• best mix of educational knowledge and practical experience

• Fuel Cell Design, Fuel Cell Reliability and Failure Modes, Accelerated Testing, Conductive Polymer Blends, Hydrogen Production and Distribution, Greener Energy System, Life Cycle Analysis

• Design a fuelling station for light-duty hydrogen FCVs for integration into a single residential building

• Production, compression, potential storage, and dispensing elements to be included

• Service a minimum daily capacity of 0.8 kg hydrogen/day/car

• based upon a 35 mile/day commute

• 44 mile/kg fuel economy light-duty fuel cell vehicles

• hydrogen must be compressed to 35 MPa (5000 psig)

• High rise condominium building

• Located in Waterloo Research and Technology Park

• Hydrogenics HySTAT 15 electrolyzer

• 15 Nm3/hr produced

• 32.4 kg/day

• 10 bar discharge

• built-in water purification

• municipal water input

• produces FCV-pure H2

• 99.999% pure

• Capable of fuelling 40 cars per day according to design requirements

Two-stage

Diaphragm

Compressor Booster Compressor

Cascade Mass of H2 (Full) Tank Volume

Low Pressure 14 kg 0.60 m3

Medium Pressure 10 kg 0.43 m3

High Pressure 10 kg 0.43 m3

• located upon entrance to parking garage for ease of access

• three-line charging system (priority controls)

• electronic compensation for temperature and pressure effects

• SAE J2600 compliant nozzles with SAE J2601 compliant dispenser-vehicle communications

• maximum fill time: 5 minutes

Key Features:

• blast-proof walls (2 hour fire resistance)

• blast-proof windows with thermoplastic glaze

• holds all major equipment (electrolyzer, primary and booster compression, storage cascade)

• pressure relief system with inert purging gas

• outside ventilation

• limited access (maintenance staff only)

• FMEA revealed significant hazards associated with human error, deliberate vandalism / terrorism, external fires, flooding and weather conditions, and potential valve failures, blockages or leaks along the lines

• Main potential consequences of these hazards include fire, explosion and suffocation

• Equipment placed in a secure special room designed to BNQ Hydrogen Installation Code. Dispenser on outdoor island protected by concrete-filled pipes

• Process control system shuts down equipment if fire, leak, or elevated temperatures or pressures detected

• Individual system components designed to relevant codes and standards

• Heat recovery for water and space heating

• Electrolyzer energy consumed • 683,280 kWh/year

• 290 solar photovoltaic (PV) panels • 60,030 kWh/year

• 4 Wind turbines • 7000+ kWh/year

• 20 Human Powered Bicycles (fitness room) • 10,676 kWh/year

Leadership in Environmental and Energy Design (LEED®) Gold Certification Credits include: • Being close to public transit • Low Emitting Materials

(paint) • Light Pollution Reduction

TOTAL OFFSET = 11.3%

0.000

50.000

100.000

150.000

200.000

250.000

300.000

350.000

Gasoline (Low S) 2010 Gasoline (Low S) 2050 CH2 Fuel Cell 2010 CH2 Fuel Cell 2050

CO

2 E

qu

iv (

g/km

)

Type of Fuel and Year

Carbon Equivalent Emissions – Conventional Gasoline vs FCVs

Vehicle Operation

Upstream

Vehicle Material & Assembly

• Savings of $404.8/year • Cost to produce 1 kg of H2 is $3.90

• Refueling stations available in Torrance, California for the Honda FCX Clarity

• Hydrogenics and ITM Power have built electrolysis units especially for residential use

• Technologies improving, will be more common in the future

Vehicle Type Cost ($/year)

Conventional ICE $1532.58

Fuel Cell Vehicle $1127.78

Key strategies:

• viral marketing campaign

• local newspaper feature

• bus shelter and exterior advertising

• branding of UW’s FCV

• info sessions @ UW

• open-door cafe in building

• comprehensive info station at condominium