University of Oxford Department for Continuing Education

From Civilisation To Barbarism? Western Britain in the Early

Middle Ages

Tutor: Dr Kirsten Jarrett

Week Eight: Politics and Power

Provinces of Later Roman Britain

Continuity of Britannia Prima into C6?‘Britanniae’

To Jupiter Best and Greatest, Lucius

Septimius [...] most Perfect of Men,

Governor of Britannia Prima and a citizen of

the Remi, restored [this].

I O M L SEPT ... V P P BR PR REST CIVIS RDate?

Cirencester ‘Jupiter column’

Civitates of Later Roman Britannia

Civitas / Provincial war-bands?

Hawkes and DunningType IB (‘horse-head’) Buckles

Gildas’ kings and kingdoms• Constantine: Dumnonia (Devon and / or Cornwall,

parts of Dorset)Custennin / Custennyn Gorneu ‘Cornwall’?

• Vortipor: Demetae (Dyfed) ‘Vortepor’ stone?

• Aurelius Caninus(Cynan map Brochfael, king of Powys? Gloucester ? Caerwent?)

• Cuneglas: Tegeingl / Decangli (Rhos?)

• Maglocunnus: Venodotia? (Gwynedd – Anglesey?)

Deganwy Castle, Conway, Gwynedd

DEB ch. 33. ‘...dragon of the island, Maglocune...’

Din Eirth, RhosDEB ch. 32: ‘Cuneglasse...thou bear, thou rider and ruler of many, and guider of the chariot which is the receptacle of the bear’

‘Fort of the Bear?’

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle AD 577

‘cyningas’

•Conmail (Cunomaglos) Gloucester?

•Condidan Cirencester?

•Farinmail Bath?

Bokerley Dyke

Wansdyke: East and West

Post-Roman ‘royal’ / ‘tribal’ administration

Covers large area

Probably Anglo-Saxon

Inscriptions and Titles

MEMORIA VOTEPORIGIS PROTICTORISVoteporis the protector [ ‘Vortipor’?]

Castell Dwyran, Abernant, Carmarthen ↖

PRINCIPI FILIV[S] AVDETIPrincipius the son of AudentiusSourton, Devon

BONEMIMORI [F]ILLI TRIBVNIIn loving memory of the son of Tribunus, Rialton, Corn.

• *Teuto-maglos 'prince of the tribe, people‘

• *toutorix ‘king of the tribe, people’ > tudyr

• *Brogo-rix ‘land-king’ > breyr

• *rigal 'kingly, royal'

• *tigernos ‘lord’

TIGERNACI DOBAGNILllangwarren, Pemb.

Men Scryfa, Madron

CVNORIX MACVS MAQVI COLINE Cunorix son of Maqui Coline

Wroxeter

Regional brooch distribution

Type GIngots