Upper Milwaukee River TMDLs
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Transcript of Upper Milwaukee River TMDLs
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Upper Milwaukee River
Basin Water Quality Forum
Milwaukee River Basin TMDLs
January 23, 2013
Steve Heinz, P.E.
Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District
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Presentation Outline
Background
Who, What, Where, When, and Why
Process
How
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Background- Who
The TMDL Development Team
WDNR and USEPA will provide
Review and comment during process
Final approvals
Southeastern Wisconsin Regional PlanningCommission (SEWRPC) for technicalassistance
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Background - Who
The TMDL Development Team
Southeastern Wisconsin Watersheds Trust
(SWWT) for public outreach assistance
CDM Smith leads technical consultant team
Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District(MMSD) is sponsoring the effort
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Background - What
TMDL = Total Maximum Daily Load
The amount of pollutant a water bodycan receive and still meet its waterquality standard (WQS)
Also referred to as allowable load
loading capacity
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Background - What
Objective of a TMDL study is to
1. Identify pollutant reductions needed tomeet WQS and
2. Determine a pollutant allocation foreach pollutant source
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Background - What
Goal of a TMDL is to delist water bodieson the 303(d) list of impaired waters
Pollutants to be addressed by this TMDL
Phosphorous (TP)
Sediment (TSS)
Bacteria Fecal coliform for 3 rivers
E. colifor estuary
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Background - What
A TMDL is
A calculation
A planning tool to delist impaired waters
A TMDL is not
A regulation
A permit
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Background - What
Will also develop an Implementation Plan
Not required
Intended to provide options, not requirements,
to help dischargers meet their allocations
Options will include Green infrastructure
Pollutant trading
Will reference findings of Discovery Farms
and Discovery Watersheds
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Background - Where
Milwaukee River Basin
Milwaukee River watershed
Menomonee River watershed
Kinnickinnic River watershed
Milwaukee Harbor Estuary
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Background - Where
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Background - When
TMDL Report to DNR April 30, 2013 Four workshops held to date
Two more workshops planned
Implementation Plan September 2013
Three workshops planned
For Workshop proceedings: MMSD.com
On left side, click on Water Quality Research
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Background - Why
Cuz Congress said so in the Clean
Water Act of 1972
USEPA delegated responsibility for
TMDLs to the states (DNR in Wisconsin)
MMSD is sponsoring this TMDL study as a
third party on behalf of DNR
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Process
Using models from the Water Quality Initiative,
a joint planning effort completed in 2007 for
SEWRPCs Regional Water Quality Management
Plan Update (Planning Report #50) MMSDs 2020 Facilities Plan
Models also used for Watershed Restoration
Plans for the Kinnickinnic and Menomonee
Rivers, both completed in 2010
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Process
Models were built, calibrated, and validated
using eight years of monitored data
Models then revised to reflect 2020 land use
Models are run with continuous precipitation
data for the ten year period of 1988 1997 This period statistically representative of the
63-year period 1940 - 2002
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Process
Water Quality Standards to be met
Phosphorus (TP) 0.1 mg/l for rivers and estuary
0.075 mg/l for streams
Sediment (TSS) Has a narrative WQS instead of a numerical WQS
Will be 12 mg/l for this TMDL study not state wide standard
Based on biological response variables, similar to how
phosphorous standard was developed
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Process
Water Quality Standards to be met Bacteria
Fecal Coliform
400 colony forming units (cfu)/100 ml (< 10% of samples) 200 cfu/100 ml (30-day geometric mean)
Some waters have a variance of 1,000 cfu/100 ml (30-
day) and 2,000 cfu/100 ml (10% of samples)
E. colistandards apply to the outer harbor 126 cfu/100 ml (30-day geometric mean)
235 cfu/100 ml maximum
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Process
Determine
loadingcapacity
Calculate
baseline loadcontributions
Allocate loadsto sources
