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Urban and regional planning in Croatia
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Transcript of Urban and regional planning in Croatia
04/12/2023 1
Presentation
Urban and Regional Planning in Croatia
by Ksenija Banovac
Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France
04/12/2023 2Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France
Geographic profile
04/12/2023 3Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France
Demographic profile
4,4 million inhabitants (78.3 per km2)
The capital city: Zagreb (790 000)
Population and minorities:
◦ Croats, Serbs, Bosnians, Slovenes,
Hungarians, Czechs, Italians and
Albanians
Life expectancy: 71 (men), 78 (women)
Education: basic school diploma (22%),
secondary school diploma (47%), higher
education degrees (12%)
04/12/2023 4Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France
Economic profile
Nominal GDP: 45.4 billion EUR
GDP per capita: 10,246 EUR
Average monthly paid of gross earnings: 1,042 EUR
Population unemployed: 14%
Economic output: service sector (70% ),
industrial sector (20%), agriculture (6%) of GDP
Notable source of income: Tourism
Preparation for EU membership (joining 2013)
04/12/2023 5Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France
Political profile
PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC
Head of the state
Directly elected to 5-year term
Commander in chief of the
armed forces
Appointing Prime minister
Influence on foreign policy
GOVERNMENT
Headed by the Prime minister
and 2 deputy prime ministers
14 ministers in charge of
particular sectors
Proposing legislation and a
budget
Execution of laws
Guiding the foreign and internal
policies
PARLIAMENT
Legislative body
100-160 members
Elected by popular vote to 4-year
term
2 largest political parties:
Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ)
and Social Democratic Party of
Croatia (SDP)
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Interesting comparison
CROATIA INDIA
Area: 56,594 km2
Population: 4.4 million
Density: 78.3 /km2
GDP: 45.4 billion EUR
Median age: 39
Area: 3,287,263 km2
Population: 1.2 billion
Density: 365.5 /km2
GDP: 1.1 trillion EUR
Median age: 25
Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France
Croatia is 58x smaller in area, 275x smaller in number of inhabitants, 24x poorer and 14 years older than India
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Interesting comparison
CROATIA USA
Area: 56,594 km2
Population: 4.4 million
Density: 78.3 /km2
GDP: 45.4 billion EUR
Median age: 39
Area: 9,826,675 km2
Population: 312.2 million
Density: 33.7 /km2
GDP: 10.7 trillion EUR
Median age: 37
Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France
Croatia is 173x smaller in area, 70x smaller in number of inhabitants, 238x poorer and 2 years older than USA
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Interesting comparison
CROATIA FRANCE
Area: 56,594 km2
Population: 4.4 million
Density: 78.3 /km2
GDP: 45.4 billion EUR
Median age: 39
Area: 674,843 km2
Population: 65.8 million
Density: 116/km2
GDP: 1.8 trillion EUR
Median age: 39
Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France
Croatia is 12x smaller in area, 15x smaller in number of inhabitants, 40x poorer and the same age as France
04/12/2023 9Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France
Administrative division
Total 555 units of local
government:
• 429 municipalities
• 126 cities
• 20 counties + the city of Zagreb
Representative body:
◦ Municipal councils, city councils,
county assemblies
Executive body:
◦ Municipality’s mayor, city mayor and
county prefect
04/12/2023 10Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France
Administrative division
Municipalities and cities perform:
• Urban development and housing
• Spatial and urban planning,
• Municipal economy,
• Childcare, social welfare, education, culture,
sport,
• Environment, civil and consumer protection,
• Traffic, roads, construction permits
Counties cover:
◦ Education, healthcare, culture institutions
◦ Spatial and urban planning
◦ Economic development, infrastructure
◦ Construction and local permits
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Urbanism and Development
Physical Planning Regional Development
Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical Planning and Construction: administrative tasks related to physical planning and coordination of regional physical development
Spatial Planning Council: monitors and proposes processes in space and physical plans
Institute for Physical Planning: expert and analytical tasks in the field of physical planning
Ministry of Regional Development, Forestry and Water Management: balancing the regional development and reducing regional disparities
Directorate for Integrated Regional Development
Administration for Regional and Local Infrastructure: All aiming at planning, implementing and evaluating programs for the development of local governments, county and wider region
Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France
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Physical Planning and Building Act (2007)
Regional Development Act (2009)
Regional Development Strategy (period 2011-2013)
Sustainable Development Strategy (2009)
Physical Planning Strategy (1997)
Physical Planning Programme (1999)
Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France
Legislation and Strategies
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Economic reform
Social reform
Reform of judiciary system
Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France
Challenges in front of Croatia
The most problematic factors are
inefficient government bureaucracy,
tax rates and regulation, corruption
and access to financing.
Croatia will have to increase the
production and export whilst cutting
total public spending, growing
national debt.
Further restructuring of companies is
necessary as well as the improvements
in general business conditions.
Particular concern is the corruption in
both public and private sector,
inefficient public administration
(land ownership).
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SOPNICA-JELKOVEC RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT, ZAGREB
New residential district currently under construction
For 10,000 persons
Previously a pig farm that has been reconstructed into a new district
All amenities needed to ensure normal life:
◦ Improved water supply and drainage facilities
◦ Transport infrastructure
◦ Residential buildings and lots of green areas
◦ Public amenities such as kindergartens, primary and secondary schools, sport
areas
Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France
Example: Urban revitalization
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Example: Urban revitalization
District Sopnica-Jelkovec, view from the air
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Example: Urban revitalizationPlanning of the District Sopnica-Jelkovec (Zagreb)
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Example: Urban revitalization
Before
After
Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France
04/12/2023 18
Thank you!
Ecole Polytechnique in Tours, France