The WareHouse Web Application George Kour and Hanny Danial. Supervisor: Viktor Kulikov
University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter...
-
date post
21-Dec-2015 -
Category
Documents
-
view
213 -
download
0
Transcript of University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter...
![Page 1: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
Journey into the heart of matter
IntroducingParticle Physics
![Page 2: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
Topics
Fundamental particle
Leptons & quarks
PropertiesAntiparticlesForces in natureCarrier of the forces
Properties
![Page 3: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
So what is particle physics?
Everything in the universe is made of Particle of matter: called fundamental Particles
Particle Physics : Study these Particle
Work out how they interact to make the Universe look and behave the way it does
Fundamental elements
![Page 4: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
What is fundamental
![Page 5: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
Standard model 6 quarks, 6 leptons
Every particle is associated with the antiparticle
![Page 6: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
Anti particles
![Page 7: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
![Page 8: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
![Page 9: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
![Page 10: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
![Page 11: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
Quarks have fractional charge
Each quark has its anti particle
Carry another type of charge: colour charge
(P = uud = 2/3+2/3-1/3=1)
![Page 12: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
![Page 13: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
colour charge
o Quarks & gluons are colour charge particles
o Two close quark exchange gluons colour force field
3 colour charges
![Page 14: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
Properties
Each quark has one of the colour Red + blue +green = colour neutral
(baryon)Gluon (emission + absorption) changes colour
Colour is conserved
![Page 15: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
What holds it
Murray Gell-Mann (b. 1929)
together
![Page 16: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
what hold it Together
Four fundamental forces• Electromagnetism• Strong• Weak• Gravity
![Page 17: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
![Page 18: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
Electromagnetism
• Force between the two charges• unlike charge attract• like charge repel• Carrier particle are photons• Photons has zero mass& travel with speed of light
![Page 19: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
Strong forcesAttractive force between the nucleonsThis force overcome the repulsive force within an nucleusHold the quarks togetherto form hadronsCarrier particles are calledGluons (8 gluons)
![Page 20: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
Weak forces
Causes massive quarks & leptons to decay into lighter onesForce carriers are W+,W- & ZResponsible for flavour change ( when quark or lepton changes type)
![Page 21: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
Gravity
• Acts between all particles
with mass
• Carrier are the
Gravitons ??
![Page 22: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
conclusion
![Page 23: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
Need for accelerators & detectors
![Page 24: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
Any questions ?
![Page 25: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
Leptons
• Six type which come in three pair• without color• Tau and muon heavier than electron• Spin ½ particles
![Page 26: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
![Page 27: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
Gluons
• gluon animation
(a). As the quark propagates through nuclear matter, it loses energy by emitting gluons (b) and creating pairs of quarks and anti-quarks (c). As the system begins to return to equilibrium, two-quark systems (pions) are formed
![Page 28: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour
Gluons
• Carry colour / anticolour pair
• 8 gluons
![Page 29: University of Birmingham Master class,23rd April 2008 Ravjeet Kour Journey into the heart of matter Introducing Particle Physics.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032521/56649d565503460f94a341e6/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
University of BirminghamMaster class,23rd April 2008
Ravjeet Kour