University and Extra-university Research in Germany IRASA Conference, Berlin, 21 August 2014...

University and Extra-university Research in Germany

IRASA Conference, Berlin, 21 August 2014

Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn

Research in Germany

Research Performance

Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn

Research Performing Institutions

The German Research Landscape

1. The Universities

2. Four independent national organisations of extra-university research

- Max Planck Society, MPG – 78 institutes

- Leibniz Association, WGL – 89 institutes

- Helmholtz Association, HGF – 18 research centres

- Fraunhofer Association, FhG – 67 institutes

3. Research institutes dependent from federal government departments

(„Ressortforschung“) - 60 institutes


German Research LandscapeDifferent Players: public – private sector


The German Rectors‘ Conference


German Rectors‘ Conference (HRK): The voluntary association of state and state-recognized universities and other institutions of higher education in Germany.

The HRK’s member institutionsaccount for 94 per cent of students in Germany.

The German Higher Education System

110 Universities and Technical Universities

226 Universities of Applied Sciences, „Fachhochschulen“

58 Colleges of Art and Music

Altogether 394 institutions of higher education (predominantly

state institutions; 116 private universities, but only 5.3 % of all

enrolled students study at private universities, usually with limited

range of subjects)


Types of Higher Education Institutions


The Max Planck Society

Max Planck, 1858 -1947

Founder of the Quantum Theory,

Nobel Prize 1918

The Max-Planck-Gesellschaft for the advancement of sciences was founded in 1948

It is the successor organization to the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft which was founded in 1911

Mission and Guiding Principles of the Max Planck Society

• Basic Research at cutting-edge, curiosity-driven and quality oriented

• Autonomy, where scientists decide upon science

• „Harnack Principle“: People not programs

• Flexible, dynamic, interdisciplinary MPIs

• Long-term trust systems with significant core funding for high-risk

projects

• Quality assurance by peers


MPG - Facts & Figures


1.599,4 Mio. EUR21.640 The Max Planck Society has a total workforce of

21.640 employees, including5.500 scientists

and 4.642 guest scientists and grantholders.

Sites of Max Planck Research Institutes and Associated Institutes


MAX PLANCK INSTITUTES ABROAD

USA, FLORIDAMax Planck Florida, Jupiter

THE NETHERLANDSMax Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen

LUXEMBOURGMax Planck Institute Luxembourg for International, European and Regulatory Procedural Law, Luxembourg

ITALYBibliotheca Hertziana, RomeArt History Institute, Florence

The Leibniz Association

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

(1646 – 1716)

Universal scholar in Law, Mathematics, Philosophy, Theology, History, Philology, Natural and Engineering Sciences



98430

349120

Budget in Mio. €

Institutional FundingLeibniz-CompetitionThird Party FundingOther

• Founded in 1995

• 89 Member Institutes

• Scientific excellence and impact

• Regular evaluations (every 7 years)

• Total budget 1.53 billion € (in 2013)

The Leibniz Association at a Glance


►Section A (17) Humanities and Educational Research

►Section B (17) Economics, Social and Spatial Sciences

►Section C (24) Life Sciences

►Section D (22) Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Engineering

►Section E (9) Environmental Research Berlin, 21 August 2014 - Christoph Mühlberg, Division of International Cooperation, DFG Bonn

Locations and Research Areas

The Helmholtz Association

Commitment to interdisciplinary

research

A sense for the practical:

Contribution to wealth creation

Founding President of the Physikalisch-

Technische Reichsanstalt: Effective

management of large-scale research

Hermann von Helmholtz (1821 – 1894):

The Helmholtz Association

►HELMHOLTZ MISSION


Strategic research for grand challenges with cutting-edge research

Think big, act big: Developing and operating complex infrastructure and large-scale facilities for the national and international scientific community

Creating wealth for society and industry through transfer of knowledge and technology

The Helmholtz AssociationFACTS AND FIGURES

37,148 Staff (status as of 2013)

● 14,754 scientists● 6,789 PhD students● 1,657 vocational trainees

Budget 2014: €3.75 billion

● €2.58 bn (budget approach*): Institutional funding (90% federal, 10% state)

● €1.04 bn: third-party funding* (based on actual costs 2012)

● €0.13 bn: special finance

*including contracts of project management agencies and other revenues, excluding project sponsorships totalling about €138 M

Helmholtz Centres

Helmholtz Centre

Branch of a Helmholtz Centre

Helmholtz Head Office

Helmholtz Institute

Ulm

Dresden

Ulm

Freiberg

Kiel

The Fraunhofer Society


Joseph Fraunhofer

6 March 1787 – 7 June 1826 German optician

known for the discovery of the dark absorption lines

Fraunhofer Society, Mission and Research Areas

The Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft promotes and conducts applied research in an international context, to benefit private and public enterprise and is an asset to society as a whole.

