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![Page 1: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey
Dr. David A. RobinsonProfessor, Department of Geography
& New Jersey State ClimatologistRutgers University
DIMACS/CCICADA Workshop on Urban Planning for Climate Events
September 23, 2013
![Page 2: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Outline
- Urban climate- Urban heat island- Anatomy of the NJ/NY Metro heat island
- Geography- Diurnal- Seasonal- Synoptic- Heat waves- Over time
- What lies ahead
![Page 3: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
http://www.ucar.edu/communications/staffnotes/0603/cities.shtml
Urban Climate
![Page 4: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Outline
- Urban climate- Urban heat island- Anatomy of the NJ/NY Metro heat island
- Geography- Diurnal- Seasonal- Synoptic- Heat waves- Over time
- What lies ahead
![Page 5: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Urban Heat Islands
• Urban heat island refers to the increased local temperatures that result from urbanization.
• Occurs due to modifications to the energy balance that result when natural surfaces are paved and built upon or when human activities release heat into the environment.
• Several variables influence the magnitude of the heat island: population density, radiation, changes in heat storage, sensible and latent heat transfer.
![Page 6: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Increased particulates associated with urban activity absorbs and scatters incoming solar radiation. May also reduce transfer of thermal radiation away from the urban environment.
• Buildings, often a part of urbanized areas, impact the radiation balance by albedo and energy transfer.
• Conduction and convection affect the energy balance to form urban heat island.
• The release of heat from buildings plays a major role in urban heat islands.
![Page 7: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Late afternoon air temperature profile across the urban environment and beyond
![Page 8: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Thuman, C.C., 2008. Summertime urban heat island in Newark, NJ and its relationship with urban particulate matter. Rutgers master’s thesis
Frequency of maximum urban heat island intensity at Newark for 80 summertime events
![Page 11: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Outline
- Urban climate- Urban heat island- Anatomy of the NJ/NY Metro heat island
- Geography- Diurnal- Seasonal- Synoptic- Heat waves- Over time
- What lies ahead
![Page 12: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Mid Atlantic from space: enhanced infrared (thermal) image
![Page 13: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
New Jersey from space:
visible composite image
![Page 14: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Paterson
Newark
Elizabeth
Trenton
Camden
New Jersey: enhanced infrared (thermal) image
![Page 15: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Elizabeth
Newark
Paterson
Center for Remote Sensing & Spatial Analysis, Rutgers University
ASTER TIR image of NJ centered on the Watchung Mountains, ASTER Band 12 (9.075 um) was acquired July 3, 2001. Daytime image.Colors: Cold to warm to hot (blue to green to red).
![Page 16: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Trenton
Camden
cloud
cloud
Center for Remote Sensing & Spatial Analysis, Rutgers University
ASTER TIR image of NJ centered on Trenton, ASTER Band 12 (9.075 um) wasacquired July 3, 2001. Daytime image.Colors: Cold to warm to hot (blue to green to red).
![Page 17: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Human Population Density in the Mid Atlantic
![Page 18: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
NJ Weather and Climate Network (njwxnet.org)
Temperatures (deg F):8AM EST,January 29, 2005
![Page 19: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
http://philiporton.com/2011/08/01/forecasting-coastal-urban-microclimates/
Metro NJ/NY temperatures at 1:15 AM: June 9, 2011
![Page 20: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Outline
- Urban climate- Urban heat island- Anatomy of the NJ/NY Metro heat island
- Geography- Diurnal- Seasonal- Synoptic- Heat waves- Over time
- What lies ahead
![Page 21: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Thuman, C.C., 2008. Summertime urban heat island in Newark, NJ and its relationship with urban particulate matter. Rutgers master’s thesis
Hourly frequency of heat island events: Newark: June 10 – September 10, 2007
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Dawn and Late Afternoon Temperature Profiles
