Updating Purchasing Specifications for Energy-Efficient ...
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Updating Purchasing Specification for Energy-Efficient Commercial Boilers for the Federal Energy Management Program Abstract The Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) and the Environmental Energy Technology Division (EETD) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) are conducting a research project that aims to update the current purchasing specification for energy-efficient commercial boilers. Data available on the internet was used to document the efficiencies, prices and other relevant data on commercial boilers. Boiler models were classified according to their fuel use (gas or oil) and if they produced hot water or steam. Boilers were ranked from highest to lowest thermal efficiency. The results show that the gas-water and oil-water boiler types have higher thermal efficiencies than steam boilers; however, steam boilers are available in larger capacities. The gas-water boiler category has higher thermal efficiencies is due to the higher number of condensing boiler types in it. Condensing boilers are more efficient because heat is captured from water vapor in the exhaust gases. Because the life-cycle cost and the number of manufacturers with qualifying products must be taken into account when recommending boilers for FEMP's performance requirements, further analysis will need to be conducted before a final recommendation is made. Methods Results Conclusion References Arturo Avila Meza 1 , James Lutz 2 , Peter Biermayer 2 1 California Polytechnic State University; 2 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory __________________________________________________________________________ Introduction Acknowledgments 1. Selecting model numbers from AHRI and GSA Advantage! databases 2. Classifying boiler types by applications 3. Ranking products from highest to lowest thermal efficiency Figure 1 and Figure 2: • Gas-water and oil-water boiler type have higher thermal efficiencies. • Gas-steam and the oil-steam boiler type have lower thermal efficiencies. • Gas-steam and the oil-steam boiler type have higher input capacities. 4. Analyzing data by creating scatter plots 5. Determining the boilers that are ranked in the top 25% with respect to efficiency Commercial boilers are mainly operated by oil, natural and propane gas. Federal agencies are required to consider energy conservation measures such as efficiency when purchasing or upgrading existing boilers. FEMP, part of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), publish efficiency requirements known as Acquisition Guidance and Efficiency Requirements. • Gas-water boiler category has higher thermal efficiencies because it is composed mainly of condensing boiler types. • Further analysis including cost-analysis needs to be considered before a final recommendation is made. Boiler Type Number of Condensing Boilers Number of non- condensing Boilers Total of condensing and non-condensing Boilers Number of Manufac- turers Average Thermal Efficiency (%) Gas- Water 188 0 192 15 94.0 Gas- Steam 0 160 160 6 81.3 Oil- Water 12 19 31 5 89.4 Oil -Steam 0 74 74 4 84.4 Total 200 254 457 Efficiency vs. Input Capacity (n = 1824) 75% 80% 85% 90% 95% 100% 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Input Capacity (Million Btuh) Thermal Efficiency (E t ) Gas-Water Gas-Steam Oil-Water Oil-Steam FEMP and EETD employ the following steps as part of the internet-based research project: Efficiency vs. Input Capacity (Top 25 percent , n = 457) 75% 80% 85% 90% 95% 100% 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Input Capacity (Million Btuh) Thermal Efficiency (E t ) Gas-Water Gas-Steam Oil-Water Oil-Steam These Guidelines and Efficiency Requirements help federal agencies acquire the most energy-efficient products. Currently, FEMP and the EETD are conducting an internet-based research project which aims to identify the most energy-efficient commercial boilers in the current market. Figure 1- All commercial boilers Figure 2- Top 25% commercial boilers Figure 3- Price/output capacity versus Output Capacity Table 1- Data Summary (top 25% boilers) " AHRI." AHRI. Version 2011. Air Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute, n.d. Web. 8 Aug. 2011. <http://www.ahrinet.org/>. " GSA Advantage! “ U.S. General Services Administration, Web. 8 Aug. 2011. < https://www.gsaadvantage.gov> Payne, Christopher , and Amanda Sahl. "Federal Energy Management Program: Energy-Efficient Product Procurement.“ Online seminar, August 4, 2011. <http://www1. eere.energy.gov/femp/> Environmental Energy Technology Division at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Department of Energy’s Workforce Development of Teachers and Scientists, Center for Science and Engineering Education This material is based upon work supported by the S.D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation and by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0952013. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the S.D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation or the National Science Foundation. Source: A.O. Smith Water Products Co. Figure 3: • Boilers with lower thermal efficiencies have lower prices compared to the medium and higher efficiency boiler types. Table 1 : • Summary of the top 25% commercial boilers. Source: Peerless Boilers Price ($)/ Output Capacity versus Output Capacity (n = 127) 70 5,070 10,070 15,070 20,070 25,070 30,070 35,070 40,070 45,070 0 1 2 3 4 5 Output Capacity (Million Btu) Price($)/Output Capacity (Mill Et>88% 84%<Et<87% Et<83%
Transcript of Updating Purchasing Specifications for Energy-Efficient ...
