URBAN CLIMATE RESILIENCE, WATER AND SANITATION: IMPROVING MULTI-STAKEHOLDER

COLLABORATION IN DHAKA, BANGLADESH

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Sarder Shafiqul Alam2nd Annual Gobeshona Conference, IUB

10 January, 2016

Urban Climate Urban Climate Resilience Resilience ((UCRUCR))

UCR is process that

◦ catalyses awareness about CC impacts in urban environments

◦ enable cities to adapt by reducing risk

In the context of natural disasters, UCR is a way

◦ to build capacity of an urban centre by sustainable ◦ to build capacity of an urban centre by sustainable infrastructural development

◦ to reduce hazard impacts through land use management

Resilient cities require coordinated actions by institutions working in the same area or higher levels of government

(cited in Sarder et al. 2015)

Background of the Study

Objective of the studyObjective of the study

Identification of a strategy for improving

collaboration among organizations working

on development issues related to Climate

change, Water and Sanitation.change, Water and Sanitation.

Create a way in which Stakeholders can

share, learn and work together to improve

resilience in Dhaka’s urban areas.

Key Research Questions

• What are the likely impacts of climate change on

informal settlements in Dhaka?

• Which stakeholders are working on water and

sanitation?

• What strategies can enhance multi-stakeholder

collaboration to contribute towards urban climate

resilience?

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Mapping climate risk through local knowledge

Improving climate resilience through better stakeholder collaborations

Key Aspects

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Methodology of the study

Literature collection review

Primary (Qualitative) Data collection

Overview of the process

Key Informant Interviews (KII)

5/7/2015 7

Focus Group discussions

Sharing workshop

Round table discussion

Selection of the Study areaSelection of the Study area

Site Selections Criteria:

Multiple stakeholders are working to improve the water and sanitation situation

High vulnerability of people High vulnerability of people to climatic disasters, particularly flooding and water logging

Existence of low-income groups (slum, squatter settlement and others) in these areas

Key Finding # 1Key Finding # 1Overview of the StakeholdersOverview of the Stakeholders

Government (Key Stakeholder)

Policy Formulation Project Implementation

Community People and Community based Organizations (Primary Stakeholder)

Academics /Research Organizations/Policy Makers ( Secondary Stakeholder)

Media and Advocacy Organization

(Tertiary Stakeholder)

Community People and Community based Organizations (Primary Stakeholder)

Project Implementation e.g. NGOs

(Secondary Stakeholder)

Donor Body, Funding Agency

(Tertiary Stakeholder)

About 57 organizations focusing on the low income groups

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25

30

35

35

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Key Finding # 2: Working SectorsWorking Sectors

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5

10

15

20

10 119

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Major climatic hazards: Flood, Heavy rain, Heat wave and cold wave

Flood and Heavy rain:

Leads to inundation, water logging and Water pollution

Absence of sewerage system leads to latrine overflows

Creates Severe defecation problem, even to open defecation

Key Finding # 3

Creates Severe defecation problem, even to open defecation

Heat wave: Heat stress reduce the “productivity of the work” of the people

Cold wave: Pneumonia to the children due to sudden fall of temperature

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Key WATSAN Stakeholders

Dhaka Water Supply and Sewerage Authority (DWASA)

Dhaka City Corporation

Key Finding #4

Ministry of Housing and Public Works

NGOs, CBOs, community people, research institutions and Media are also important Stakeholders

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Present Status of Stakeholder Collaboration

Collaboration existing in limited scale

Project based collaboration

Limitations

Key Findings # 5

Limitations

Often time consuming

Problems in decision making

Difference of strategies among partners

Inadequate accountability

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Steps in Stakeholder CollaborationSteps in Stakeholder Collaboration

Participatory approach

Area assessment, priority need assessment, citizen voice in

action, stakeholder meeting, dividing activities, Formation of

WASH committee, developing an action plan

Key Findings # 6

joint implementation of the project

Monthly follow up meeting

Invite government representatives in the meeting

The meeting incorporate the community people

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Hazard is existing and will exacerbate

Stakeholder collaboration can improve resilience

Stakeholders also feel there is need for further collaboration to improve resilience

Key Messages: Approaches to Building City Resilience

collaboration to improve resilience

Government would have to lead collaboration initiative

Long term participatory approach in planning necessary

Knowledge based long-term planning and implementation through multiple stakeholder including CBOs

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Recommended Steps in CollaborationRecommended Steps in Collaboration

Government should play the lead role in devising action plan

Knowledge based action plan needed

Media and lobby group for knowledge dissemination Media and lobby group for knowledge dissemination

Following the government devised action plan NGOs and CBOs need to act towards developing effective partnership

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Government(Deliberation and Decision

making, Coordination)

RECOMMENDED FRAMEWORK

Media, Individual agenda

settlers, lobby groups

(Knowledge Filters)

Academics, Research Institute, experts and

communities(Knowledge Producer)

Government, NGOs, Individuals, CBOs

(Knowledge Actors)

Community People

(Beneficiary)

Donor

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THANK YOUTHANK YOU