![Page 23: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Gedzelman et al., 2003. Mesoscale aspects of the urban heat island around New York City. Theoretical and Applied Climatology
Mean temperature (deg C) at midnight: September – November 1998
![Page 24: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Gedzelman et al., 2003. Mesoscale aspects of the urban heat island around New York City. Theoretical and Applied Climatology
Two hour temperature change (deg C): 6 – 8 AM EST October 25, 1998
![Page 25: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Gedzelman et al., 2003. Mesoscale aspects of the urban heat island around New York City. Theoretical and Applied Climatology
Three hour temperature change (deg C): 3 – 6 PM EST December 9, 1998
![Page 26: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Thuman, C.C., 2008. Summertime urban heat island in Newark, NJ and its relationship with urban particulate matter. Rutgers master’s thesis
Negative Heat Island in Newark: June 10 – September 10, 2007
![Page 27: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Outline
- Urban climate- Urban heat island- Anatomy of the NJ/NY Metro heat island
- Geography- Diurnal- Seasonal- Synoptic- Heat waves- Over time
- What lies ahead
![Page 28: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Gedzelman et al., 2003. Mesoscale aspects of the urban heat island around New York City. Theoretical and Applied Climatology
Seasonal urban – rural temperature difference
FallSummer
WinterSpring
![Page 29: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Thuman, C.C., 2008. Summertime urban heat island in Newark, NJ and its relationship with urban particulate matter. Rutgers master’s thesis
Maximum urban – rural temperature difference: June 10 – September 10, 2007
![Page 30: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Thuman, C.C., 2008. Summertime urban heat island in Newark, NJ and its relationship with urban particulate matter. Rutgers master’s thesis
Urban &rural humidity during 80 summer heat island events
![Page 31: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Outline
- Urban climate- Urban heat island- Anatomy of the NJ/NY Metro heat island
- Geography- Diurnal- Seasonal- Synoptic- Heat waves- Over time
- What lies ahead
![Page 32: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Gedzelman et al., 2003. Mesoscale aspects of the urban heat island around New York City. Theoretical and Applied Climatology
Fraction of cases with urban – rural temperature differences at given values for clear & overcast conditions
![Page 33: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Thuman, C.C., 2008. Summertime urban heat island in Newark, NJ and its relationship with urban particulate matter. Rutgers master’s thesis
Daily rainfall and urban heat island intensity: June 10 – September 10, 2007
![Page 34: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Gedzelman et al., 2003. Mesoscale aspects of the urban heat island around New York City. Theoretical and Applied Climatology
Average urban – rural temperature difference for each night following a cold front passage
![Page 35: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Temperatures: 4PM EDT,April 11, 2011
NJ Weather and Climate Network (njwxnet.org)
![Page 36: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Holzer, M.A., 2004. Synoptic and diurnal characteristics of the northern NJ heat island, Rutgers master’s thesis
![Page 37: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Winter SSC’s at All StationsH
ou
r 1
Ho
ur
3
Ho
ur
5
Ho
ur
7
Ho
ur
9
Ho
ur
11
Ho
ur
13
Ho
ur
15
Ho
ur
17
Ho
ur
19
Ho
ur
21
Ho
ur
23
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Dry Polar Winter All Stations
Eliz-ChathamEliz-BMEliz-HackettsEliz-StwEliz-WantEliz-No Hale
Time
Te
mp
era
ture
(u
-r)
Hou
r 1
Hou
r 3
Hou
r 5
Hou
r 7
Hou
r 9
Hou
r 11
Hou
r 13
Hou
r 15
Hou
r 17
Hou
r 19
Hou
r 21
Hou
r 23
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Moist Polar Winter All Stations
Eliz-ChathamEliz-BMEliz-HackettsEliz-StwEliz-WantEliz-No Hale
Time
Tem
per
atu
re (
u-r
)
Hou
r 1
Hou
r 3
Hou
r 5
Hou
r 7
Hou
r 9
Hou
r 11
Hou
r 13
Hou
r 15
Hou
r 17
Hou
r 19
Hou
r 21
Hou
r 23
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Dry Moderate Winter All Stations
Eliz-Chatham
Eliz-BM
Eliz-Hacketts
Eliz-Stw
Eliz-Want
Eliz-No Hale
Time
Tem
per
atu
re (
u-r
)
Ho
ur
1
Ho
ur
3
Ho
ur
5
Ho
ur
7
Ho
ur
9
Ho
ur
11
Ho
ur
13
Ho
ur
15
Ho
ur
17
Ho
ur
19
Ho
ur
21
Ho
ur
23
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Moist Moderate Winter All Stations
Eliz-ChathamEliz-BMEliz-HackettsEliz-StwEliz-WantEliz-No Hale
Time
Tem
per
atu
re (
u-r
)
Holzer, M.A., 2004. Synoptic and diurnal characteristics of the northern NJ heat island, Rutgers master’s thesis
