city-from-the-ground-up-in-india (as of 16.03.2017) N.N. (2013): What is urbanization? in: http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-solutions-urbanization.php (as of 12.03.2017)

Sources Spiegel (2015): China plant 130 Millionen Megacity in: http://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/soziales/peking-soll-zentrum-von-130-millionen-stadt-jing-jin-ji-werden-a-1044834.html (as of 17.03.2017) Tagesspiegel (2016): Berliner Architekt baut 100-Euro-Behausungen in: http://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/wohnraum-in-berlin-berliner-architekt-baut-100-euro-behausungen/14978988.html (as of 11.03.2017) Tagesspiegel (2015): Der Run auf die Metropolen in: http://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/bevoelkerungsentwicklung-der-run-auf-die-metropolen/12186496.html (as of 26.02.2017) Welt (2015): Willkommen in Neu-Aleppo, der Stadt für Flüchtlinge in: https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article147740932/Willkommen-in-Neu-Aleppo-der-Stadt-fuer-Fluechtlinge.html (as of 17.03.2017)