Urban Storm Water Management: possible catalyst for moving towards a Water Sensitive City -...

DS²BE30th of April 2014

Urban Storm Water Management:

possible catalyst for moving towards a Water Sensitive City

Catalina-Codruta Dobre (Architect & Doctoral Researcher ULB LoUIsE & HABITER)

CONTACT: [email protected]

Promoter: Prof.D.Luisa Moretto

habiter

30/ 04 / 2014 2 WATER SENSITIVE CITY // DS²BEhabiter

_1 DOCTORAL RESEARCHER PROfILE

2006

Master Architecture ULB

Internship_Kazakhstan

,QWHUQVKLS�$UFKLWHFWXUH�2I¿FHVB%UXVVHOV

PhD ULB

full TIme

Doctoral Researcher

RAW Association

Risk & Architecture Workshop

UAUIM Bucharest

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

OCTjAN jANjANjAN jULjULjULSEP


Urban Storm Water Management:possible catalyst for moving towards a Water Sensitive City

_ 1 WATER AND URBANITy

_ 2 STORM WATER MANAgEMENT,

A LINK BETWEEN THE vISIBLE AND THE HIDDEN CITy

_ 3 WHAT IS THE WATER SENSITIvE CITy?

_ 4 RESEARCH qUESTION AND OBjECTIvES

_ 5 METHODOLOgy


_ WATER conditions the URBANITy, in the way it is supplied, circulates

and it is eliminated from the urban environment (Swyngedouw, 2004)

_ BALANCE between WATER and URBANITy is determined by:

_ the capacity of urban planning procedures and hydrological models’ performance to

integrate factors from climate change, demographical variations, new technological

discoveries and urban growth

(Zevenbergen, Cashman, & Evelpidou, 2010)

_ the link between human water-related activities and

the other of water-dependent ecosystems

(Carmon and Shamir 2010)

_1 WATER AND URBANITy


vISIBLE CITy

STORM

WATER

HIDDEN CITy

_2 STORM WATER

makes the direct connection between THE vISIBLE and THE HIDDEN CITy


_ STORM WATER AS A RESSOURCE AND AS A HAZARD

_ REgIONS WITH HIgH RISK Of NATURAL DISASTERS

( e.g. typhoon and tsunami in japan & french Atlantic Coast)

_ REgIONS WITH A MEDIUM RISK Of NATURAL DISASTERS

( e.g. water scarcity and water salinisation in Barcelona )

_ REgIONS WITH A MEDIUM RISK Of NATURAL DISASTERS

�H�J��XUEDQ�ÀRRGLQJ�LQ�%UXVVHOV�


_BRUSSELS_PLACE fLAgEy_STORM WATER MANAgEMENT


Source: Photgrapher Catalina Dobre & http://www.borges.be/photo/LUIS/

_BRUSSELS_PLACE fLAgEy_STORM WATER MANAgEMENT


Business Wastewater

TranspirationEvaporation

Condensation

Roof and Area Drains


Streat Storm Drains

Storm water

Sewer Sewer

Combined Sewer

Treated Water

PublicWaterway(SurfaceWater)

Combined Sewer Outfall

Combined SanitaryWaste &Storm Water

Weir WallOverflow Structure

Flow to WastewaterTreatment Facility

ResidentialWastewater

WastewaterTreatment Facility

DrinkingWater

Surface run-off

_STORM WATER MANAgEMENT_BRUSSELS


Business Wastewater

TranspirationEvaporation

Condensation


Streat Storm new rivers

SewerDrinkingWater

Residential to Industrial Sewer

Sewer

Treated Water

Wetland

PublicWaterway(SurfaceWater)

SanitaryWaste Water

Flow to WastewaterTreatment Facility

1st phase of treatement

2nd phase of treatment

ResidentialWastewater

WastewaterTreatment Facility

Storm water

_SENSITIvE STORM WATER MANAgEMENT


_3 WATER SENSITIvE CITy

_ Developed in Australia, in an extreme climate with a high rate of water related hazards

_ Balance between water and urbanity through a series of conceptual recommendations

_avoid and recover after water related hazards

_to adapt to climate change and urban growth

_express the community’s values and aspirations in relation with water

_ Brings closer water management and urban planning


_ By improving STORM WATER MANAgEMENT, you increase urban liveability

(Wong & Brown, 2009)

_ Previous practices:

_ North America Best Management in Practice,

_ UK Sustainable Urban Drainage

_ french speaking community as Alternative Measure to Surface run-off

_ Resource for human life and urbanity

B��5LVN�RI�ÀRRGLQJ�DV�DQ�RSSRUWXQLW\

_ At the ground level and not underground

_ Change in mentality and practice


BUT....

