URBAN AIR TOXICS – AREA SOURCE PROGRAM

SALLY SHAVER, DIRECTOREMISSION STANDARDS DIVISIONOctober 5, 2004

* For 2020, stationary source

emissions are based only on economic growth between 2007 and 2020. They do not account for reductions from ongoing toxics programs such as the urban air toxics program, residual risk standards and multi-pollutant rule, which are expected to further reduce toxics. Mobile emissions do not account for the recent nonroad efforts or Section 202(l) re-evaluation. The impacts of these programs are not yet known.

*

Without Clean Air Act Programs

STATUTORY AUTHORITY (CLEAN AIR ACT)

Sections 112(c)(3) and 112(k)(3)(B)(ii) List area source categories representing at least

90 percent of the emissions of the 30 listed HAP Promulgate regulations by November 15, 2000

Section 112(d)(5) allows us to address source categories using GACT (Generally Available Control Technology)

STATUTORY AUTHORITY (CLEAN AIR ACT) (CONTINUED)

Section 112(k)(1) Achieve a substantial reduction in emissions of

HAPs Achieve at least a 75-percent reduction in cancer

incidence

Section 112(k)(3) requires us to prepare a national strategy for urban air toxics

The Integrated Urban Strategy was published July 19, 1999 (64 FR 38706)

RULEMAKING

Area sources are those with potential to emit less than 10 tpy for a single HAP and less than 25 tpy for combined HAP

Standards may be MACT or GACT MACT is average of the best performing 12% (30 or

more sources) or average of best performing five (< 30 sources)

GACT is no MACT floor, may be less stringent than MACT, and may consider costs and other factors

Typical standard development takes 4 to 5 years

CONTRIBUTIONS TO EMISSIONS AND RISK

Individual area sources are small emitters

Many sources emit less than 100 pounds of HAPs

Collectively, these sources are important toxic contributors, especially in urban areas

Area sources represent about 50 percent of national stationary source emissions

Many sources emit air toxic metals which are also fine PM

AREA SOURCE PROGRAM

“Child No One Wants” 70 categories listed 15 standards completed; consent decree

to complete 5 more by December 2007 Ongoing litigation/mediation

30 area source standards have been started; includes top 20 “toxicity weighted”

Area Source Emission Reduction Initiative Community-Based Projects

URBAN AIR TOXICS – AREA SOURCE RULES (continued)

Held a meeting with Air Program Managers from all Regions Consensus that we need the area source

program Needs to be flexible, self-implementing and

self-certifying Must say selectivity is OK EPA does not want/need Title V to implement

the area source program Program Emphasizes Results EPA wants to explore the concept of a State

Program with targeted applicability for CTGs

CURRENTLY DEFERRED FROM TITLE V

1. Dry cleaners (30,000+ sources)2. Degreasers (3,800 sources)3. Chrome platers (5,000 sources)4. EO sterilizers (40 sources)5. Secondary lead smelters (3 sources)6. Secondary aluminum production facilities

(2,700 sources)

Area Source Categories by State

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Area Sources by State

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Total