University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and...
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![Page 1: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
University of Antwerp
What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters
between mining companies and local communities in
South-Kivu , DRC
Sara Geenen, PhD [email protected]
![Page 2: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Empirical study of the contentious
encounters between a community
(farmers, miners, elites …) and a
multinational company (Banro Corp.)
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Community development challenges
![Page 3: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
University of Antwerp
Presentation based on
• “Disputed access to the gold sites in Luhwindja, eastern DRC”– with Klara Claessens, IOB– Theory of access (Ribot & Peluso)/ legal pluralism– Analysis of mechanisms to gain, maintain and control access
used by various actors
• “Land grabbing by mining companies, local contentions and state reconfiguration in South-Kivu, DRC”– With Jana Hönke, FUBerlin– Book on land grabbing: focus on impact on communities and
positioning of local elites– Argument: local land grabs and struggles around it relate to
broader processes of state reconfiguration
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![Page 4: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
University of Antwerp
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OUTLINE
1. INTRODUCTION TO THE CASE STUDY
2. CONTENTIOUS ENCOUNTERS
3. DISLOCATION AND REINTEGRATION OF THE MINERS
4. RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION OF THE POPULATION
5. CHALLENGES FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
![Page 5: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
University of Antwerp
1. INTRODUCTION TO THE CASE-STUDY
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DR Congo
Industrial exploitation
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University of Antwerp
1. INTRODUCTION TO THE CASE-STUDY
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Decline of industrial production 1980s-90s
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University of Antwerp
1. INTRODUCTION TO THE CASE-STUDY
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![Page 8: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
University of Antwerp
1. INTRODUCTION TO THE CASE-STUDY
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![Page 9: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
University of Antwerp
1. INTRODUCTION TO THE CASE-STUDY
•2002 Mining Law
– Industrial exploration/ exploitation permits
– Small-scale exploration/ exploitation permits
– Artisanal: by miner’s cooperatives in ‘Artisanal Exploitation Zones’
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South-Kivu
![Page 10: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
University of Antwerp
1. INTRODUCTION TO THE CASE-STUDY
•Reality…
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South-Kivu
![Page 11: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
University of Antwerp
1. INTRODUCTION TO THE CASE-STUDY
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South-Kivu
Twangiza/ Luhwindja
![Page 12: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
University of Antwerp
1. INTRODUCTION TO THE CASE-STUDY
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Permis
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University of Antwerp
2. CONTENTIOUS ENCOUNTERS
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Resistance
2005… Installation of Banro
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University of Antwerp
2. CONTENTIOUS ENCOUNTERS
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• Politicization
• Conflict within the royal family
• Position of local elites• Reconfiguration of state
• Negotiations
• Community Forum• Agreements• Representation
![Page 15: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
University of Antwerp
3. DISLOCATION AND REINTEGRATION OF THE MINERS
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![Page 16: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
University of Antwerp
3. DISLOCATION AND REINTEGRATION OF THE MINERS
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![Page 17: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
University of Antwerp
3. DISLOCATION AND REINTEGRATION OF THE MINERS
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* 6000-8000 miners
* 400 received training from 4 local NGOs contracted by Banro
* 800 hired as day labourers ($4/day), laid off mid-2011
* hundreds of miners reoccupied sites downhill from Mbwega (factory)
![Page 18: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
University of Antwerp
4. RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION OF THE POPULATION
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Resettlement site: Cinjira
![Page 19: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
University of Antwerp
4. RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION OF THE POPULATION
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Compensation: issues
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University of Antwerp
5. CHALLENGES FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
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![Page 21: University of Antwerp What’s in it for us? Contentious encounters between mining companies and local communities in South-Kivu, DRC Sara Geenen, PhD student.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfb51a28abf838c9da13/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
University of Antwerp
5. CHALLENGES FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
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THANK YOU