Updating Purchasing Specification for Energy-Efficient Commercial Boilers for the
Federal Energy Management Program
Abstract
The Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) and the Environmental Energy Technology Division (EETD) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) are conducting a research project that aims to update the current purchasing specification for energy-efficient commercial boilers. Data available on the internet was used to document the efficiencies, prices and other relevant data on commercial boilers. Boiler models were classified according to their fuel use (gas or oil) and if they produced hot water or steam. Boilers were ranked from highest to lowest thermal efficiency. The results show that the gas-water and oil-water boiler types have higher thermal efficiencies than steam boilers; however, steam boilers are available in larger capacities. The gas-water boiler category has higher thermal efficiencies is due to the higher number of condensing boiler types in it. Condensing boilers are more efficient because heat is captured from water vapor in the exhaust gases. Because the life-cycle cost and the number of manufacturers with qualifying products must be taken into account when recommending boilers for FEMP's performance requirements, further analysis will need to be conducted before a final recommendation is made.
Methods
Results
Conclusion
References
Arturo Avila Meza1, James Lutz2, Peter Biermayer2
1California Polytechnic State University; 2Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory __________________________________________________________________________
IntroductionAcknowledgments
1. Selecting model numbers from AHRI and GSA Advantage! databases
2. Classifying boiler types by applications
3. Ranking products from highest to lowest thermal efficiency
Figure 1 and Figure 2:• Gas-water and oil-water boiler type
have higher thermal efficiencies.
• Gas-steam and the oil-steam boiler type have lower thermal efficiencies.
• Gas-steam and the oil-steam boiler type have higher input capacities.
4. Analyzing data by creating scatter plots
5. Determining the boilers that are ranked in the top 25% with respect
to efficiency
Commercial boilers are mainly operated by oil, natural and propane gas. Federal agencies are required to consider energy conservation measures such as efficiency when purchasing or upgrading existing boilers. FEMP, part of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), publish efficiency requirements known as Acquisition Guidance and Efficiency Requirements.
• Gas-water boiler category has higher thermal efficiencies because it is composed mainly of condensing boiler types.
•Further analysis including cost-analysis needs to be considered before a final recommendation is made.
BoilerType
Number of Condensing
Boilers
Number ofnon-
condensingBoilers
Total of condensing and non-condensing
Boilers
Number of
Manufac-turers
Average Thermal
Efficiency (%)
Gas-Water
188 0 192 15 94.0
Gas-Steam
0 160 160 6 81.3
Oil-Water
12 19 31 5 89.4
Oil -Steam
0 74 74 4 84.4
Total 200 254 457
Efficiency vs. Input Capacity(n = 1824)
75%
80%
85%
90%
95%
100%
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Input Capacity (Million Btuh)
Ther
mal
Effi
cien
cy (E
t)
Gas-Water Gas-Steam
Oil-Water Oil-Steam
FEMP and EETD employ the following steps as part of the internet-based research project:
Efficiency vs. Input Capacity(Top 25 percent , n = 457)
75%
80%
85%
90%
95%
100%
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Input Capacity (Million Btuh)
Ther
mal
Effi
cien
cy (E
t)
Gas-Water Gas-Steam Oil-WaterOil-Steam
These Guidelines and Efficiency Requirements help federal agencies acquire the most energy-efficient products. Currently, FEMP and the EETD are conducting an internet-based research project which aims to identify the most energy-efficient commercial boilers in the current market.
Figure 1- All commercial boilers
Figure 2- Top 25% commercial boilers
Figure 3- Price/output capacity versus Output Capacity
Table 1- Data Summary (top 25% boilers)
" AHRI." AHRI. Version 2011. Air Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute, n.d. Web. 8 Aug. 2011. <http://www.ahrinet.org/>.
" GSA Advantage! “ U.S. General Services Administration, Web. 8 Aug. 2011. < https://www.gsaadvantage.gov>
Payne, Christopher , and Amanda Sahl. "Federal Energy Management Program: Energy-Efficient Product Procurement.“ Online seminar, August 4, 2011. <http://www1. eere.energy.gov/femp/>
Environmental Energy Technology Division at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Department of Energy’s Workforce Development of Teachers and Scientists, Center for Science and Engineering Education
This material is based upon work supported by the S.D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation and by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0952013. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the S.D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation or the National Science Foundation.
Source: A.O. Smith Water Products Co.
Figure 3:• Boilers with lower thermal
efficiencies have lower prices compared to the medium and higher efficiency boiler types.
Table 1 : • Summary of the top 25%
commercial boilers.Source: Peerless Boilers
Price ($)/ Output Capacity versus Output Capacity
(n = 127)
70
5,070
10,070
15,070
20,070
25,070
30,070
35,070
40,070
45,070
0 1 2 3 4 5
Output Capacity (Million Btu)
Pri
ce($
)/O
utp
ut C
ap
acity (M
illio
n B
tu)
Et>88% 84%<Et<87%Et<83%