![Page 38: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Dry Moderate SSC in All Seasons at Belle Mead and Chatham
• Inversion at Belle Mead breaks between hours 7 and 9 in all seasons
• Timing of evening cool down is dependent on the time of sunset
• During the overnight hours Chatham is warmer than Belle Mead
Ho
ur
1H
ou
r 3
Ho
ur
5H
ou
r 7
Ho
ur
9H
ou
r 1
1H
ou
r 1
3H
ou
r 1
5H
ou
r 1
7H
ou
r 1
9H
ou
r 2
1H
ou
r 2
3
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Chatham Dry Moderate SSC in All Seasons
Eliz-CH WinterEliz-CH SpringEliz-CH SummerEliz-CH Fall
Time
Te
mp
era
ture
(u
-r)
Hou
r 1
Hou
r 3
Hou
r 5
Hou
r 7
Hou
r 9
Hou
r 11
Hou
r 13
Hou
r 15
Hou
r 17
Hou
r 19
Hou
r 21
Hou
r 23
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Belle Mead Dry Moderate SSC in All Seasons
Eliz-BM Winter
Eliz-BM Spring
Eliz-BM Summer
Eliz-BM Fall
Time
Te
mp
era
ture
(u
-r)
Holzer, M.A., 2004. Synoptic and diurnal characteristics of the northern NJ heat island, Rutgers master’s thesis
![Page 39: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Holzer, M.A., 2004. Synoptic and diurnal characteristics of the northern NJ heat island, Rutgers master’s thesis
Winter 4 AM: Dry Moderate
![Page 40: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Holzer, M.A., 2004. Synoptic and diurnal characteristics of the northern NJ heat island, Rutgers master’s thesis
Summer noon: Dry Moderate
![Page 41: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Outline
- Urban climate- Urban heat island- Anatomy of the NJ/NY Metro heat island
- Geography- Diurnal- Seasonal- Synoptic- Heat waves- Over time
- What lies ahead
![Page 42: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Li and Bou-Seid, 2013. Synergistic interactions between urban heat islands and heat waves: the impact in cities is larger thanThe sum of its parts. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
Synergistic interaction mechanisms between the urban heat island and heat waves
![Page 43: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Newark, NJ and vicinity
Google maps
![Page 44: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Office of the NJ State Climatologist
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Office of the NJ State Climatologist
![Page 46: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Office of the NJ State Climatologist
![Page 47: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Office of the NJ State Climatologist
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Office of the NJ State Climatologist
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Office of the NJ State Climatologist
![Page 50: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Office of the NJ State Climatologist
![Page 51: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Office of the NJ State Climatologist
![Page 52: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Outline
- Urban climate- Urban heat island- Anatomy of the NJ/NY Metro heat island
- Geography- Diurnal- Seasonal- Synoptic- Heat waves- Over time
- What lies ahead
![Page 53: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
1931 2012
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1931 2012
![Page 55: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Outline
- Urban climate- Urban heat island- Anatomy of the NJ/NY Metro heat island
- Geography- Diurnal- Seasonal- Synoptic- Heat waves- Over time
- What lies ahead
![Page 56: Urban Influences on Temperature in New Jersey Dr. David A. Robinson Professor, Department of Geography & New Jersey State Climatologist Rutgers University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e499/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
• The heat index combines the effects of temperature and humidity to estimate human comfort.
• Results are from simulations with three global climate models with two emissions scenarios, representing the low and high ends of the IPCC range.
• Under the high emissions scenario, Tri-State summers at the end of the 21st century are projected to be similar to those in Savannah, Georgia today.
Changes in heat index
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day
s p
er y
ear
ove
r 90
ºF
day
s p
er y
ear
ove
r 10
0ºF
Union of Concerned Scientists, NE Climate Impacts Report, 2006
Days over 90F Days over 100F
Projected warming
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Rising temperatures
Steady or increasing precipitation
Increasing variability and extremes- storms, flood, drought, heat…….
Rising sea level
New Jersey's future climate
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Wrapping things up:
- Anatomy of the NJ/NY Metro heat island- Geography- Diurnal- Seasonal- Synoptic- Heat waves- Over time
- What lies ahead
Thanks: Dave [email protected]