SENSITIvE STORM WATER MANAgEMENT PRACTICES were applied just in isolated

cases, due to:

_ Concept elaborated for extreme climates / high rates of water related hazards

_ Different terminologies, similar directions - Lack of general recognition

_ Concept vs Effectiveness

_4 RESEARCH qUESTIONS AND OBjECTIvES


_ MAIN OBjECTIvE

To evaluate the capacity of ‘water sensitivity’ to bring new insights to storm water

management practices

through an ASSESSMENT TOOL

comprising indicators from:

WATER MANAgEMENT,

PERCEPTIONS Of WATER IN THE CITy,

WATER gOvERNANCE.


_ ADDIACENT OBjECTIvES

to position the concept of WATER SENSITIvE CITy within the evolution of contemporary

models for the city.

WR�GH¿QH�STORM WATER’S BENEfITS in the urban water cycle by combining systemic

(techincal concerns) and anthropological (urban perceptions)

to introduce different perspectives into the process of DECISION-MAKINg.


B�$�'H¿QLWLRQ�RI�CRITERIA fOR SELECTINg indicators through the analysis of the

concept of sensitive storm water management

_ B COMPOSITION Of AN ASSESSMENT TOOL through the investigation of available

indicators from water management, perception and water governance

_ C TESTINg THE ASSESSMENT TOOL to selected case studies

_5 METHODOLOgy


A CRITERIA fOR SELECTINg INDICATORS

_Theoretical framework

B'H¿QH�WKH�FRQFHSW�RI�µZDWHU�VHQVLWLYLW\¶�WKURXJK�D�KLVWRULFDO�DSSURDFK�RQ�WKH�HYROXWLRQ�of city models. (Sustainable City, Ecopolis ans Resilient City)

(folke et al., 2010; Karvonen, 2011; Thompson & Steiner, 1997)

B%HQH¿WV�DQG�/LPLWDWLRQ�RI�VHQVLWLYH�VWRUP�ZDWHU�PDQDJHPHQW�WR�WKH�XUEDQ�ZDWHU�cycle by combining systemic and anthropological approaches (‘urban metabolism’ and

‘the meaning of water’)

(gandy, 2004; Strang, 2004)


THE CONCEPT Of ‘WATER SENSITIvITy’

SEARCHINg fOR BALANCE BETWEEN WATER AND URBANITy

Bacteriological

City

Sanitary

City

Wate

r

Managem

ent

and E

colo

gy

Urb

an f

orm

and U

rban P

lannin

g

Modern

City

Compact

City

Sustainable CitySustainable City

Resilient City

Ecopolis

Water Sensitive

City

1850

1900

1950

1970

2000

1990


WATER SENSITIvE URBAN DESIgN is the process and

WATER SENSITIvE CITy is the outcome


Rain water harvesting and treatmentex.Postdamer Platz, Berlin

Source (Hoyer, Dickhaut, Kronwitter, & Weber, 2011)


Surface urban drainage system e.g. Marina Zona franca. Barcelona

Source Photographer: Catalina Dobre


Rain water Pavilionex. friche Eggevoort, Bruxelles

Source PUM association website: http://pumproject.wordpress.com


_ fURTHER OBjECTIvES

_Criteria for selecting indicators for sensitive storm water management practices

B:KDW�DUH�WKH�FKDOOHQJHV�DQG�EHQH¿WV�WR�DFKLHYH�µZDWHU�VHQVLWYLW\¶"

_Atlas of the urban water cycle, with Brussels as case study based on technical

questions and questions of perceptions


_ B. COMPOSITION Of AN ASSESSMENT TOOL

_ Critical review of available indicators (Storm water management, Urban perceptions

Water governance)

_ Selection of indicators based upon the available indicators and the criteria developed in

WKH�¿UVW�SDUW

_ Objective: Assessment tool for sensitive storm water management practices


_ C. TESTINg THE ASSESSMENT TOOL

_ Empirical work is conducted in order to evaluate the limits of the previously elaborated

assessment tool

_ Objective: validate the assessment tool for sensitive storm water management

practices to the European context



_ Water and Urbanity / Storm Water

Water Sensitive City / Water Sensitive Urban Design

_ Assessment Tool for sensitive storm water management practices

_ Criteria for selection indicators / Composing and Testing Assessment tool

_ Limits of the study


REfERENCES

MAPS AND gRAPHICS:

