Urbanisation in India: Trends, opportunities and smart cities

Urbanization in India: Trends, opportunities and smart cities

Urbanization in India

• Population and economic growth has fostered urbanization in the country and the number of urban towns and cities have drastically increased. This growth is expected to continue in the years to come and India has to step up its game in order to catch up with this kind of change. Investments have to be made in order to better serve the country.

UNIT 1/CE8004-URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT/BASIC ISSUES

Trends supporting urbanisation in

India

• Private cities are now expanding due to the support of private companies. Private developers are building private housing projects that will exponentially grow in the years to come.

• The Delhi-Mumbai Corridor is an infrastructure program set to develop ‘Smart Cities’ and combine next-generation technology with infrastructural development.


• Special Economic Zones dot the landscape of India. Each of these zones is focused on a particular sector such as IT, apparel and fashion, or petroleum and petrochemical industries.

• Industrial townships are built to house employees close to the factories and manufacturing plants at which they work. After the success of the pioneering industrial township - Tata’s Steel Town - the government is planning on developing more like it.


Spatial planning in India

• A new institution named National Institution for Transforming India (Hindi: NITI Aayog, Policy Commission) is a new planning system which aims to target cooperation and active participation in the economic policy-making process led by the State governments of India. This NITI Aoyag was made to replace the dated Planning Commission of India.


India's Seven Mission Program

• 100 Smart Cities Mission

• AMRUT stands for ‘Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation’

• HRIDAY (National Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana)

• Sardar Patel National Urban Housing mission

• National Mission on sustainable habitat

• Clean India mission

• National urban information system


Opportunities in India’s urban

infrastructure • In order to face the challenges of urbanization,

infrastructures need to be improved. Unfortunately, rapid population growth and a lack of adequate investment is making urban infrastructure growth slow.


• Affordable housing in India • India is facing a house shortage in urban areas at the moment and more

housing would be required in order to meet future demand. This demand comes from the economically weaker section due to lack of housing policies. Some parts in India have introduced public-private-partnership policies, which have led to the development of housing.

• Transport business opportunities in India • Private mode of transport is dominant in India. There is a heavy reliance

on private transport that has led to the congestion of roads and increasing commuting time and pollution. Road networks therefore need to increase because of the influx of these vehicles.

• On a separate note, public mode of transport is gradually decreasing in terms of popularity. In an effort to improve the urban transport situation in India, new metro rail networks have been developed.


Water and wastewater management in India • The water supply in India faces several issues and the water and

wastewater management in the country needs to be improved. The government though has made initiatives to improve water supplies establishing projects for selected areas.

• Sewage and sanitation is also facing a dilemma in India at the moment. Nevertheless, projects to further improve this is currently a work in progress.

Power and power infrastructure requirements in India • Increasing urbanization has led to increasing demand in energy

consumption. India greatly needs to increase their power-generating capacity and develop new ways of generating power.


India's 13 benchmarks for smart cities

The Indian Government’s Union Ministry of Urban Development identified

13 benchmarks for smart cities. These benchmarks include the following: 1. Transport: maximum travel time of 30-45 minutes depending on city size. 2. Spatial Planning: 175 people per hectare along transit corridors. 3. Water Supply: includes covering all households and providing water 24/7. 4. Sewage Sanitation: covers all households. 5. Solid Waste Management: 100% collection and recycling of solid waste. 6. Storm Water Drainage: 100% rainwater harvesting. 7. Electricity: includes covering all households and providing electricity 24/7 with 100% metering, and many more. 8. Telephone Connections: covers all households. 9. Wi-fi Connectivity: covers all cities. 10. Healthcare Facilities: establishment of intermediate and multispecialty hospitals. 11. Education: the set-up of educational institutions. 12. Firefighting: 1 fire station per lakh population/5-7 km radius. 13. Others: renewable energy, green buildings.


The 20 India smart cities • Bhubaneshwar, Odisha

• Pune, Maharashtra

• Jaipur, Rajasthan

• Surat, Gujarat

• Kochi, Kerala

• Ahmedabad, Gujarat

• Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh

• Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh

• Solapur, Maharashtra

• Davangere, Karnataka

• Indore, Madhya Pradesh

• New Delhi Municipal Corporation

• Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu

• Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh

• Belagavi, Karnataka

• Udaipur, Rajasthan

• Guwahati, Assam

• Chennai, Tamil Nadu

• Ludhiana, Punjab

• Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh


Urbanisation in India: Trends, opportunities and smart cities

Documents

Transcript of Urbanisation in India: Trends, opportunities and smart cities