Calculate
instreamconcentrations
TMDL LA, WLA
Slide courtesy of CDM Smith
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Process
Determine
loadingcapacity
Calculate
baseline loadcontributions
Allocate loadsto sources
Calculate
instreamconcentrations
TMDL LA, WLA
Slide courtesy of CDM Smith
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Process
Loading capacity = allowable load = TMDL Expressed in pounds or CFUs per day
Can be implemented on monthly or seasonal basis
For each reach (water body segment):
Load = Concentration * Flow
Loading capacity = Water Quality Target * Flow
Loads and loading capacities vary with flow
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Process
Determined flow regimes per EPA guidance,for each reach and month
Q Low = 5th percentile
Q Dry = 25th percentile
Q Mid = 50th percentile
Q Moist = 75th percentile
Q High = 95th percentile
Also determined Q Min and Q Max
Based on ten (10) years of modeled flows
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Slide courtesy of CDM Smith
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Slide courtesyof CDM Smith
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Slide courtesy of CDM Smith
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Slide courtesy of CDM Smith
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Process
Phosphorous and Sediment TMDLs Applies to all twelve months
Use the 25th percentile flow (QDry)
One allowable load per month per reach
To be consistent with other Wisconsin TMDLs
Bacteria TMDL
Applies May to Sept - recreation standard in force
Calculate using 10% standard; verify geomean met
Use load duration methodology per EPA guidance
Five allowable loads per reach for the 5 month period
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Process
Determine
loadingcapacity
Calculatebaseline
loadcontributions
Allocate loads
to sources
Calculate
instreamconcentrations
TMDL LA, WLA
Slide courtesy of CDM Smith
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Process
Baseline loads are set to represent compliancewith existing regulations and permit limits
Baseline is notExistingor Current
Baseline loads only used to allocate allowable
loads to sources -- they do notdetermine the
allowable loads Allowable load = Water Quality Target * Flow
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Process
Baseline loads will be set as follows
Discharges that are not permitted
Baseline load = 0 = WLA
SSOs CAFO production areas
Manure spreading accounted for in LA
Nonpoint sources (LA) Loads and flows per WQI models
Loads broken out by land use
Ag modeled as partial compliance w/ NR 151
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Process
Baseline loads for point sources
Individual Permitted Point Sources (Industry & POTWs)
If numeric limit: permit concentration * design flow
No numeric limit: measured concentration * flow
General Permitted Point Sources
Will be a portion of the urban load (portion TBD)
If within MS4 - included in MS4s WLA
If outside MS4 - % of non-permitted urban load
Non-contact cooling water gets WLA if contains P
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Process
Baseline loads for point sources
CSOs: permitted 6 / year
Baseline load = 0* = WLA
0* because CSOs already covered by LTCP
MS4s: per NR 151 TSS reductions required
20% on existing development,
40% on redevelopment, and
80% on new development
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Process
Determine
loadingcapacity
Calculate
baseline loadcontributions
Allocate
loads tosources
Calculate
instreamconcentrations
TMDL LA, WLA
Slide courtesy of CDM Smith
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Process
TMDL = LA + WLA + MOS + RC
LA = Load Allocation (Nonpoint Sources)
WLA = Wasteload Allocation (Permitted Point Sources)
MOS = Margin of Safety (accounts for uncertainty)
RC = Reserve Capacity (accounts for future discharges)
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Process
LA
WLA
MOS
RC
Loading Capacity
BackgroundAgricultural
Non permitted Urban
General Permitted
Municipal Storm Sewer (MS4)
Wastewater Treatment Plants
Industrial
Margin of Safety
Reserve Capacity
Slide courtesy of CDM Smith
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Process
Allowable loads for each reach will bedivided proportionally according to the
sources baseline load contribution
Ag,35%
PS,30%
MS4,20%
NPU,15%
Allowable Load
Ag, 35%
PS,30%
MS4,20%
NPU,15%
Baseline Load
Slide courtesy of CDM Smith
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Process
Determine
loadingcapacity
Calculate
baseline loadcontributions
Allocate loads
to sources
Calculate
instreamconcentrations
TMDL LA, WLA
Slide courtesy of CDM Smith
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Questions ?