%DVHG�RQ��6W�/RXLV�0&'��&OHDQ�5LYHU�+HDOWK\��$YDLODEOH�DW��KWWS��HFREURRNO\Q�FRP�ZSFRQWHQW�XSORDGV��&RPELQH:DVWH:DWHU2YHUÀRZ�MSHJ� Urbis map: http://www.cirb.irisnet.be/fr/nos-solutions/urbis-solutions

AgUIAR, Dv DE. 2013. “What Is Urbanity About?” In Ninth International Space Syntax Symposium, edited by y Kim, H Park, and K Seo. Seol: Se-

jong University.

AHERN, j. 2011. “from fail-Safe to Safe-to-fail: Sustainability and Resilience in the New Urban World.” Landscape and Urban Planning 100 (4)

(April): 341–343.

ARNfIELD, A j. 2003. “Two Decades of Urban Climate Research: A Review of Turbulence, Exchanges of Energy and Water, and the Urban Heat

Island.” International journal of Climatology 23: 1–26.

BEARDMORE, KI., K. MARKWELL, C. CHATBURN, AND P. BREE. 2012. “How Do you Create a ‘WaterSmart Liveable City’?” In Planning Institute

of Australia 2012 National Congress, 1–23. Adelaide.

CARMON, N., AND U. SHAMIR. 2010. “Water-Sensitive Planning: Integrating Water Considerations into Urban and Regional Planning.” Water and

Environment journal 24: 181–191.

fERgUSON, B. C., NIKI fRANTZESKAKI, AND REBEKAH R. BROWN. 2013. “A Strategic Program for Transitioning to a Water Sensitive City.”

Landscape and Urban Planning 117 (September): 32–45.

fOLKE, C., S. R CARPENTER, B. WALKER, MSCHEffER, T. C., AND j. ROCKSTRöM. 2010. “Resilience Thinking : Integrating Resilience ,

Adaptability and Transformability.” Ecology and Society 15 (4).

gANDy, MATTHEW. 2004. “Rethinking Urban Metabolism: Water, Space and the Modern City.” City 8 (3) (December): 363–379.

KARvONEN, A. 2011. Politics of Urban Runoff: Nature, Technology, and the Sustainable City. Edited by Robert gottelieb and Henry Luce. Environ-

mental History. London: MIT Press.

PATTON, M. q. 2002. “23. Utilization-focused Evaluation.” Evaluation Models: 425–438.

RHEINgANTZ, P. 2012. “Narratives or Translations of Urbanity.” In Urbanidades, edited by D Aguiar and vinicius De Moraes Netto, 135 – 161. Rio:

Letra e Imagem.

STRANg, v. 2004. The Meaning of Water. New york: Oxford International Publishers.

STUffLEBEAM, D., AND A SHINKfIELD. 2007. Evaluation Theory, Models, and Applications. San francisco CA: jossy-Bass.

SWyNgEDOUW, E. 1999. “Modernity and Hybridity: Nature, Regeneracionismo, and the Production of the Spanish Waterscape, 1890–1930.” An-

nals of the Association of American … 89 (3): 443–465.

THOMPSON, gf, AND fR STEINER. 1997. Ecological Design and Planning. vol. 35. New york: john Wiley & Sons.

WARD, S. 2002. Planning for the 20th Century City. New york: john Wiley & Sons.

WONg, T H f, AND R R BROWN. 2009. “The Water Sensitive City: Principles for Practice.” Water Science and Technology : A journal of the Inter-

national Association on Water Pollution Research 60: 673–682.

WONg, T.H.f., R. ALLEN, j. BERINgER, R BROWN, A DELETIC, T.D. fLETCHER, L gANgADHARAN, et al. 2012. Stormwater Management in a

Water Sensitive City. Edited by T.H.f. Wong. Clayton: The centre for Water Sensitive Cities.

ZEvENBERgEN, C, A CASHMAN, AND N EvELPIDOU. 2010. Urban flood Management. London: Taylor and francis group.

Urban Storm Water Management: possible catalyst for moving towards a Water Sensitive City -...

Science

Transcript of Urban Storm Water Management: possible catalyst for moving towards a Water Sensitive City -...