Fraunhofer Institutes help to reinforce the competitive strength of the economy in their region, throughout Germany and in Europe.

As an employer, the Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft offers a platform that enables its staff to develop both professional and personal skills

Information and Communication Technology Life Sciences Microelectronics Light & Surfaces Production Materials and Components Defense and Security

The Fraunhofer Society Locations in Germany

67 institutes and research units

more than 23,000 staff €2 billion annual

research budget

main location

other location

Research in Germany

Research Funding


The Research Council Principle (national funding agency)


(National) Research Council – an expression of scientific culture Principle:

1. Government gives money for research

2. Independent expert organization responsible for distributing the money

Quality competition

1. range of funding instruments

2. autonomous procedures

- peer review- decision-making

DFG: Who We Are and What We Do

►central public funding organization for academic research in Germany

►member organization (universities, learned societies)

►serving science and the arts in all fields

►promoting academic excellence on a competitive basis in order to deal with complexity

►independent multi-tiered peer review

►special focus on supporting young academics

►promoting international research co-operation

►advisory function for the political sphere and the wider public

►fostering links between science and industry

DFG = Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

The historical name “Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft” means

“German Research Community” which stands for an organisation

of scientific self-administration.

Functionally it is the national research funding agency in Germany.

DFG is an independent organization = association of private law

This means: DFG is a membership organization

with 96 members:

● 69 universities

● 16 extra-university research institutions

● 8 academies of sciences and humanities

● 3 scientific associations


DFG and its funding authorities

DFG funding is 99,9% public = taxpayers’ money.

The funding authorities are:

► The federal government in Berlin (67.1%)

► The 16 regional states (32.7%)

Less than 0,1% of the funds come from the private

“Donors’ Association for German Science”

DFG’s budget for 2014 amounts to € 2.847 billion.


Where do DFG funds go?


► Project funding by DFG goes:

to universities = 90%

to extra-university institutions = 10%

compared to:

► Programme money / project funding by the Federal Government

(~ 2,5 b€ ) which goes:

to universities = 35%

to extra-university institutions = 32%

to industry = 33%

DFG: Distribution of funds according to science areas


Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften

318,3 Mio. €(15,3%)

Lebenswissenschaften

808,1 Mio.€(38,9%)

Naturwissenschaften498,8 Mio. €

(24,0%)

Ingenieur-wissenschaften

451,9 Mio. €(21,8%)

Engineering Sciences Humanities and Social Sciences

Natural Sciences Life Sciences

Two other important sources of research funding

1. BMBF – Federal for Education and Research

• Key technologies (biotechnology, nanotechnology, microsystems, materials,

production technology etc.)

• Societal needs (climate, energy, health, food, mobility, security, communication

etc.)

about 2,5 bn €

2. EUROPE - Framework Programme „Horizon 2020“

• Programme „Ideas“ – The European Research Council (ERC)

about 2 bn €


Research in Germany

Research Cooperation


DFG: Levels of International Cooperation


1. International memberships of DFG

2. Bilateral Agreements on Scientific Cooperation

3. Six Liaison Offices in America, Asia and Russia

4. Participation in international programmes and conferences

• Funding of joint programmes and projects

• Support for research projects with partners abroad

• Support for international meetings and workshops

DFG support for bilateral research cooperation

1. Invitation to a researcher in Germany to visit a research

institution in a partner country

DFG form 1.813_en = „trips abroad“

2. Invitation to a foreign researcher to visit a research institution

in Germany

DFG form 1.813_en = „guest visits“

3. Joint project = standard individual grant

DFG form 50_01_en with supplementary instructions for projects involving cooperation with

developing countries

DFG form 54.013_en


► Research Training Groups (“Graduiertenkollegs”):

International students are welcome to apply for fellowships

● ca. 30% international PhD students

● Support for international exchange of senior and junior scientists

► Programme variant: International Research Training Groups

● Joint international (bilateral) research training at centers of excellence

● Jointly proposed by a research group at a German university and a partner group at

a university abroad

● Joint research and study programme

● Joint supervision

● Research stays of ~ 6 months at partner group abroad

Research Training GroupsThe International Dimension


International Research Training Groups


Bild durch Klicken hinzufügenAustria ; 1 Austria/Italy; 1Brazil; 1

Canada ; 2

Canada/USA; 1

China; 5

Czechia; 1

Denmark; 1

Estonia/Sweden; 1

France; 4

Great Britain; 1

India; 2Japan; 4Mexico; 1New Zealand; 1

Netherlands; 4

Netherlands/Norway; 1

Norway; 1

Russian Federation; 2

Sweden; 2

Switzerland; 1

Spain; 1

South Korea; 2

USA; 6

Thank you for your attention!


University and Extra-university Research in Germany IRASA Conference, Berlin, 21 August 2014...

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