Update on UL and International Safety Standards
Transcript of Update on UL and International Safety Standards
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© 2017 UL, LLC
Update on UL and
International Safety
Standards
October 4th, 2017
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Background
2011
2012
2014-2015
2016
2017
Flammable Refrigerant Forum
Additional EPA SNAP rules
High GWP HFC phase-out (retail ref)
CA SLCP law
EPA SNAP Hydrocarbons rule
HCFC-22 phased-out
Year% Reduction
Consumption and Production
Implementation of HCFC Phase-OutPer Clean Air Act
2010 75%No production of importing of HCFC 142b and HCFC 22, except for use in equipment manufactured before 2010
2015 99%No production of importing of any HCFC’s, except for use in equipment manufactured before 2020
2020 99.5%No production or importing of HCFC 142band HCFC 22
2030 100% No production or importing any HCFC’s
U.S. Scheduled Phase-Out of HCFC’s
UL Standards JTG
Mo
ntr
ea
l P
roto
co
l
2020
2021
HFC-134A phased-out (hshd r/f)
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UL Flammable Refrigerants JTG
In February 2011, UL facilitated the initial JTG meeting in Las Vegas, NV. Near the end of this meeting, the JTG established three (3) working groups (WG’s).
1
WG 1 was asked to develop requirements for flammable refrigerants
applicable to air conditioning equipment.
2WG 2 was asked to
develop similar requirements for
refrigeration equipment.
3
WG 3 to address requirements for the testing
and evaluation of flammable refrigerants(including the new A2L types) and take into consideration the
recommended requirements of the equipment WG’s.
Each WG subsequently met a number of times throughout 2011 via teleconference as well as face-to-face. The full JTG met a second time in January 2012 at UL’s Northbrook, IL office.
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UL Air-Conditioning Standards
UL 60335-2-40 –Household and Similar Electrical Appliances
UL 474 –Dehumidifiers
UL 484 – RoomAir Conditioners
Published 3x LFL limit No flammable requirements planned (being superseded by UL 60335-2-40)
Part 2: Particular Requirements for Heating and Cooling Equipment Edition 1; current deviation to not allow flammable refrigerants
• 2nd edition has requirements for flammable refrigerants
• Proposed 3rd edition will have enhanced requirements for A2L flammable refrigerants
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UL JTG Flammable
Refrigerants WG2
UL Refrigeration
Standards• UL 250 – Household Refrigerators and Freezers; published 57 gram limit
• UL 471 – Commercial Refrigerators and Freezers; published 150 gram limit
• UL 60335-2-24 – Household and Similar Electrical Appliances, Part 2: Particular Requirements for Refrigerating Appliances, Ice-Cream Appliances and Ice-Makers; published 150 gram limit
• UL 399 – Drinking Water Coolers; published 60 gram limit
• UL 541 – Refrigerated Vending Machines; published 150 gram limit
• UL 563 – Ice Makers; published 150 gram limit
• UL 621 – Ice Cream Makers; Waiting on proposal from UL JTG
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UL JTG Flammable Refrigerants WG3
Working Group #3 (Refrigerants):
• Discussing recommended updates to UL 2182, “Safety Standard for Refrigerants” including:
• Eliminating 100°C flammability testing to harmonize with ASHRAE 34 and pending ISO 817 revision
• Incorporating optional burning velocity testing to differentiate Class 2L from Class 2 refrigerants
• Retaining Auto Ignition Temperature test to support hot surface requirements in end-use standards
• Considering hydrocarbon purity requirements (but not odorization/stenching which would require new technology)
• Not incorporating Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE) testing pending input from the other two WG’s
• Discussing test apparatus for burning velocity of Class 2L refrigerants
• Expecting to finish work around same time as WG#1 & #2 after risk assessments to ensure consistency
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Transition to New Standards
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UL 1995UL 60335-2-40
UL 471 UL 60335-2-24
UL 484UL 474
UL 250 UL 60335-2-89
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Reduce Risk
8
Pro
babili
ty o
f H
arm
(P)
Severity of Harm (S)
Unacceptable Risk
Tolerable Risk
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Standards Development Process
Proposal Received (Public,
Industry, etc)
Review by STP
Public Review, Balloting
Respond to Comments or Revise
Consensus Achieved
Publish Revision
9
Key benefits of this process
• Anyone can propose a change
• Standards Technical Panel (STP) is made up of different parts of industry
• STP has an opportunity to revise and clarify during the process
• Feedback is solicited from users and public (30 days minimum)
• Consensus ballot process:
- Majority have submitted ballot
- 2/3 have approved
• Appeal process
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Key Proposed Requirements for
UL 60335-2-40 the Safety Standard for
Air Conditioning Equipment
Refrigerant
Detection
System
Refrigerant
Connections
Source Of
Ignition
Hot
Surfaces
Increased
Charge
Limits
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AHRTI 9007 - Objective
• Conduct A2L refrigerant leak and
ignition testing under whole-room
conditions
• Investigate control limits and safety
factors that are proposed by draft
versions of IEC 60335-2-40, IEC
60335-2-89
• Determine main effects that impact
the severity of 2L refrigerant
thermal events
• Document the refrigerant
concentration profiles versus
previous CFD models
• Document any thermal events for
future deflagration modeling
• Investigate other factors that may
drive variability or that have been
overlooked by safety standards
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AHRTI 9009, Leak Detection of A2L
Refrigerants in HVACR Equipment.
