University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA PMOD/WRC, Switzerland
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Transcript of University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA PMOD/WRC, Switzerland
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University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USAPMOD/WRC, SwitzerlandNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, USAUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USAMain Geophysical Observatory, Russia
ELECTRON PRECIPITATION EFFECTS ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND CLIMATE
E. Rozanov, L. Callis, E. Rozanov, L. Callis,
M. Schlesinger, F. Yang, M. Schlesinger, F. Yang,
N. AndronovaN. Andronova and V. Zubov and V. Zubov
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Outline
• Motivation
• Experimental set-up
• Results
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Motivation
The simulated responses of ozone and temperature to solar irradiance variation over the 11-year solar cycle do not agree with the solar signal extracted from the observational data
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Hood (2002)
Ozone (%), Solar max - Solar min
Rozanov et al 2005
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EEP => NOy => O3
NOy = NO + NO2+ NO3+ HNO3+ ClNO+ 2*N2O5+ HNO4)(
Mechanism proposed by Callis et al. (1991)
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1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
0
2 108
4 108
6 108
8 108
1 109
1,2 109
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
ACRIM3_solar_irr
GOES >2MeV
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1987, 60-70 N and S
2D model (Callis, 1997)
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UIMESO: Model history
ST GCM/PC MST CCM“UIMESO”24L (50 km)40L (105 km)
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UIMESO: what is inherited
•Horizontal grid: 4o latitude by 5o longitude
•Dynamical core (FD)
•Representation of the surface and tropospheric processes
•Chemical solver (implicit Newton-Raphson)
•Advective transport (Hybrid scheme)
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UIMESO: what is new (1)
•Model top at 105 km ( 40 layers in vertical direction)
•Non-orographic GWD according to Alexander and Dunkerton (1999)
•Solar heating due to oxygen absorption
•Chemical heating due to 7 reactions (Mlynczak and Solomon, 1993)
•Heating efficiency for Hartley and Ly- bands (Mlynczak and Solomon, 1993)
•NonLTE parameterization of Fomichev et al., 1998
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UIMESO: what is new (2)
•Photolysis rates for Ly-, Schumann-Runge continuum
•NO photolysis according to Minschwaner and Siskind, (1993)
•Several new reactions
• Updated reaction coefficients and absorption cross-sections (JPL-2000 and recent papers)
•Additional NOx and HOx source due to EEP events
•NOx and HOx fluxes from the thermosphere
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Experimental set-up
Control run Experiment
Two 10-year long run:•SST/SI from AMIP climatology
•No NOy source from EEP •NOy source from EEP for 1987
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Annual changes
Rozanov et al (2006)
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Rozanov et al (2006)
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1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
0
2 108
4 108
6 108
8 108
1 109
1,2 109
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
ACRIM3_solar_irr
GOES >2MeV
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Rozanov et al (2006)
Rozanov et al (2005)
Hood (2002)
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Problems
• Too intensive downward motions, too high NOy
for EEP run, too low CH4, H2O and ozone in winter time over high-latitudes
• Too high NOx and too low ozone in the stratosphere due to probably overestimated O1D production
• Weak GWD from Alexander and Dunkerton (1999) parameterization
• Warm mesopause, absence of westerly winds in the MLT region in summer
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Problems
• 2D e- ==> NOy• Non-LTE • QBO
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Conclusions
• The electrons have significant effects on the ozone, temperature and dynamics in the stratosphere.
• Tropospheric changes are observed as well
• The reasons why for EEP run CCM overloads the stratosphere with NOy are not clear
• New runs with strong GWD are necessary