Urban Health Development
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Transcript of Urban Health Development
The Urban Health Intervention
UGSPH Status Report on GEHIP for Ga East District
Philip Adongo, PhD
Outline of presentation
1) URBAN CHPS:• Milestones in setting up CHPS in Rural areas:
Activity: Assessing the relevance of the CHPS process to an urban setting (Year 1)
• Results: Clarification of how urban CHPS differs from Rural CHPS
2) THE LEADERSHIP COMPONENT OF HEALTH SYSTEMS STRENGTHENING• Leadership Programme:
-- MPH health systems development component• District leadership development
--Modular training component
3) PROGRESS WITH LAUNCHING THE BASELINE SURVEY IN GA EAST AND GA WEST
Activity I: Preparation for Urban CHPSCHPS Programme Milestones
Questions that we addressed: • Are the rural milestones relevant to the urban environment? • How are urban CHPS service operations different from
rural operations?The milestones are:1) Community engaged planning (Community Health Committee, zoning, mapping, etc)2) Community entry (liaison with traditional and opinion leaders). Developing participatory implementation.3) Community Health Compound development (construction, renovation, or rental)4) Essential equipment procurement.5) Nurse orientation to community work and posting to Community Health Compounds6) Volunteer identification, recruitment, training and deployment
Community EntryStrategy assessment for Urban CHPS
Formative Research:1. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs)2. In-depth interviews with stakeholders and opinion
leadersTo seek views on– Health seeking behavior for child and maternal health– Health decision making at local level– Community conceptualization of Urban CHPS– Potential models of CHPS
Milestone #1:CHPS Planning
Urban versus Rural Model• Urban CHPS– Large populations
(20,000-40,000)– Zoning is required and it
is important exercise– Difficult to mobilize
community to contribute– Nurses may need to
concentrate on promotion activities
• Rural CHPS– Small population (3000-
5000)– Zoning is easier– Easy to mobilize
community to contribute– Curative aspects very
important
Milestone #1:Zoning of Ga East into CHPS areas
All four Ga East sub-districts were “zoned” for CHPS including….–Dome– Danfar– Madina– Abokobi
Milestone #1:Selection of start up CHPS zones in Ga East
Zones Area covered Estimated total population
Estimated no. of chn 0-59m
Estimated no. of household
One Rabit, Auntie Mary, Ohenho etc.
23,282 4,191 1,219
Two Dome market, Dome Park, Grushie Town etc.
41,169 7412 966
Three CSC, GYM, Atomic, Atomic Ayigbe Town etc.
18,894 3400 729
Total 83,345 15,003 2914
Milestone #2: Urban Community EntrySensitization meetings with the SPH, Region and Districts
• Discussions with regional health administration• The forum to has been created where GEHIP has been
presented to the – School of Public, University of Ghana– All MHMTS, DHMTs–GA East – The Assemblies-Discussions with planning officers of
Ga East (intervention area) and Ga West (comparison area)
Milestone #3 Procurement of work space or clinic
• Municipal Assembly providing storage space for equipment, but construction of a “Community Health Compound” may present a challenge
• Partnership with private health providers to provide space
• Municipal Assembly to providing space for the GEHIP field office in Ga East.
Milestone #4: Essential equipment
Health workers needs small Vehicles to conduct their activity
Milestone #5The Training of CHOs
• TOT training completed in Mid September:
• Training of CHOs started in October, 2010– GEHIP is supporting the training of CHOs
Milestone #5: CHO deploymentThe way forward for urban CHOs…
• A non-residential service• Collaborate with private health institutions
• We will learn from experience on in-service training for urban CHO.– Innovation in communication (ways to replace
durbars)– May have to make modifications during our
“Phase 2” implementation process
Milestone #6 Volunteers
– Volunteer identification, recruitment, training and deployment
Milestone Rural CHPS Urban CHPS1) Community -
based PlanningSituation analysis, initial outreach to chiefs, “zoning” of catchment areas.
Block and neighborhood identification, clarification of geographic responsibility
2) Community entry • Building understanding with chiefs, elders, & opinion leaders.
• Developing Community Health • Organizing CHC action• Developing durbars for health
communication
• Focus on identifying social networks (corresponding to ethnicity of settlers).
• Outreach to formal authorities & politicians
3) Essential equipment
Motorbikes & bicycles+ clinical equipment for IMCI, EPI, FP/RH
Low cost 3 or 4 wheel vehicles + clinical equipment for IMCI, EPI, FP/RH
4) Facility development
Community volunteer construction of CHC or renovation of existing facility
Arranging donation of secure space or renovation of donated space. No CHC
5) Nurse community engagement training & posting
Training in community entry, liaison, and sustaining community participation
Training in health education in the urban context
6) Volunteer identification, training, & deployment
Community organizational focused Basic medicinal products distribution (Major role in health promotion: bednet promotion, condoms, ORS, etc.)
Service focused volunteers with no curative services.
(Limited role)
Activity IIDeveloping a Leadership Programme
• Develop BPH/MPH Training that prepares leaders for District Health Management
--Utilize GEHIP sites for MPH field practica in health systems development
-- Two or three MPH students will be working on Urban CHPS in the Ga East Municipal
• Develop field model to be used to strengthen both rural and urban CHPS through modular “peer” training in systems development
The Problem:Existing training produces tiers of capable individuals,
but not systems capacity building….
Community Health Officers
Supervisors, Disease Control Officers, Nutrition, etc.
Registered nurses, midwives
District Directors & Health Management Team members
The School is now contributing to Public Health Capacity Building at all levels of the system
Community Health Officers
Supervisors, Disease Control Officers, Nutrition, etc.
Registered nurses, midwives
District Directors & Health Management Team members
A critical component: Bachelor of Public Health for
supervisors, paramedics, nurses, etc.
Pathways of the BPH course
• Public Nursing• Disease control• Health promotion• Environmental health• Health information
With GEHIP support, the UGSPH has formed a health systems development partnership with the GHS:
Short public health system training modules on health systems development themes that require teamwork across levels
Practical peer demonstration in GEHIP districts.
With GEHIP support, the UGSPH has formed a health systems development
partnership with the GHS for developing public health system
modules that require teamwork across levels…
What will GEHIP Add?
Community Health Officers
Supervisors, Disease Control Officers, Nutrition, etc.
Registered nurses, midwives
District Directors & Health Management Team members
CHPS development
Peer Leadership Training
What will GEHIP Add?
Community Health Officers
Supervisors, Disease Control Officers, Nutrition, etc.
Registered nurses, midwives
District Directors & Health Management Team members
GEHIP District Health Profiling &
DiHPART implementation
What will GEHIP Add?
Community Health Officers
Supervisors, Disease Control Officers, Nutrition, etc.
Registered nurses, midwives
District Directors & Health Management Team members
Information for Decision-making
MPH component of Leadership Training pretested in Ga East:
• Participation in Ga-East Municipal Annual Review Meetings
• Ga East Project (SPH & NOGUCHI) 14 MPH dissertations, all with health systems plus focus topics on ....– Health financing, planning– Nutrition– Oral health– Reproductive health, sexually transmitted diseases– Quality of care.
Activity III. Preparations for the Baseline Study in Ga East• Draft questionnaire developed for Household surveys• Household surveys in Ga East & Ga South to obtain
information on …..– Household characteristics– Pregnancy history– Contraception– Antenatal care– Delivery & newborn care– Health seeking behaviours– Malaria & use of ITNs– HIV/AIDS & other STIs– Cost of health services
Thank you very much