The objective of this project is to conduct
a thorough review of sensor technologies
that can be used to detect A2L
refrigerants and can easily be integrated
into our equipment.
AHRTI-9009: Refrigerant Leak Detector Long-
Term Reliability Assessment
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AHRTI-9008: Investigation of Hot Surface Ignition Temperatures for A2L Refrigerants
The objective of this project is to
establish a standard Hot Surface
Ignition Temperature (HSIT) test
method, and conduct the HSIT testing
for various A2L refrigerants at various
ambient conditions.
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Flammable Refrigerants Post-Ignition Simulation and Risk Assessment Update
• Determine severity of ignition events using computer modeling
• Real world testing will provide calibration of model
• Results will refine what charge amounts should be considered for a wide variety of applications.
ASHRAE 1806
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25799
ASHRAE 1808
Servicing and Installing Equipment using Flammable Refrigerants:
Assessment of Field-made Mechanical Joints
• Determine leak rates through mechanical joints
• Various types mechanical joints to tested
• Different materials and sizes are to be tested
• Define what should be allowed in the standard.
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NFPA – Evaluation of the Fire Hazard of ASHRAE
Class A3 Refrigerants
• Evaluate the hazard of refrigeration
appliances used in a commercial retail and
kitchen settings.
• Determine leak locations and rates
• Establish severity of ignition events
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Revisions to Support 2L, 2 & 3 Refrigerants
Refrigerant
Standards/Regulations
Safety Standards
Building & Other Codes Local Codes
ISO-817 Designation and Safety Classification
ASHRAE 15Safety for Commercial Refrigeration Systems
UL 621Ice Cream Makers
UL 471Commercial Refrigerators & Freezers
UL60335-2-40 3rd
Heating and Cooling Equipment
ISO-5149Safety & Environmental Requirements
IEC 60335-2-40 Electrical heat pumps, Air-conditioners and Dehumidifiers
IEC 60335-2-24Refrigerating Appliances, Ice-Cream and Ice Makers
IEC 60335-2-89Commercial Refrigerating Appliances
IMC/UMC - International Mechanical Code
NFPA 1 - Fire Code
Country Specific Building and Fire Codes
State, County & City Building Codes
Local Building Codes?
INTERNATIONAL
on-going 2016-2017 2018-2021 2018-2028
Complete Under Revision No Activity
DOT TransportationStandards
GHS TransportationStandards
EN - 378Refrigerating Systems and Heat Pumps
Insurance Company Rules
Insurance Company Rules
Pressure Vessel Standard(PED, JIS, etc.)
Equipment Application
ASME Section VIIIPressure Vessels
ASHRAE 15.2Safety for Residential Refrigeration Systems
IRC - International Residential Code
IBC / IEBC - International Building Codes
IFC - International Fire Code
NFPA 101 - Safety Code
Country Regulations(i.e. Switzerland, Australia)
Montreal Protocol/Kigali(GWP)(Developed/Developing)
B52 (Canada)Safety for Commercial Refrigeration
NFPA 70, 90A, 90BHVAC Applications Codes
U.S. SPECIFIC
F-Gas Regulations(GWP Phasedown)
Montreal Protocol/Kigali(GWP Phasedown)(Developed)
SNAPSignificant New Alternatives Policy Program
State Regulations(i.e. California ARB Proposition 32)
ASHRAE 34 Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants
d
Global Refrigerant Standards and Codes
on-going 2014-2018 2018-2021 2019-2025
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IEC 60335-2-24 – Particular requirements for refrigerating appliances, ice-cream appliances, and ice-makers
IEC 60335-2-34 – Particular Requirements for Motor-Compressors
IEC 60335-2-40 – Particular requirements for electrical heat pumps, air conditioners, and dehumidifiers
IEC 60335-2-89 – Particular requirements for commercial refrigerating appliances with an incorporated or remote refrigerant unit or compressor
ISO 817 – Refrigerants -- Designation and safety classification
ISO 5149 – Refrigerating systems and heat pumps --Safety and environmental requirements -- Part 1: Definitions, classification and selection criteria
ISO 14903 – Refrigerating systems and heat pumps -Qualification of tightness of components and joints
International Standards
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• Flammable refrigerants allowed up to 130*LFL
• mc< m1 limited restrictions
• m1 <mc< m2 room size limited or ventilation
• m2 <mc< m3 ventilation required
• IEC SC 61D WG 9 is currently working on requirements for A2L
• IEC SC 61D WG 16 is working to possibly increased change limits of A2 and A3
IEC 60335-2-40 Particular requirements for electrical heat pumps, air conditioners, and dehumidifiers
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• Flammable refrigerants allowed
• 150g per circuit
• IEC SC 61C WG4 will continue the discussion on new requirements for increased charge limits for A2 and A3 refrigerants used in IEC 60335-2-89.
IEC 60335-2-89 Particular requirements for commercial refrigerating appliances with an incorporated or remote refrigerant unit or compressor.